Los medios de comunicación en América Latina: una exploración desde la dualidad gobierno y oposición parlamentaria

[ES] Este boletín busca analizar el rol de los medios en el contexto democrático en términos de confianza institucional entre los legisladores de gobierno/ oposición de 16 países de América Latina. Luego, se busca la medida en que dentro de los partidos de gobierno o de oposición se toma en cuenta a los medios en sus decisiones políticas y qué relación existe entre esta actitud y la percepción de la corrupción en los medios. Por último, para los partidos de oposición de la última legislatura se aborda la relación entre la confianza hacia los medios de comunicación y el Ejecutivo. El análisis se realiza a partir de los datos de PELA (Proyecto de las Elites Parlamentarias de América Latina) de las dos últimas legislaturas de Argentina, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, República Dominicana y Uruguay[EN] This bulletin is to analyze the role of media in the democratic context in terms of institutional trust among lawmakers of government / opposition from 16 countries in Latin America. Then, it seeks to the extent that within the ruling parties or opposition is taken into account in the media in their political decisions and what relationship exists between this attitude and perception of corruption in the media. Finally, for the opposition parties of the last legislature addresses the relationship between trust in the media and the executive. The analysis is based on data from PELA (Draft Parliamentary Elites of Latin America) of the last two legislatures of Argentina, Bolivia, Costa Rica, Colombia, Chile, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua , Panama, Paraguay, Peru, Dominican Republic and Urugua

Una aproximación al concepto de la profesionalización de las carreras legislativas en Paraguay y Bolivia

[ES] El objetivo de este boletín es exponer algunos elementos de las carreras legislativas de los diputados en Bolivia y Paraguay, en donde han sido poco estudiadas. El interés en conocer los patrones de las carreras legislativas parte de la relevancia de los políticos y de sus trayectorias en el funcionamiento de los sistemas políticos contemporáneos. Asimismo, resulta interesante analizar la manera en que se desarrolla su trayectoria política y el grado de profesionalización en función de las instituciones en las que se desenvuelven, que son diferentes en cada país[EN] The purpose of this paper is to provide some elements of the legislative careers of deputies in Bolivia and Paraguay, where they have been little studied. The interest in knowing the patterns of legislative careers of the relevance of politicians and their trajectories in the functioning of contemporary political systems. It is also interesting to see how his career develops policy and the degree of professionalization in terms of the institutions in which they operate, which are different in each countr

Niche parties in Latin America

<p>Niche parties, which have been defined as focusing on a narrow range of issues their competitors neglect, are a phenomenon that has so far been described and analysed primarily in Western Europe. In this paper, we extend existing work by examining the presence and nature of niche parties in Latin America. Using the expert survey data collected by [Wiesehomeier, N., and K. Benoit. 2009. “President, Parties, and Policy Competition.” <i>The Journal of Politics</i> 71: 1435–1447], we show that there are niche parties in most Latin American party systems. Two kinds of niche party, traditionalist and postmaterialist, predominate. We also show that niche parties, despite being defined based on issue-based characteristics, are in fact less programmatic in their linkage strategies than mainstream competitors. Instead, niche parties are slightly more likely to draw on charismatic strategies and tend to establish strong organizational links to ethnic and religious organizations. Niche parties in Latin America are primarily vehicles for the mobilization of group interests. These findings have implications for our understanding of political representation in new democracies and niche party strategies more generally.</p

Las reformas estatales y políticas en América Latina: una comparación entre las opiniones de los políticos y los ciudadanos

[ES] El texto aborda las percepciones de ciudadanos y diputados sobre el papel del Estado y su intervención en algunas áreas estrategias como la economía. Se contrastan 16 países. Su referente son los datos de Barómetro de las Américas del Proyecto de Opinión pública de América Latina (LAPOP) y las entrevistas a legisladores del Proyecto Elites Parlamentarias en América Latina. Se concluye entre otras cosas que entre las élites y los ciudadanos existe una coincidencia por mayor intervención estatal en los recursos naturales. En el tema de los servicios públicos se coincide en una participación entre el Estado y la iniciativa privada[EN] The text addresses the perceptions of citizens and legislators on the state's role and intervention strategies in certain areas in the economy. The analysis of 16 countries is based on data of the Latin American Public Opinion Project and interviews with legislators from the Parliamentary Elites Project in Latin America. Among other themes, it is concluded that elites and citizens coincide in their opinions on more state intervention in natural resources, and on the issue both State and private initiatives with respect to public service

Niche parties in Latin America

Niche parties, which have been defined as focusing on a narrow range of issues their competitors neglect, are a phenomenon that has so far been described and analysed primarily in Western Europe. In this paper, we extend existing work by examining the presence and nature of niche parties in Latin America. Using the expert survey data collected by [Wiesehomeier, N., and K. Benoit. 2009. “President, Parties, and Policy Competition.” The Journal of Politics 71: 1435–1447], we show that there are niche parties in most Latin American party systems. Two kinds of niche party, traditionalist and postmaterialist, predominate. We also show that niche parties, despite being defined based on issue-based characteristics, are in fact less programmatic in their linkage strategies than mainstream competitors. Instead, niche parties are slightly more likely to draw on charismatic strategies and tend to establish strong organizational links to ethnic and religious organizations. Niche parties in Latin America are primarily vehicles for the mobilization of group interests. These findings have implications for our understanding of political representation in new democracies and niche party strategies more generally.© 2018 The Author(s