Técnicas tradicionais e digitais para trabalhar com material léxico em aulas de inglês

The relevance of this study is due to the fact that the lexical skill is an integral part of all types of speech activity, the formation, improvement and development of which is the main task of teaching a foreign language, namely English. The authors focus on the need for good knowledge of vocabulary for the successful development of communicative competence of students in a globalized world. The purpose of this study is to examine the process of forming language competence when teaching a foreign language and to reveal what techniques are better suited for the pre-intermediate and intermediate students based on the research conducted among the students of the first year at Kazan Federal University. Based on the analysis of effective methods for introducing vocabulary in English classes, the authors identified 10 strategies for effective vocabulary learning and compared traditional and digital methods of its introduction and practice. The authors of this article pay special attention to the experience of activating learning new vocabulary in English classes. Examples of lexical exercises that are typical for each stage of working with the vocabulary are suggested. Conclusions based on the survey of 213 students are drawn.La relevancia de este estudio se debe al hecho de que la habilidad léxica es parte integral de todo tipo de actividad del habla, cuya formación, mejora y desarrollo es la tarea principal de la enseñanza de una lengua extranjera, a saber, el inglés. Los autores se centran en la necesidad de un buen conocimiento del vocabulario para el desarrollo exitoso de la competencia comunicativa de los estudiantes en un mundo globalizado. El propósito de este estudio es examinar el proceso de formación de la competencia lingüística al enseñar un idioma extranjero y revelar qué técnicas son más adecuadas para los estudiantes de pre-intermedio e intermedio según la investigación realizada entre los estudiantes de primer año en Kazan Federal. Universidad. Sobre la base del análisis de métodos efectivos para introducir vocabulario en las clases de inglés, los autores identificaron 10 estrategias para el aprendizaje efectivo del vocabulario y compararon los métodos tradicionales y digitales de su introducción y práctica. Los autores de este artículo prestan especial atención a la experiencia de activar el aprendizaje de nuevo vocabulario en las clases de inglés. Se sugieren ejemplos de ejercicios léxicos típicos de cada etapa del trabajo con el vocabulario. Se extraen conclusiones basadas en la encuesta a 213 estudiantes.A relevância deste estudo se deve ao fato de que a habilidade lexical é parte integrante de todos os tipos de atividade da fala, cuja formação, aprimoramento e desenvolvimento é a principal tarefa do ensino de uma língua estrangeira, nomeadamente o Inglês. Os autores enfocam a necessidade de um bom conhecimento do vocabulário para o desenvolvimento bem-sucedido da competência comunicativa dos alunos em um mundo globalizado. O objetivo deste estudo é examinar o processo de formação de competências linguísticas no ensino de uma língua estrangeira e revelar quais técnicas são mais adequadas para os alunos pré-intermediários e intermediários com base na pesquisa realizada entre os alunos do primeiro ano do Kazan Federal Universidade. Com base na análise de métodos eficazes para a introdução do vocabulário nas aulas de inglês, os autores identificaram 10 estratégias para a aprendizagem eficaz do vocabulário e compararam os métodos tradicionais e digitais de sua introdução e prática. Os autores deste artigo prestam atenção especial à experiência de ativar o aprendizado de um novo vocabulário nas aulas de inglês. Exemplos de exercícios lexicais típicos para cada estágio de trabalho com o vocabulário são sugeridos. São tiradas conclusões com base na pesquisa de 213 alunos

Creative approaches development to make learning on the coursebook absorbing

© Medwell Journals, 2016.There is a useful and concise overview of the concept of creativity and how it has evolved historically, how to develop creative approaches of learning together with possible applications to the classroom. The aim is to achieve "flow" in classrooms: "When everything flows, when the interaction is smooth ... we can talk about teaching in aesthetic terms ... that is, an experience that results in a sensorial perception that not only satisfies the teacher, but also the groups. When this happens, teaching ceases to be an action and becomes an art. There follow suggestions for strategies to implement creativity as change: simplicity, combinatorial creativity-making creativity-making new associations between previously unconnected items play and risk taking. (ChazPugliese, 2009)

Epidemiological dynamics of nephropathia epidemica in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, during the period of 1997-2013

Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015.This report summarizes epidemiological data on nephropathia epidemica (NE) in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. NE cases identified in the period 1997-2013 were investigated in parallel with the hantavirus antigen prevalence in small rodents in the study area. A total of 13 930 NE cases were documented in all but one district of Tatarstan, with most cases located in the central and southeastern districts. The NE annual incidence rate exhibited a cyclical pattern, with the highest numbers of cases being registered once in every 3-5 years. The numbers of NE cases rose gradually from July to November, with the highest morbidity in adult males. The highest annual disease incidence rate, 64·4 cases/100 000 population, was observed in 1997, with a total of 2431 NE cases registered. NE cases were mostly associated with visiting forests and agricultural activities. The analysis revealed that the bank vole Myodes glareolus not only comprises the majority of the small rodent communities in the region, but also consistently displays the highest hantavirus prevalence compared to other small rodent species

Current State of Natural Foci of Dangerous Infectious Diseases in the Territory of the Russian Federation

Objective of the study is to evaluate the current state of epizootic activity of natural zoonotic foci, as the basis for the development of prophylactic measures aimed at prevention of natural-focal infections during mass events. Materials and methods. Utilized have been reports from the Center of Hygiene and Epidemiology in the Republic of Tatarstan, the data provided by Rospotrebnadzor Administration in the Republic of Tatarstan over the period of 2009-2014, and literature references. Results and conclusions. The most pressing natural-focal infectious diseases are hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, tick-borne borreliosis, and tick-borne viral encephalitis. Yersinioses, leptospiroses, and West Nile fever are rarely registered. Tularemia infections have not been reported within the past 20 years. The period of 2009-2013 is characterized by the decrease in the numbers of carriers and vectors of the diseases, as well as epizootic activity of natural foci, which came up to minimum values in 2013. Emerged since 2014 increment in the abundance rates of the carriers and later the vectors can lead to the increase in the incidence of natural-focal diseases. In the territory of the Republic, allocated are the spatial combination areas of natural foci of the diseases of various etiology with high risk of population exposure. Previous to conduction of mass events it is necessary to enhance the epizootiological surveillance in the natural foci, the results of which lay premises for the development of complex prophylactic activities

Creative approaches development to make learning on the coursebook absorbing

© Medwell Journals, 2016.There is a useful and concise overview of the concept of creativity and how it has evolved historically, how to develop creative approaches of learning together with possible applications to the classroom. The aim is to achieve "flow" in classrooms: "When everything flows, when the interaction is smooth ... we can talk about teaching in aesthetic terms ... that is, an experience that results in a sensorial perception that not only satisfies the teacher, but also the groups. When this happens, teaching ceases to be an action and becomes an art. There follow suggestions for strategies to implement creativity as change: simplicity, combinatorial creativity-making creativity-making new associations between previously unconnected items play and risk taking. (ChazPugliese, 2009)

Epidemiological dynamics of nephropathia epidemica in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, during the period of 1997-2013

Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015.This report summarizes epidemiological data on nephropathia epidemica (NE) in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. NE cases identified in the period 1997-2013 were investigated in parallel with the hantavirus antigen prevalence in small rodents in the study area. A total of 13 930 NE cases were documented in all but one district of Tatarstan, with most cases located in the central and southeastern districts. The NE annual incidence rate exhibited a cyclical pattern, with the highest numbers of cases being registered once in every 3-5 years. The numbers of NE cases rose gradually from July to November, with the highest morbidity in adult males. The highest annual disease incidence rate, 64·4 cases/100 000 population, was observed in 1997, with a total of 2431 NE cases registered. NE cases were mostly associated with visiting forests and agricultural activities. The analysis revealed that the bank vole Myodes glareolus not only comprises the majority of the small rodent communities in the region, but also consistently displays the highest hantavirus prevalence compared to other small rodent species

Epidemiological dynamics of nephropathia epidemica in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, during the period of 1997-2013

Copyright © Cambridge University Press 2015.This report summarizes epidemiological data on nephropathia epidemica (NE) in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia. NE cases identified in the period 1997-2013 were investigated in parallel with the hantavirus antigen prevalence in small rodents in the study area. A total of 13 930 NE cases were documented in all but one district of Tatarstan, with most cases located in the central and southeastern districts. The NE annual incidence rate exhibited a cyclical pattern, with the highest numbers of cases being registered once in every 3-5 years. The numbers of NE cases rose gradually from July to November, with the highest morbidity in adult males. The highest annual disease incidence rate, 64·4 cases/100 000 population, was observed in 1997, with a total of 2431 NE cases registered. NE cases were mostly associated with visiting forests and agricultural activities. The analysis revealed that the bank vole Myodes glareolus not only comprises the majority of the small rodent communities in the region, but also consistently displays the highest hantavirus prevalence compared to other small rodent species