PERANAN CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR DALAMMENINGKATKAN DAYA ADAPTASI BIBIT KELAPA SAWITTERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN PADA MEDIA TANAHGAMBUT

In a long dried season, oil palm plant that planted in peat soil will hindered by drought stress. Drought stress is one of the main limiting factors in growth, nutrient uptake and yield of oil palm. One of the alternatives to overcome this drought stress problem on many plants is through inoculation with AMF. This research was conducted to observe the adaptability of oil palm seedling inoculated with AMF on drought stress in peat of used forest soil.  The experiment on this soil type was arranged in a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with two factors. The first factor was AMF inoculation (M0= without AMF and M1 = inoculation of AMF) and the second factor was drought stress levels (available water 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%). Research  result indicates  that AMF inoculation improved the adaptability of oil palm seedling on every level of drought stress, as shown by the responses of growth and nutrient uptake. The adaptation of non-inoculated seedling on drought stress was solely by tolerance mechanism, either osmoregulation as shown by higher production level of osmoticum components or cell turgor regulation by leaf ABA accumulation. On the inoculated seedlings, however, there were synergism between those two tolerance mechanism and escape mechanism.  Two important escape mechanisms were intensifying root system and decreasing transpiration surface of seedlings.   Key words : oil palm, AMF, drought stress, adaptation mechanis

Pertumbuhan Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Belum Menghasilkan (TBM I) pada Pemberian Mikoriza Indigen dan Dosis Pupuk Organik di Lahan Marjinal

Abstrak. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit belum menghasilkan (TBM I) pada pemberian mikoriza indigen dan dosis pupuk organik di lahan marjinal (Ultisol).  Percobaan ini terdiri dari dua faktor perlakuan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok.  Faktor pertama adalah mikoriza terdiri dari dua taraf (M0: tanpa inokulasi mikoriza serta M1 : dengan inokulasi mikoriza jenis Glomus sp-16), serta  faktor kedua, pemberian dosis pupuk organik, terdiri atas lima taraf  (P0 =  tanpa pupuk organik, P1 = 25%  dosis anjuran  pupuk organik kompos kotoran sapi, P2 = 50%  dosis anjuran pupuk organik kompos kotoran sapi, P3 = 75%  dosis anjuran pupuk organik kompos kotoran sapi, dan P4 = 100% dosis anjuran pupuk organik kompos kotoran sapi.  Hasil penelitian menunjukkan Pemberian mikoriza dan berbagai dosis  pupuk kompos kotoran sapi serta interaksi antara pemberian mikoriza dan berbagai dosis  pupuk kompos kotoran sapi mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit belum menghasilkan (TBM 1) umur 6 bulan yang ditanam di lahan marjinal.  Pemberian mikoriza dan pupuk kompos kotoran sapi dengan dosis 75% dari dosis rekomendasi mampu meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman kelapa sawit belum menghasilkan (TBM 1) yang terbaik di lahan marjinal.   Kata Kunci: lahan marjinal, ultisol, mikoriza, pupuk organik, kelapa sawi

ISOLASI, IDENTIFIKASI DAN PEMURNIAN CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR (CMA) DARI TANAH BEKAS TAMBANG BATU BARA (Isolation, Identification and Purification of Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF) from Coal Post Mining Soil)

oai:ojs.pkp.sfu.ca:article/1723Land of coal post-mining is the critical area that generally can not becultivated due to very low levels of fertility of the land, so this landbecomes slighted. One of the alternatives to overcome this problem isthrough inoculation with Arbuscular Mycorrhiza Fungi (AMF).Indigenous AMF (from coal post-mining location) is more potential AMFdeveloping in that area. Therefore, isolation, identification and purificationsteps of AMF spores are required. The objective of this study was toisolate, identify, and purify of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi from coal postmining area. The study had identified that at this soil was found 3 AMFgenuses, i.e. Glomus, Acaulospora, and Gigaspora. On coal post-miningsoil was found 20 strains of AMF (13 strains of Glomus, 3 strains ofAcaulospora, and 1 strain of Gigaspora). In this soil was dominated byGlomus. Strain’s AMF that was successful isolated from single sporeculture was 4 strains i.e. Glomus sp-3, Glomus sp-6, Glomus sp-15, danGlomus sp-16

