Is it safe to use YouTube (TM) to learn about root canal preparation? Analysis of content and quality of videos

Aim: This study assessed the quality, educational content, and demographics of root canal preparation videos on YouTube (TM). Methodology: The study was performed for root canal preparation using the keywords "root canal shaping," "root canal preparation," and "root canal instrumentation" on YouTube (TM). In total, 108 English language videos shorter than 15 minutes were acquired. After evaluating the demographic characteristics, the viewing rates of the videos were estimated. The quality of the videos was assessed using DISCERN, the Global Quality Scale (GQS), and the Video Power Index (VPI). Statistical analyses of the evaluated results were performed. Results: Endodontists uploaded the most videos (32%), mainly shot on the teeth of patients (30%). The number of views and the VPI were significantly higher for the videos uploaded by commercial companies than by endodontists (p0.05). While a positive and meaningful relationship was found between DISCERN and the GQS (p0.05). Conclusion: It was highlighted that a high-quality contribution from uploaders is needed for videos posted on YouTube (TM) about root canal preparation. It is crucial to refer to high-quality sources of information

Rubber dam and application methods in dental practice

Diş hekimliği uygulamalarının çoğunluğunda izolasyon işlemigereklidir. Bu işlem için sıklıkla rubber dam yöntemi tercih edilir.Rubber dam çalışma alanının uygun bir şekilde izolasyonunusağlayarak işlemin başarısını arttırır. Bunun yanı sıra aerasololuşumunu azaltır. Günümüzde özellikle damlacık yoluyla bulaşankoronavirüs gibi enfeksiyöz hastalıklara karşı hasta, hekim vehekim yardımcılarını korur. Çalışma alanını optimal hale getirerekhekimin görüşünü arttırır ve olası ağız içi yumuşak dokuyaralanmalarının önüne geçer. Bu makalede diş hekimliğindesıklıkla kullanılan rubber dam izolasyon yöntemi anlatılmaktadır.Isolation is necessary in most dental practices. Rubber dammethod is often preferred for this process. Rubber dam improvesthe success of the process by providing proper isolation of thestudy area. In addition, it reduces aerosol formation. Today, itprotects of the operator and the dental staff and the patients frominfectious diseases such as coronavirus transmitted by droplets.By optimizing the way it works, it prevents possible soft mouthtissue injuries that you choose from the operator’s view. In thisreview article, rubber dam isolation method which is usedfrequently in dentistry is explained

Development of second primary multiple myeloma five years after treatment for limited-stage small cell lung cancer: a rare case report

Introduction. The development of a second primary malignancy (SPM) following small cell lung cancer (SCLC) has been previously reported in the literature. Especially smoking-related malignancy coupling is well known. The development of multiple myeloma (MM) in long-term survivors after treatment for SCLC is unknown. Here, we report the first case in the literature who developed MM 5 years after treatment for limited-stage SCLC. Case report. A 67-year-old male patient was diagnosed with limited-stage SCLC. After he received chemotherapy and radiotherapy, he was followed up without medication. He was admitted to the hospital with back pain and dyspnea 5 years after the diagnosis of small cell lung cancer. MRI revealed osteolytic lesions in the vertebrae. Laboratory testing revealed a markedly elevated serum IgA and an elevated serum beta-2 microglobulin level. Serum immunofixation revealed IgA lambda-type M-protein. Lambda excretion in urine immunofixation electrophoresis was observed. Bone marrow aspiration revealed the frequency of plasma cells to be 80% of all nucleated cells. Hence, the final diagnosis revealed IgA lambda free light chain MM. Treatment was given for multiple myeloma. In the follow-up, the patient experienced increased dyspnea and developed bilateral pleural effusion. The cytology sent from thoracentesis sampling was reported as plasmocyte-rich material. The patient fell into a coma and died in an intensive care unit. Conclusion. We presented the development of MM 5 years after treatment in a patient with SCLC who were treated for one year and then followed up with stable findings. It should be kept in mind that a patient with SCLC who is a long-term survivor and presents with back pain may have developed a primary malignancy originating from bone marrow rather than a bone metastasis. Patients should be advised smoking cessation after the treatment and diagnosis of SCLC. Also, the patients with SCLC who are long-term survivors should be closely monitored for the development of SPM

