Reconciling the stratigraphy and depositional history of the Lycian orogen-top basins, SW Anatolia

Terrestrial fossil records from the SWAnatolian basins are crucial both for regional correlations and palaeoenvironmental reconstructions. By reassessing biostratigraphic constraints and incorporating new fossil data, we calibrated and reconstructed the late Neogene andQuaternary palaeoenvironments within a regional palaeogeographical framework. The culmination of the Taurides inSWAnatolia was followed by a regional crustal extension from the late Tortonian onwards that created a broad array of NE-trending orogen-top basins with synchronic associations of alluvial fan, fluvial and lacustrine deposits. The terrestrial basins are superimposed on the upper Burdigalian marine units with a c. 7 myr of hiatus that corresponds to a shift from regional shortening to extension. The initial infill of these basins is documented by a transition from marginal alluvial fans and axial fluvial systems into central shallow-perennial lakes coinciding with a climatic shift from warm/humid to arid conditions. The basal alluvial fan deposits abound in fossil macro-mammals of an early Turolian (MN11–12; late Tortonian) age. The Pliocene epoch in the region was punctuated by subhumid/humid conditions resulting in a rise of local base levels and expansion of lakes as evidenced by marsh-swamp deposits containing diverse fossilmammal assemblages indicating late Ruscinian (lateMN15; late Zanclean) ageWe are grateful for the support of the international bilateral project between The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) and The Russian Scientific Foundation (RFBR) with grant a number of 111Y192. M.C.A. is grateful to the Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA) for a GEBIP (Young Scientist Award) grant. T.K. and S.M. are grateful to the Ege University Scientific Research Center for the TTM/002/2016 and TTM/001/2016 projects. M.C.A., H.A., S.M. and M.B. have obtained Martin and Temmick Fellowships at Naturalis Biodiversity Center (Leiden). F.A.D. is supported by a Mehmet Akif Ersoy University Scientific Research Grant. T.A.N. is supported by an Alexander-von-Humboldt Scholarship. L.H.O. received support from TUBITAK under the 2221 program for visiting scientists

Afyon Gebeceler orta miyosen yaşlı memeli fosil lokalitesindeki koprolit bulguların analizi

Koprolit (fosil dışkı) Dünya'da ve Türkiye'de çok az sayıda memeli fosil lokalitelerinde kayıtlanmıştır. Koprolitler, çeşitli mikroskopi ve jeokimyasal analizlerin gelişmesiyle, fosil lokalitelerinin tafonomik süreçleri hakkında daha detaylı bilgi vermektedir. Koprolitler, geçmişin av-avcı ilişkisinin en somut kanıtlarını sunması nedeniyle, son yıllarda giderek önem kazanmıştır. Türkiye'de koprolitler üzerine yapılan çalışmalar son derece sınırlıdır. Bu çalışmada, Orta Miyosen yaşlı (13,5 m.y) Afyon-Gebeceler memeli fosil yatağında bulunan koprolitler (86 adet) yıkıcı olmayan (biyometrik ve morfolojik) analizlerle çalışılmış ve Ankara-Çandır ve Sinap memeli memeli fosil yataklarındaki koprolitler ile biyometrik ve morfolojik açıdan benzerlikler gösterdiği saptanmıştır. Yapılan karşılaştırmalar sonucunda, Gebeceler örneklerinin Çandır faunasında tanımlanmış kemik kırıcı karnivor türüne (Percrocuta tungurensis) ait olan örnekler ile benzerlik gösterdiği saptanmıştır. P.tungurensis'ın diş ve iskelet yapısı, leş yiyici ve açık ormanlık alanlarda yaşayan avcı bir forma işaret eder.Coprolites (fossil feces) were recorded at few localities from all around the world and Turkey. Coprolite findings give significant data about taphonomical process of fossil localities with the improvement of various microscopy and geochemical analysis. Especially, this analysis provides the most exact evidence about the history of predator-prey relationship that opens a window into the past. However coprolite studies in Turkey are very limited. As a result of this study, Middle Miocene (13, 5 Ma) locality of Gebeceler coprolites with Ankara-Çandır and Ankara-Sinap coprolites were examined biometrically and morphologically (non-Destructive) which showed close resemblage among these localities. According to the comparisons the coprolites of a bone crusher carnivore species (Percrocuta tungurensis) that was described in Çandır fauna were found to resemble to the coprolites found in Gebeceler locality. In paleoecological point of view, as P.tungurensis is generalized scavengers they were well adopted to open woodlands

Giraffidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla) fossiles du Turolien inférieur de Kavakdere (Anatolie centrale, Turquie)

Le site fossilifère de Kavakdere est l’une des nombreuses localités importantes d’Anatolie contenant des mammifères fossiles du Miocène supérieur. Les études taxonomiques antérieures ont révélé une pléthore de taxa. Cependant, les Giraffidae fossiles de cette localité du Turolien inférieur ont été jusqu’à présent peu documentés. De nouvelles données détaillées, des comparaisons et des analyses métriques utilisant tous les spécimens de Giraffidae accessibles de Kavakdere suggèrent la co-occurrence de cinq différents taxons de giraffidés. Ils incluent Helladotherium duvernoyi, Bramatherium perimense et Palaeotragus rouenii . Deux différents samothériinés sont aussi identifiés; le plus petit Bramatherium boissieri et le plus grand Palaeotragus rouenii. Ce dernier n’est connu que dans le Turolien d’Iran et de Chine du Nord. L’occurrence d’A. neumayri à Kavakdere constitue le premier enregistrement fossile de ce taxon dans une localité occidentale, suggérant une présence plus dominante d’Alcicephalus dans le biome pikermien.The fossiliferous site at Kavakdere is one of many important late Miocene fossil mammal-bearing localities in Anatolia. Previous taxonomic studies on its fauna have revealed a plethora of taxa. However, the fossil Giraffidae from this early Turolian locality were until now poorly documented. New comprehensive descriptions, comparisons and metric analyses using all accessible Giraffidae specimens from Kavakdere suggest the co-occurrence of five different giraffid taxa. These include Helladotherium duvernoyi, Bramatherium perimense and Palaeotragus rouenii. Two different samotheriines are also identified; the smaller Samotherium boissieri and the larger Alcicephalus neumayri. The latter is only known from the Turolian of Iran and North China. The occurrence of A. neumayri at Kavakdere constitutes the first fossil record of this taxon from a western locality, suggesting a more dominant presence of Alcicephalus in the Pikermian biome.</p