TANGGAP BIBIT KARET (Hevea brasiliensis Mull. Arg) TERHADAP PEMBERIAN MIKORIZA VESIKULAR ARBUSKULAR DAN PUPUK FOSFOR DI POLYBAG Rubber Seedling Response (Hevea Brasiliensis Mull. Arg) To The Application Of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizae and Phosphorus F

This research was conducted to determine the response of rubber seedlings to the application of vesicular arbuscular Mycorrhiza (VAM) and phosphorus (P). The design used in this study was completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors: VAM and phosphorus doses. The treatment is VAM doses consisting of 3 levels of mycorrhiza, that is, without mycorrhizae, 10 g/polybag , 20 g/polybag and the provision of phosphorus which consists of 5 levels i.e. without phosphorus, 25% of the recommended dose, 50% of the recommended dose, 75% of the recommended dose , 100% of the recommended dose. Each treatment was repeated 3 times so that there are 45 units of the experiment. Thevariables observed were seedlings height, seedling, diameter, total leaf area, leaf number, root dry weight, shoot dry weight, and percentage of mycorrhizal infection. The results showed that the mycorrhizal 10 g/polybag and 75% of phosphorus of the recommended dose is the best dosage on the growth of rubber seedlings.Key words : Rubber seedling, VAM, Phosphoru

Thibaq dan muqabalah dalam kitab zubad karya As-Syeikh Al-Imam Ibnu Ruslan As-Syafi'i

ملخص البحث أيلس كرتك: الطّباق والمقابلة في كتاب الزبد للشيخ الإمام ابن رسلان الشافعى (دراسة علم البديع) كتاب الزبد للشيخ الإمام ابن رسلان الشافعى هو الكتاب الذي يحتوي قوانين الفقه. فيه الأبيات تحتوي على الطباق والمقابلة فيها جمال في لفظ ومعناه. الطباق هو الجمع بين متقابلين في الجميلة والمقابلة هو أيّؤتيَ بمعنينِ أوأكثرَ, ثمّ يؤتيَ بما يقابلُ ذالك على التّرتيبِ. وهكذا, بحث بعنوان الطّباق والمقابلة في كتاب الزبد للشيخ الإمام ابن رسلان الشافعى. أغراض هذا البحث 1) لمعرفة انواع الطّباق وشكله في كتاب الزّبد للشيخ الإمام ابن رسلان الشافعى 2) لمعرفة أنواع المقابلة في كتاب الزّبد للشيخ الإمام ابن رسلان الشافعى 3) لمعرفة أغراض الطّباق والمقابلة في كتاب الزّبد للشيخ الإمام ابن رسلان الشافعى. واما المنهج الذى يستعمل فى تحليل البيانات والإستنتاج منها هو المنهج الوصفى يعنى ان تدوّن البيانات وتصفّيها. والبيانات نوعيه وهي النصوص النظام التى فيها الطباق، وطريقة جمع البيانات هي دراسة مكتبية، والمدخل الذي يستعمل في هذه البحث هو علم البديع. ونتيجة هذا البحث, جملة تحتوي طباق يوجد 31 البيانات تتكون من طباق الأجابى و طباق السلبى. طباق الأجابى يوجد 22 اي 19 طباق الأجابى بينه يتكون من شكل اسم (اسمين), 1 فعل (فعلين) و 2 شكل اسم وفعل (مخلفين). في حين 9 طباق السلبى يتكو من 3 شكل اسم (اسمين) 2 فعل (فعلين) و4 شكل اسم وفعل (مخلفين). اسلوب المقابلة غلبها موجود في الثاني الكلمة او أكثر ثم عوض بالكلماة يقابل الترتيب. أنواع المقابلة في الكتاب الزبد, جملة تحتوي المقابلة يوجد 6 مقابلة, بينها يوجد 5 مقابلة اثنان الى اثنين و 1 المقابلة ثلاثة الى ثلاثة. وأما أغراض الطباق فهي كمايلي: إرجاع إلى تحسين المعنى أولا، وإن كان بعضها قد يفيد تحسين اللفظ أيضا وإيزاد المعنى حسنا

