Тенденции развития комплексных транспортных схем городов

The article discusses the process of planning the work of urban transport operations in the form of an integrated transport scheme (ITS), which is the transport part of the master plan for development of a city, and studies organization of urban transport. The objective of the article is to formulate the main directions of developments in the field of transport planning based on modern domestic and foreign experience and knowledge, and on retrospective analysis of changes in the field of urban transport planning.The methodology is presented for the conditions prevailing in the Russian Federation, the peculiarity of which comprise a relatively late (compared to European countries and the USA), but rapidly developing motorization of the country, a change in qualifications of specialists working in the field of urban transport planning, a certain loss of experience and skills in development of ITS in recent years.The suggested conclusions represent a brief description of the concept of a common toolkit, a scheme and the most promising methods for developing approaches to development of integrated transport schemes and require further in-depth research in each specific segment.В статье рассматривается процесс планирования работы городского транспорта в форме комплексной транспортной схемы (КТС), являющейся транспортной частью генерального плана развития города и рассматривающей вопросы организации городского транспорта. Цель статьи – сформулировать основные направления разработок в сфере транспортного планирования на основе современного отечественного и зарубежного опыта и знаний, в том числе с использованием ретроспективного анализа изменений в сфере планирования городского транспорта.Анализ представлен для условий Российской Федерации, особенностями которых являются относительно поздняя (по сравнению со странами Европы и США), но быстро протекающая автомобилизация страны, изменение квалификационного состава специалистов, работающих в сфере планирования городского транспорта, определённая потеря опыта и умения разработки КТС за последние годы.Предложенные выводы представляют собой краткое описание концепта общего инструментария, схем и наиболее перспективных методов разработки подходов к развитию комплексных транспортных схем и требуют дальнейших углублённых исследований по каждому направлению

Highly-controlled grafting of mono and dicationic 4,4′-bipyridine derivatives on SBA-15 for potential application as adsorbent of CuCl2 from ethanol solution

AbstractThis work describes a highly controlled post-grafting of mono and dicationic 4,4′-bipyridine alkoxysilane derivatives (Bipy+ and Bipy2+) onto the surface of an ordered mesoporous silica, SBA-15. The materials obtained are designated as SBA-15/Bipy+Cl− and SBA-15/Bipy2+Cl2-, both possessing chloride as counter ion. The regular arrangement of uniform pores of this inorganic matrix is likely to ensure good accessibility to the active centers (electron acceptors) attached to the surface. The materials are excellent adsorbents due to the ability of the functional groups to retain copper chlorides on their surfaces as anionic complexes (CuCl2+nn-) in ethanol. From the adsorption, results it was possible to probe the functional surface monolayer of the materials, which present a highly homogenous distribution of functional groups inside the ordered SBA-15 channels, with an exchange efficiency of 93% for SBA-15/Bipy+Cl− and 94% for SBA-15/Bipy2+Cl2-. Both adsorbent materials are potentially useful in the pre-concentration and further analysis of Cu(II) present in trace amounts in ethanol, extensively used as an automotive fuel in Brazil

Effect of Cr spacer on structural and magnetic properties of Fe/Gd multilayers

In this work we analyse the role of a thin Cr spacer between Fe and Gd layers on structure and magnetic properties of a [Fe(35A)/Cr(tCr)/Gd(50A)/Cr(tCr)]x12 superlattice. Samples without the Cr spacer (tCr=0) and with a thin tCr=4A are investigated using X-ray diffraction, polarized neutron and resonance X-ray magnetic reflectometry, SQUID magnetometery, magneto-optical Kerr effect and ferromagnetic resonance techniques. Magnetic properties are studied experimentally in a wide temperature range 4-300K and analysed theoretically using numerical simulation on the basis of the mean-field model. We show that a reasonable agreement with the experimental data can be obtained considering temperature dependence of the effective field parameter in gadolinium layers. The analysis of the experimental data shows that besides a strong reduction of the antiferromagnetic coupling between Fe and Gd, the introduction of Cr spacers into Fe/Gd superlattice leads to modification of both structural and magnetic characteristics of the ferromagnetic layers

Cyclic voltammetry of tris(2,2-bipyridine)zinc(II) diperchlorate detected by electron spin resonance

Electrochemical transformations of the tris(2,2-bipyridine) complex of zinc(II) perchlor- ate were studied by cyclic voltammetry detected by electron spin resonance (DESR CV), which made it possible to indentify the intermediates formed and to monitor the unpaired electron localization in them. © 2013 Springer Science+Business Media, Inc

