A Methodology for Model Based Development of Application Software Modules Exemplified by Radar Based Parking Systems

International audienceThis paper addresses a methodology for the development of driver assistance systems. As an example the development of parking systems is described in detail. Throughout the paper the complete system including sensors, ECU and software is considered in order to provide better understanding of the overall development activities in each state of development. A model based development approach is chosen for the early evaluation of the whole system. Graphical models are used throughout the process which is also advantageous for the extraction and the systematic validation of sub modules. The models are both used for the preparation of decisions in functional or software architecture and for testing and integration strategies. For software modules containing core function applications the tool-supported development is presented, starting from basic ideas of new functionalities up to and including automatically generated production code for electronic control units

Organic metals from simple aromatic hydrocarbons: perylene radical salts

Crystal structures, temperature dependent thermopower and conductivity measurements of several metallic perylene radical salt phases are discussed

Metallic coordination polymers using CS2 as starting material

Organic polymers with "metallic" properties have found widespread interest during the last few years. Acetylene and aniline as well as different nitrogen and sulfur heterocycles have been used as starting materials. One main problem hampering the technical application of these solids up to now is their environmental and thermal instability. Therefore, we introduced metal ions to stabilize polymeric backbones with high electrical conductivity. Because of the enormous coordination ability of sulfur to many transition metal ions we decided to use a polymeric carbon-sulfur backbone

Analysis of Oscillating Combustion for NOx-Reduction in Pulverized Fuel Boilers

Thermal power plants in different fields are regularly adapted to the state-of-the-art emissions standards, applying “The Best Available Techniques Reference”. Since 2016 in the power plant area new, more stringent limits for power plant units with a thermal output of more than 300 MW operated with black coal are valid. Usually, in order to reach the new limits e.g., for NOX emissions, downstream reduction processes (Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction, SNCR or Selective Catalytic eduction) are applied, which use of operating resources (essentially ammonia water) thereby increase. By the means of an xperimentally validated process, by which pulverized fuel is fed by oscillation through a swirl burner into a pilot ombustion chamber with a thermal output of 2.5 MW, nitrogen oxides can be reduced without further activities, for nstance from 450 mg/mN3 in non-oscillation operation mode (0 Hz) to 280 mg/mN3 in oscillation operation mode (3.5 Hz), normalized to an O2–content of 6% each. These findings were patented in EP3084300. Particularly promising are the experiments which utilize oscillation of a large portion of the burn out air instead of the fuel in order to minimize the fatigue of the pulverized fuel oscillator, amongst others. Thereby, the nitrogen conversion rate, which describes the ratio of NOX to fuel nitrogen, including thermal NOX can be reduced from 26% for non-oscillation operation mode down to 6%. The present findings show that fuel oscillation alone is not sufficient to achieve nitrogen oxides concentrations below the legislative values. Therefore, a combination of different primary (and secondary) measures is required. This paper presents the experimental results for oscillating coal-dust firing. Furthermore, an expert model based on a multivariate regression is developed to evaluate the experimental results

The double-stack structure of di(3,4-ethylenedithio-3',4'-dimethyl-2,2',5,5'-tetrathiafulvalenium)perchlorate, (DIMET)2ClO4

2C10H10S6 1/2+.ClO-4 , M r= 744·62, triclinic, PI, α=7·000 (2), b =7·824 (3), c = 27·010 (14) A, α = 88· 10 (4), β= 89·02 (4), Y = 74· 58 (3)°, V = 1425 A 3, Z=2, Dx=1·73gcm-3, λ( MoKa) = 0·7107 A, μ= 10·1 cm-1, F(000) = 762, room temperature, final R = 0.063 for 3076 observed independent reflections. Two crystallographically independent DIMET molecules each with an average charge of ½+ form stacks, which run nearly perpendicularly to one another. Within each stack, two different interplanar spacings between adjacent parallel molecules are found. These overlap patterns are similar to those found in tetrahydrofuran solvate. The stacks are arranged side by side perpendicular to the long molecular axis to give a sheet-like arrangement

Literary-theoretical Transformations of Social Models

This study investigates transformations of classical antiquity oikonomia and chrematistics from the Middle Ages to the present-day.From an ancient- historical, philosophical, literary and cultural-science perspective, it reconstructs exemplary acquisitions and reinterpretations of economic knowledge. The study argues that the modern economy has benefited from transformation relationships with the oikonomia of classical antiquity, which exhibit no unambiguously economic, efficient and profit-maximising character. For this reason, in addition to actual historical aspects, our interest also includes issues relating to the poetology of economic knowledge, the metaphorology and scenaristics of the house, the theoretical, narrative and literary representation economies and the promotion of ‘economy’ to an ordering category per se

Structure of anthra[9,1-cd:10,5-d'd']bis[1,2]-diselenole (TSA) and of its partially oxidized, metallic polyiodide TSA I1.2

Tetraselenaanthracene' (TSA), C 14H6Se4' M r = 490·04, crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2 1/n with a = 9·318 (3), b = 4·111 (1), c = 16·035 (4) A,β = 90·43 (2)°, V = 614·3 A3, Z = 2, d c = 2·65 Mg m-3• R = 0·030 for 1039 observed reflections. The planar molecules form stacks along b with an interplanar separation of 3·59 A. The normals to the molecular planes are inclined at 29° to the stacking axis. Short intermolecular Se-Se contacts exist between adjacent stacks, the shortest one being 3·467 (1) A. 'Tetraselenaanthracenium iodide' (TSA I 1.2), C14H6I 1.20Se4' Mr = 642·32, is monoclinic, P2 1/c, with a = 18·644 (12), b = 3·856 (2), c = 19·746(12)A,β= 93.36 (5)0,.V= 1417·1A3, dc = 3·01 Mg m-3• R = 0·118 for 1080 observed reflections

The preparation of new metallic charge-transfer complexes: anthra [9.1-cd:10.5-c'd'] bis [1.2] dithiol (TTA), -diselenol (TSA) and their polyiodides

The donors TTA and TSA were prepared starting from 1.5-dichloro-9.10-anthracenedione which was converted into 1.5.9.10-tetrachloroan-thracene (TCA) by two alternating chlorination and elimination steps. TCA was reacted under a dry argon atmosphere with suspensions of Na2S2 and Na2Se2 to yield TTA and TSA, respectively. Action of elemental iodine gives highly conductive polyiodides of both donors. Single crystals of TSA·I1.2 actually behave metallic between 220 and 300 K. The X-ray structure of TSA and TSA·I1.2 allows a comparison of intermolecular distances in the neutral and the partially oxidized, ionic stacks of the donor