PERANAN CENDAWAN MIKORIZA ARBUSKULAR DALAMMENINGKATKAN DAYA ADAPTASI BIBIT KELAPA SAWITTERHADAP CEKAMAN KEKERINGAN PADA MEDIA TANAHGAMBUT

In a long dried season, oil palm plant that planted in peat soil will hindered by drought stress. Drought stress is one of the main limiting factors in growth, nutrient uptake and yield of oil palm. One of the alternatives to overcome this drought stress problem on many plants is through inoculation with AMF. This research was conducted to observe the adaptability of oil palm seedling inoculated with AMF on drought stress in peat of used forest soil.  The experiment on this soil type was arranged in a Factorial Completely Randomized Design with two factors. The first factor was AMF inoculation (M0= without AMF and M1 = inoculation of AMF) and the second factor was drought stress levels (available water 100%, 75%, 50% and 25%). Research  result indicates  that AMF inoculation improved the adaptability of oil palm seedling on every level of drought stress, as shown by the responses of growth and nutrient uptake. The adaptation of non-inoculated seedling on drought stress was solely by tolerance mechanism, either osmoregulation as shown by higher production level of osmoticum components or cell turgor regulation by leaf ABA accumulation. On the inoculated seedlings, however, there were synergism between those two tolerance mechanism and escape mechanism.  Two important escape mechanisms were intensifying root system and decreasing transpiration surface of seedlings.   Key words : oil palm, AMF, drought stress, adaptation mechanis

TINGKAT KEBERHASILAN SAMBUNGAN DAN PERTUMBUHAN BIBIT KOPI ROBUSTA (COFFEA ROBUSTA L.) HASIL GRAFTING PADA PEMBERIAN BERBAGAI JENIS MIKORIZA DAN KETINGGIAN BATANG BAWAH

The aim of this research was to obtain the mycorrhizae type and rootstockheight which was able to increase the grafting success, the growth and P uptake of grafted robusta coffee seedlings. This experiment is a two-factor factorial experiment using a completely randomized design of three replications. The first factor was mycorrhizal inoculation consisting of six levels, namely without mycorrhizal inoculation, inoculation of Glomus sp-3, Glomus sp-6, Glomus sp-15, Glomus sp-16, and mixed of Glomus sp-3, sp-6, sp-15, sp-16. The second factor is the rootstock height which consists of five levels, namely 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 cm from base of the root. The results showed that the best growth and P uptake of grafted robusta coffee seedlings on various types of mycorrhizae were obtained at a 15 cm from the root baserootstock height. The growth and P uptake of grafted robusta coffee seedlings at rootstock heights obtained in the mixed ofGlomus sp-3, sp-6, sp-15, sp-16. The grafting success of the mycorrhizal grafted robusta coffee seedlings is 100% and the without mycorrhizal grafted robusta coffee seedlings are 79.87%, while at various rootstock heights  ranges from 95.83 to 97.22%.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan jenis mikoriza dan ketinggian batang bawah yang mampu meningkatkan keberhasilan sambungan sertapertumbuhan dan serapan P bibit kopi robustahasil grafting.  Percobaan ini merupakan percobaan faktorial dua faktor menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap tiga ulangan. Faktor pertama adalah inokulasi mikoriza yang  terdiri dari enam taraf  yaitu tanpa inokulasi mikoriza, inokulasiGlomus sp-3, Glomus sp-6, Glomus sp-15, Glomus sp-16, sertagabungan Glomus sp-3, sp-6, sp-15, sp-16.  Faktor kedua berupa ketinggian batang bawah yang  terdiri atas lima  taraf  yaitu ketinggian batang bawah 5, 10, 15, 20dan 25 cm dari pangkal akar.Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa pertumbuhan dan serapan P bibit kopi robusta hasil grafting terbaik pada berbagai jenis mikoriza diperoleh pada ketinggian batang bawah 15 cm dari pengkal akar.  Pertumbuhan dan serapan P bibit kopi robusta hasil grafting pada berbagai ketinggian batang bawah diperoleh pada jenis mikoriza gabungan Glomus sp-3, sp-6, sp-15, sp-16. Tingkat keberhasilan penyambungan bibit kopi robusta bermikoriza adalah 100% dan bibit yang tidak bermikoriza sebesar 79.87 %, sedangkan pada berbagai ketinggian batang bawah berkisar anatar 95.83  sampai 97.22 %.  &nbsp

