892 research outputs found

    International Liquidity And Developing Countries

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    Welding of Magnesium Alloys

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    Protective effect of Garcinia against renal oxidative stress and biomarkers induced by high fat and sucrose diet

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Obesity became major health problem in the world, the objective of this work was to examine the effect of high sucrose and high fat diet to induce obesity on antioxidant defense system, biochemical changes in blood and tissue of control, non treated and treated groups by administration of Garcinia cambogia, and explore the mechanisms that link obesity with altered renal function</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Rats were fed a standard control diet for 12 week (wk) or a diet containing 65% high sucrose (HSD) or 35% fat (HFD) for 8 wk and then HFD group divided into two groups for the following 4 wks. One group was given <it>Garcinia</it>+HFD, the second only high fat, Also the HSD divided into two groups, 1<sup>st </sup>HSD+<it>Garcinia </it>and 2<sup>nd </sup>HSD. Blood and renal, mesenteric, Perirenal and epididymal adipose tissues were collected for biochemical assays.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>HFD and HSD groups of rats showed a significant increase in feed intake, Body weight (BW) and body mass index (BMI). Also there were significant increases in weights of mesenteric, Perirenal and epididymal adipose tissues in HFD and HSD groups.</p> <p>HFD and HSD affect the kidney by increasing serum urea and creatinine levels and decreased level of nitric oxide (NO) and increased blood glucose, low density lipoproteins (LDL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and malondialdehyde (MDA). Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) activities were significantly decreased in HFD while there were significant increases in HSD and HSD+G groups p ≤ 0.05 compared with control. Moreover, renal catalase activities and MDA levels were significantly increased while NO level was lowered. These changes improved by <it>Garcinia </it>that decreased the oxidative stress biomarkers and increased NO level.</p> <p>There were significant positive correlations among BMI, kidney functions (Creatinine and urea), TG and Oxidative markers (renal MDA and catalase).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Rats fed a diet with HFD or HSD showed, hypertriglyceridemia, increased LDL production, increased oxidative stress and renal alteration. Moreover, suggesting association between lipid peroxidation, obesity and nephropathy, while <it>Garcinia </it>ameliorated the damaging effects of the HFD or HSD and decreased feed intake, MDA level and decreased oxidative stress in renal tissues.</p

    The relation of high fat diet, metabolic disturbances and brain oxidative dysfunction: modulation by hydroxy citric acid

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    <p>Abstract</p> <p>Aims</p> <p>This study aimed to examine the effect of high fat diet (HFD) to modulate brain dysfunction, and understand the linkages between obesity, metabolic disturbances and the brain oxidative stress (BOS) dysfunction and modulation with hydroxyl citric acid of <it>G. Cambogia</it>.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Rats were divided into 3 groups; 1<sup>st </sup>control, maintained on standard normal rat chow diet, 2<sup>nd </sup>HFD, maintained on high fat diet along 12 week and 3<sup>rd </sup>HFD+G, administered <it>G. Cambogia </it>for 4 weeks and each group include 8 rats. Blood, brain and abdominal fat were collected for biochemical measurements.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>HFD group showed significant increase in energy intake, final BW and BW gain. Also significant increase in weight of abdominal fat in HFD group. HFD induce metabolic disturbance through increasing the lipid profile (LDL, TG, TC), γGT and α-amylase activity, uric acid level and hyperglycemia, while decreasing creatine kinase (CK) activity.</p> <p>These changes associated with lowering in brain nitric oxide (NO) level and rising in serum butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), brain catalase activity and MDA levels as oxidative stress markers. These alterations improved by <it>G. Cambogia </it>that decrease BOS and increased NO level.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>Rats fed HFD showed, metabolic disturbances produce hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, hypercholesterolemia and increased LDL associated with increased BOS. Involvement of BuChE, NO and oxidative stress associated with metabolic disturbances in the pathophysiological progression in brain, suggesting association between obesity, metabolic disorders and brain alteration while, using <it>G. Cambogia</it>, ameliorate the damaging effects of the HFD via lowering feed intake and BOS.</p

    Study of event-driven and periodic rescheduling on a single machine with unexpected disruptions

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    This paper studies the rescheduling problem of a single machine facing unexpected disruptions in order to determine which parameters can help reducing the negative impacts of these disruptions on schedule performance. A Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used to generate the initial schedule and the updated ones according to a reactive strategy. The performance of event-driven rescheduling and periodic rescheduling policies are compared in terms of total tardiness and total cost of rescheduling. Other factors that may affect rescheduling such as disruption time, disruption duration and number of disruptions are investigated. The sensitivity of results to both due date tightness and cost factor variation is tested. The results showed that the timing of the occurrence of disruption as related to scheduling horizon has a major effect on determining the best rescheduling policy. Event-driven policy is superior to other policies for short infrequent disruptions. It was found that the periodic policy is more appropriate for long and frequent disruptions

    A robust CNN Model for Diagnosis of COVID-19 based on CT scan images and DL techniques

