La protección consular mexicana y la precarización de las y los trabajadores agrícolas temporales en Canadá

"El Programa de Trabajadores Agrícolas Temporales México-Canadá (PTAT) es un esquema de contratación de personas migrantes mexicanas para laborar en la industria canadiense. Quienes participan presentan diversos problemas, por lo que el gobierno mexicano les ofrece protección y asistencia a través de sus consulados en Canadá. No obstante, estos servicios pueden resultar ineficientes e incluso precarizar aún más la estancia de las personas migrantes, a pesar del mandato de proteger sus intereses. El artículo responde a la pregunta ¿por qué la protección consular mexicana precariza la estancia de las y los trabajadores del PTAT?

La protección consular mexicana y la precarización de las y los trabajadores agrícolas temporales en Canadá

The Seasonal Agricultural Workers Program Mexico-Canada (SAWP) is a mechanism for employing Mexican migrants in Canadian industry. Because participants in this program face numerous challenges, the Mexican government offers them protection and support through its consulates across Canada. Nevertheless, these services may prove inefficient and can even render migrants’ stay more precarious. This article addresses the question of why Mexican consular protection results in a precarious stay for SAWP workers. El Programa de Trabajadores Agrícolas Temporales México-Canadá (PTAT) es un esquema de contratación de personas migrantes mexicanas para laborar en la industria canadiense. Quienes participan presentan diversos problemas, por lo que el gobierno mexicano les ofrece protección y asistencia a través de sus consulados en Canadá. No obstante, estos servicios pueden resultar ineficientes e incluso precarizar aún más la estancia de las personas migrantes, a pesar del mandato de proteger sus intereses. El artículo responde a la pregunta ¿por qué la protección consular mexicana precariza la estancia de las y los trabajadores del PTAT?

Ventanillas de salud: desafíos en el acceso a servicios de salud de inmigrantes mexicanos en EE.UU.

The 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) improved access to healthcare in the United States. However, immigrants -especially those undocumented- still faced difficulties, which have increased during the Trump administration. In order to bring access to health services to its nationals, the Mexican government has implemented the Health Windows Program (Ventanillas de Salud, or VDS). The article reviews changes in the U.S. healthcare system from the ACA to date, and assesses the role of VDS. The methodology is qualitative, consisting of a literature review, interviews with community leaders and Mexican government officials, and questionnaires sent to four VDS: Arizona, Florida, Idaho and Texas. Results show that VDS provide reliable and affordable access to basic healthcare services, and detection of chronic and non-communicable diseases, especially within undocumented immigrants. Public policy recommendations are offered based on these findings. Limitations of the study include the data collected, which is non-representative of all VDS.En 2010 el Affordable Care Act (ACA) brindó mayor acceso a la salud en Estados Unidos, pero los inmigrantes aún enfrentan dificultades, particularmente los indocumentados. Para brindar acceso a servicios de salud a sus connacionales, el gobierno mexicano creó el programa Ventanillas de Salud (VDS). El artículo analiza cambios en el sistema de salud de Estados Unidos a partir del ACA y el papel de las VDS. La metodología cualitativa incluye: revisión de literatura, entrevistas a líderes comunitarios y miembros del gobierno mexicano y cuestionarios enviados a cuatro VDS: Arizona, Florida, Idaho y Texas. Los resultados demuestran que las vds proveen información confiable, acceso económico a servicios de salud, detección temprana de enfermedades crónicas y no transmisibles, especialmente para inmigrantes indocumentados. Se presentan recomendaciones de política pública basadas en evidencias. Las limitaciones radican en que los datos de las cuatro VDS no son representativos de todo el programa.

AMAZONIA CAMTRAP: A data set of mammal, bird, and reptile species recorded with camera traps in the Amazon forest

The Amazon forest has the highest biodiversity on Earth. However, information on Amazonian vertebrate diversity is still deficient and scattered across the published, peer-reviewed, and gray literature and in unpublished raw data. Camera traps are an effective non-invasive method of surveying vertebrates, applicable to different scales of time and space. In this study, we organized and standardized camera trap records from different Amazon regions to compile the most extensive data set of inventories of mammal, bird, and reptile species ever assembled for the area. The complete data set comprises 154,123 records of 317 species (185 birds, 119 mammals, and 13 reptiles) gathered from surveys from the Amazonian portion of eight countries (Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela). The most frequently recorded species per taxa were: mammals: Cuniculus paca (11,907 records); birds: Pauxi tuberosa (3713 records); and reptiles: Tupinambis teguixin (716 records). The information detailed in this data paper opens up opportunities for new ecological studies at different spatial and temporal scales, allowing for a more accurate evaluation of the effects of habitat loss, fragmentation, climate change, and other human-mediated defaunation processes in one of the most important and threatened tropical environments in the world. The data set is not copyright restricted; please cite this data paper when using its data in publications and we also request that researchers and educators inform us of how they are using these data

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data