Variabilitas Karakter Morfologi Pada Populasi Kelapa (Cocos nusifera L.) Di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan informasi tentang variabilitas karakter morfologi kelapa serta mendapatkan informasi tentang adanya korelasi antar karakter kuantitatif kelapa di Kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat. Penelitian dilaksanakan di 8 kecamatan yang terdapat di kabupaten Tanjung Jabung Barat provinsi Jambi, yaitu: kecamatan Batang Asam, kecamatan Renah Mendaluh, kecamatan Pengabuan, kecamatan Senyerang, kecamatan Tungkal Ilir, kecamatan Bram Itam, kecamatan Betara, dan kecamatan Kuala Betara. Penelitian dimulai bulan Agustus sampai dengan bulan September 2020, menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif. Data diperoleh melalui survei dan wawancara terhadap petani pemilik tanaman kelapa. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan proportional stratified random sampling yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel dengan memperhatikan strata atau tingkatan proporsi sampel yang diambil pada tanaman. Variabel yang diamati secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif yaitu warna buah, bentuk buah, bentuk cangkang, lingkar buah, panjang buah, jumlah buah per tandan, lingkar batang, berat buah, jumlah tandan buah, panjang tangkai tandan, panjang tangkai daun, dan panjang pelepah daun. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya kriteria sangat sempit, luas, dan sangat luas yang ditemukan pada karakter yang diukur secara kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Karakter dengan kriteria sangat sempit yaitu warna buah, lingkar buah, panjang buah, lingkar batang, panjang tangkai tandan, panjang tangkai daun dan panjang pelepah daun. Karakter dengan kriteria luas dan sangat luas yaitu berat buah, bentuk buah, bentuk cangkang, jumlah buah, dan jumlah tandan. Sedangkan hasil analisis korelasi menunjukkan adanya korelasi antar karakter komponen hasil yaitu a) karakter panjang buah berkorelasi positif dengan lingkar buah, b) jumlah buah berkorelasi negatif dengan lingkar buah dan panjang buah, c) berat buah berkorelasi positif dengan lingkar buah dan panjang buah namun berkorelasi negatif dengan jumlah buah, d) jumlah tandan berkorelasi positif dengan jumlah buah, e) lingkar batang berkorelasi positif dengan panjang buah. Sedangkan korelasi yang bukan komponen hasil yaitu, f) panjang tangkai daun berkorelasi positif dengan lingkar batang, dan g) panjang pelepah daun berkorelasi positif dengan panjang tangkai daun

Tanggap Tanaman Tomat (Lycopersicum esculentum. Mill) Terhadap Pemberian Kombinasi Pupuk Organik dan Pupuk Anorganik (Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum. Mill) response to organic and inorganic fertilizers combination)

Low soil fertility is one of the main factors responsible for low productivity of tomato in Jambi Province. Soil fertility can be presumably enhanced by organic and inorganic fertilizers application. The objective of this experiment was to investigate the effect of different organic and inorganic fertilizers combination  on  plant growth and yield. One of the liquid organic fertilizer  that commonly  used     is Hantu organic fertilizer.  The research design was Randomized Block design, the treatment is organic fertilizer Hantu combined with various doses of inorganic fertilizers, 2000 ppm of organic fertilizer +  0.0 % of inorganic fertilizers, 2000 ppm of organic fertilizer + 25.0 % of inorganic fertilizers, 2000 ppm of organic fertilizer + 50.0 % of inorganic fertilizers, 2000 ppm of organic fertilizer + 75.0 % of inorganic fertilizers, 2000 ppm of organic fertilizer + 100% of inorganic fertilizers and 0.0 ppm of organic fertilizers +100% of inorganic fertilizers. Variables measured were plant height, plant dry weight, number of flowers per plant, number of fruits per plant, percentage of flowers become fruit, and fruit weight per plant. The results showed that application of 2000 ppm of organic fertilizer and 75.0 % of inorganic fertilizers showed the best growth and yield of tomato plants.      Keywords: Hantu organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, tomat