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    The 2019 Coronavirus (COVID-19) virus has caused damage on people's respiratory systems over the world.  Computed Tomography (CT) is a faster complement for RT-PCR during peak virus spread times. Nowadays, Deep Learning (DL) with CT provides more robust and reliable methods for classifying patterns in medical pictures. In this paper, we proposed a simple low training proposed customized Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) customized model based on CNN architecture that layers which are optionals may be included such as the layer of batch normalization to reduce time taken for training and a layer with a dropout to deal with overfitting. We employed a huge dataset of chest CT slices images from diverse sources COVIDx-CT, which consists of a 16,146-image dataset with 810 patients of various nationalities. The proposed customized model's classification results compared to the VGG-16, Alex Net, and ResNet50 Deep Learning models. The proposed CNN model shows robustness by achieving an overall accuracy of 93% compared to 88%, 89%, and 95% for the VGG-16, Alex Net, and ResNet50 DL models for the classification of 3 classes. When this relates to binary classification, the classification accuracy of the proposed model and the VGG-16 models were identical (almost 100% accurate), with 0.17% of misclassification in the class of Non-Covid-19, the Alex Net model achieved almost 100% classification accuracy with 0.33% misclassification in the class of Non-Covid-19. Finally, ResNet50 achieved 95% classification accuracy with 5% misclassification in the Non-Covid-19 class.

    El artículo 89 del código penal.

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    RESUMEN El objeto de esta tesis es el estudio de la expulsión del extranjero no residente legalmente en España, como consecuencia jurídico-penal alternativa a la ejecución de las penas privativas de libertad, recogida en el artículo 89 del Código Penal de 1995 en sus diversas versiones, fruto de sucesivas modificaciones. Se trata de analizar las cuestiones problemáticas que surgen en relación con su naturaleza, su situación y aplicación, ofreciendo, y de ofrecer al tiempo algunas alternativas con la finalidad de mejorar y subsanar determinados defectos que presenta la redacción vigente del citado articulo 89. Y todo ello, teniendo en cuenta y valorando la historia previa de instituciones semejantes, abordando así el análisis de la evolución de las sucesivas figuras reflejada en la fase anterior a la codificación y en el periodo codificado, así como en las leyes especiales y administrativas que regulaban la expulsión del extranjero del territorio nacional. Se examinan de esta forma, desde esta perspectiva y de la de los derechos fundamentales reconocidos en la Constitución, aquellas cuestiones ligadas a la expulsión de los extranjeros, tanto en su vertiente penal, como en la gubernativa y los respectivos procedimientos. El estudio se ha abordado a partir de la doctrina penal española y la jurisprudencia del Tribunal Constitucional, del Tribunal Supremo, de las Audiencias y del Tribunal Europeo de Derechos humanos. Y se ha prestado especial atención a los problemas prácticos que plantea la aplicación de la regulación en vigor, así como a la reforma incluida en el anteproyecto de reforma del Código penal y a las diferentes directivas de la Unión Europea posteriores a la presentación de la tesis. __________________________________________________________________________________________________The purpose of this thesis is to study the removal of non-resident alien legally in Spain, as a legal alternative to criminal enforcement of custodial sentences, as reflected in Article 89 of the Criminal Code of 1995 in its various versions, result of successive modifications. This involves analyzing the problematic issues that arise in relation to their nature, status and implementation, offering, and while some offer alternatives to improve and remedy certain defects which presents the current wording of Article 89. And all this, considering and appreciating the history of such institutions, thus addressing the analysis of the evolution of the successive figures reflected in the pre-coding and coded in the period, as well as special laws and administrative governing the expulsion of foreign territory. It looks like this, from this perspective and the fundamental rights enshrined in the Constitution, matters relating to the expulsion of foreigners, both in its criminal, as in the government and the respective procedures. The study was approached from the Spanish criminal doctrine and jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, Supreme Court of Hearings and the European Court of Human Rights. And he has paid particular attention to the practical problems of implementing the regulation in force, as well as the reform contained in the draft reform of the penal code and the various European Union directives after presentation of the thesis

    The Role of CD 34 Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells, Macrophages, and Smooth Muscle Cells in Human Coronary Artery Atherogenesis

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    BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is a widespread and devastating disease and one of the leading causes of death worldwide. So much is there to understand about atherosclerosis. And although a lot is already discovered, yet most of the studies are performed in cell cultures and animal models. Recent technologies for genetic engineering and imaging are mainly performed on animal models, with few studies in human tissues. A better understanding of their role is required. AIM: We aim to study the expression of CD 34 hematopoietic progenitor stem cell, CD 68 macrophages, and smooth muscle actin (SMA)-positive smooth muscle cells (SMCs) in the human coronary arteries and correlate their differential expression with the atherosclerosis progression. RESULTS: CD 68 and CD 34 expression increase as the atherosclerotic process proceeds from early atheroma to advanced atheroma and start to decrease as the process proceeds to fibroatheroma with a significant p &lt; 0.001. Conversely, SMA expression decreases as the atherosclerotic process progresses with a significant p &lt; 0.001. CONCLUSION: CD34 progenitor cells in conjunction with CD 68 macrophages have a major role in the development of atherosclerosis, whereas the SMCs are minimal in the early stages and reach their maximal levels during the stage of fibroatheroma
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