Crossing over

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Crossing Over : Fiddle and Dance Studies from around the North Atlantic 3

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“The folklore treasure there is astounding” : Reappraising Margaret Sargent McTaggart’s Contribution to the Documentation of Newfoundland Folksong at Mid-Century

In 1949, anthropologist Marius Barbeau recruited Margaret Sargent, a young classically trained musician from Ontario to work for him at the National Museum of Canada. As the first ever musicologist to be employed by this institution, Sargent’s first task was to transfer Barbeau’s wax cylinder sound recordings to magnetic tape. While working on Barbeau’s massive collection, Sargent became interested in collecting folksongs and proposed to him the idea of going to Newfoundland to do research. With Barbeau’s support, in 1950 she spent eight weeks in the province, collecting folksongs, fiddle tunes, and other folklore materials mainly in St. John’s and Branch. Despite launching the first Canadian funded research into Newfoundland’s folksong traditions, little is known about Sargent’s activities for the National Museum mainly because she published nothing of her Newfoundland work. Instead, her successor Kenneth Peacock is often viewed as launching this research. Although Peacock later visited the province six times, eventually publishing a three-volume collection Songs of the Newfoundland Outports (1965), it was Sargent who initiated the Museum’s folksong research program in that province. This essay, which is based in part on interviews with Sargent, as well as her field notes and tapes, provides a detailed account of her Newfoundland fieldwork and of the kinds of material she was able to acquire during her one summer of fieldwork. It highlights the fieldwork challenges Sargent faced while in Newfoundland and how her groundbreaking fieldwork paved the way for Peacock’s later research.En 1949, l’anthropologue Marius Barbeau recruta Margaret Sargent, jeune musicienne de formation classique de l’Ontario, pour travailler avec lui au Musée national du Canada. En tant que première musicologue jamais employée par cette institution, la première tâche de Sargent fut de transférer les enregistrements des cylindres phonographiques de cire sur bande magnétique. Tandis qu’elle travaillait à la massive collection de Barbeau, Sargent commença à s’intéresser à la collecte de chansons folkloriques et lui proposa de se rendre à Terre-Neuve pour effectuer des recherches. En 1950, avec l’appui de Barbeau, elle passa huit semaines dans la province, recueillant des chansons, des airs de violon et d’autres matériaux folkloriques, principalement à Saint-John’s et à Branch. Mais, bien qu’elle ait réalisé la première recherche subventionnée dans le domaine des traditions de la chanson folklorique à Terre-Neuve, les activités de Sargent pour le Musée national sont peu connues, car elle n’a rien publié de son travail à Terre-Neuve. Au lieu de cela, son successeur, Kenneth Peacock, est souvent considéré comme étant celui qui a inauguré cette recherche. Bien que par la suite Peacock ait visité six fois la province et qu’il ait fini par publier un recueil en trois volumes des Songs of the Newfoundland Outports (1965), c’est Sargent qui avait lancé le programme de recherche en chansons folkloriques du Musée dans cette province. Cet article, qui se base en partie sur des entrevues avec Sargent autant que sur ses notes de terrain et ses enregistrements, relate en détail son travail de terrain à Terre-Neuve et décrit le type de matériaux qu’elle put recueillir au cours de son été passé sur le terrain. Il souligne les défis auxquels Sargent avait eu à faire face sur le terrain à Terre-Neuve et comment son travail précurseur a facilité plus tard les recherches de Peacock

An Investigation of Counterfactual Thinking in Individuals Diagnosed with Diabetes

Diabetes affects both the physical and emotional well-being of over 34 million Americans. Thus, it is important to investigate the psychological factors that can influence appropriate diabetes self-care. The present study investigates how counterfactual thinking is related to the coping strategies of an individual with diabetes. The study utilizes a mixed-methods approach, consisting of a quantitative survey which assesses psychosocial factors, and a qualitative interview. The interview includes questions about the participant’s thoughts and feelings regarding their experience with diabetes. The sample consists of 53 participants (15 males and 37 females, and 1 failed to identify sex). Results suggest that an increase in ruminative brooding is significantly associated with higher levels of guilt. Furthermore, these higher levels of guilt are strongly associated with increased behavioral disengagement, a maladaptive coping strategy. Notably, self-blame and behavioral disengagement are significantly correlated with one another. Finally, high levels of self-blame are significantly associated with lower levels of diabetes self- efficacy. This evidence suggests that certain types of counterfactual thoughts may undermine appropriate diabetes self-care, which is essential to the prevention of serious complications, such as blindness and amputation. Further research on counterfactual thinking may assist in the design of educational initiatives to encourage successful diabetes self-care

Predictors for Using a HIV Self-Test Among Migrant and Seasonal Farmworkers in North Carolina

Background: Approximately, two million migrant and seasonal farmworkers (MSF) work in the United States annually. Several factors, such as lack of access to healthcare services and health behaviors, contribute to risk of HIV transmission. Relatively few studies have explored MSF knowledge of HIV transmission and testing options. Methods: A 12-question, self-administered survey of farmworkers (n = 178) from 19 migrant camps was conducted. The survey assessed knowledge of factors related to HIV transmission, testing, and intention to use a HIV home-test kit. Results: Participants with knowledge of treatment for HIV (p = 0.03) and that condom use protects against HIV (p = 0.04) were more willing to express intent to use a home test kit than those with less knowledge. Concern among farmworkers that HIV was a very or somewhat serious problem in their community was associated with expressing intent to use a home test kit (OR = 2.3, 95% CI = 0.92–5.5). Respondents with less knowledge were less likely to use a home test kit. Conclusions: MSF were concerned about HIV in their community and would be willing to use to a home test kit. This pilot study provides a basis for additional research related to HIV testing within the MSF community.ECU Open Access Publishing Support Fun