Adsorption of metal ions on novel 3-n-propyl (methylpyridinium) silsesquioxane chloride polymers surface: study of heterogeneous equilibrium at the solid-solution interface

Polymers Si3Py+Cl- (A) and Si4Py+Cl- (B), 3-n-propyl (3-methylpyridinium) silsesquioxane and 3-n-propyl(4-methylpyridinium) silsesquioxane chlorides, respectively, were prepared by the sol-gel processing method. The ion exchange capacities (mmol g-1) were 0.90 and 0.81 for (A) and (B) respectively. Considering the reaction nSiPy+Cl-(s) + M2+(sln) + 2Cl-(sln) <IMG SRC="../img/a18setas.jpg" WIDTH=54 HEIGHT=15>(SiPy+)nMCl2+n n-(s), the values of the stepwise equilibrium constants obtained were: (A) CuII: logK(2)¹= 4.14(0.03), logK(2)²= 2.91(0.04); ZnII, logK(2)¹= 3.3(0.3), logK(2)²= 4.9(0.3); (B) CuII:logK(2)¹= 3.82(0.03), logK(2)²= 3.00(0.04); ZnII, logK(2)¹= 3.93(0.03), logK(2)²= 3.55(0.08), being K(2)¹ and K(2)² the equilibrium constants for adsorption of the species MCl4(2-) and MCl3-, respectively. For adsorption of ZnII on Si3Py+Cl-, K(2)² > K(2)¹, indicating positive cooperativity, i.e., the adsorption of MCl4(2-)enhances the adsorption of MCl3- species on the adsorbent surface. For the other cations, K(2)¹ > K(2)², indicating that adsorption of MCl4(2-)depresses the adsorption of MCl3-species, indicating negative cooperativity. <IMG SRC="../img/a18setas.jpg" WIDTH=54 HEIGHT=15

Полиморфная нейроэпиталиальная опухоль низкой степени злокачественности молодого возраста (PLNTY), новые радиологические особенности: клинический случай

A new form of morphologically and molecularly distinguishable epileptogenic neoplasia with characteristic microscopic findings and a distinct DNA methylation signature as well as frequent genetic anomalies, was revealed in 2017; the tumor was called polymorphous low-grade neuroepithelial tumor of the young (PLNTY). Several specific radiological patterns found in PLNTY when compared with the results of a pathomorphological study being useful in differential diagnosis with other epileptogenic tumors were mentioned in certain papers. Our paper is devoted to some particulars of the radiological picture in two children with pharmacoresistant epilepsy who underwent epileptic surgery with histological verification of PLNTY.В 2017 г. обнаружена новая форма морфологически и молекулярно различимой эпилептогенной неоплазии, имеющая характерные микроскопические находки и отчетливую сигнатуру метилирования ДНК, наряду с частыми генетическими аномалиями, получившая название полиморфная нейроэпителиальная опухоль низкой степени злокачественности молодого возраста (PLNTY). В литературе упоминается о нескольких специфических радиологических паттернах, встречающихся у PLNTY, которые при сопоставлении с результатами патоморфологического исследования могут быть полезны при дифференциальной диагностике с другими эпилептогенными опухолями. Мы сообщаем о некоторых особенностях радиологической картины у двух детей с фармакорезистентной эпилепсией, прошедших процедуру эпилептической хирургии с гистологической верификацией PLNTY.

Spectroelectrochemistry: ESR of Paramagnetic Intermediates in the Electron Transfer Series [Cr(bpy)<inf>3</inf>]ⁿ (n = 3+, 2+, 1+, 0, 1-)

© 2015 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. A new method of cyclic voltammetry with simultaneous ESR spectra multiple recording (CV-MRESR) has been proposed and implemented. Along with cyclic voltammetry (CV) and electron spin resonance (ESR), the combined method involving cyclic voltammetry and ESR (CV-ESR) has been used for the study of electron transfer in a series of complexes [Cr(bpy)3]n (n = 3+, 2+, 1+, 0, 1-)

Highly active Pd-Ni nanocatalysts supported on multicharged polymer matrix

© The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017. In this article, we report the synthesis of mono- and bimetallic Pd-Ni nanocomposites supported on a multicharged polymeric matrix for catalytic applications. The morphology and catalytic properties of the composites depend on the Pd-Ni ratio. In the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction, the composite with an equal amount of palladium and nickel is the most active and the reaction occurs within six hours in water at room temperature