Predictive value of atrial electromechanical delay for atrial fibrillation recurrence

Background: We investigated the predictive value of atrial electromechanical delay (AEMD) for recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) at 1-month after cardioversion.Methods: Seventy-seven patients with persistent AF were evaluated and finally 50 patients (12 men, 38 women) were included. All patients underwent transthoracic electrical DC cardioversion under amiodarone treatment. AEMD was measured as the time interval from the onset of the P wave on electrogram (ECG) to the beginning of late diastolic wave (Am) from the ventricular annulus and atrial walls on tissue Doppler imaging, in the apical 4-chamber view 24 h after cardiversion. P wave maximum-duration (Pmax), P wave minimum-duration (Pmin) and P wave dispersion-duration (Pdis) were calculated on the 12-lead ECG at 24-h postcardioversion. We followed the heart rate and rhythm by 12-lead ECG at 24-h, 1-week and 1-month.Results: At 1-month follow-up after cardioversion, 28 (56%) patients were in sinus rhythm (SR), whereas 22 (44%) patients reverted to AF. The AEMD durations were longer in AF group than SR group (p < 0.001) and were signifi cantly correlated with Pmax and Pdis (p < 0.001 for both). For AF recurrence; duration of AF, left atrial (LA) diameter, maximum LA volume index, mitral A velocity and LA lateral AEMD were significant parameters in univariate-analysis, however LA lateral AEMD was the only significant parameter in multivariate-analysis (OR: 1.46; 95% CI 1.02–2.11; p = 0.03).Conclusions: Our results suggest that AEMD is associated with an increased risk of recurrence of AF within 1-month. These data may have implications for the identification of patients who are most likely to experience substantial benefit from cardiversion therapy for AF

First-line treatment of patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric and gastroesophageal junction cancer

Fluoropyrimidine+cisplatin/oxaliplatin+trastuzumab therapy is recommended for the first-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic gastric adenocarcinoma. However, there is no comprehensive study on which platinum-based treatment should be preferred. This study aimed to compare the treatment response and survival characteristics of patients with HER2-positive metastatic gastric or gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) cancer who received fluorouracil, oxaliplatin, and leucovorin (mFOLFOX)+trastuzumab or cisplatin and fluorouracil (CF)+trastuzumab as first-line therapy. It was a multicenter, retrospective study of the Turkish Oncology Group, which included 243 patients from 21 oncology centers. There were 113 patients in the mFOLFOX+trastuzumab arm and 130 patients in the CF+trastuzumab arm. The median age was 62 years in the mFOLFOX+trastuzumab arm and 61 years in the CF+trastuzumab arm (P = 0.495). 81.4% of patients in the mFOLFOX+trastuzumab arm and 83.1% in the CF+trastuzumab arm had gastric tumor localization (P = 0.735). The median progression-free survival (PFS) was significantly higher in the mFOLFOX+trastuzumab arm (9.4 months vs. 7.3 months, P = 0.024). The median overall survival (OS) was similar in both groups (18.4 months vs. 15.1 months, P = 0.640). Maintenance trastuzumab was continued after chemotherapy in 101 patients. In this subgroup, the median OS was 23.3 months and the median PFS was 13.3 months. In conclusion, mFOLFOX+trastuzumab is similar to CF+trastuzumab in terms of the median OS, but it is more effective in terms of the median PFS in the first-line treatment of HER2-positive metastatic gastric and GEJ cancer. The choice of treatment should be made by considering the prominent toxicity findings of the chemotherapy regimens

Biküspit aort kapaklı hastada geçici kalp bloğu: Olgu sunumu

Bicuspid aortic valve is a common congenital cardiovascular malformation. We present a case with bicuspid aorta and ascending aortic aneurysm developing transient complete heart block. This case is the first in literature to report the concurrence of bicuspid aortic valve and ascending aortic dilatation with transient complete heart block.Biküspit aort kapak sık görülen doğumsal kardiyovasküler bozukluktur. Sunduğumuz vaka biküspit aort kapak ve çıkan aort anevrizmasında gelişen geçici tam kalp bloğudur. Bu vaka biküspit aort ve çıkan aort genişlemesine geçici kalp bloğunun eşlik ettiği literatürdeki ilk vakadı