106 research outputs found
Connection of the ABO blood group system from the whole blood groups with the diabetes mellitus typ 2 for the period 2005-2009
Introduction:The real dimension of the connection between any blood group from the ABO system of blood groups and diabetes mellitus typ 2 in the eastern part of Republic of Macedonia in not well known.
Aim:The aim of our study was to establish the connection of the blood group from the ABO system of blood groups with diabetes mellitus typ 2.
Material and methods:The total number of registered patients with diabetes mellitus typ 2 in the Center of diabetes in Clinical hospital in Stip for the period 2005-2009 is 5,342. They were followed belong to ABO system of blood group by the determination of the ABO blood group and after receiving the written permission.The control group contained 12,500 healthy blood donors donated blood during the same period. The examination of the patients was realized in the RE of Transfusion in Stip using micro-agglutinated cards (Dia Med-ID Mikro Typing Systems).
Results:The results using Chi-square test showed no connection between ABO blood groups and diabetes mellitus typ 2. Blood group "A" and "O" were negatively associated with diabetes mellitus typ 2 (P < 0,005) because the biggest part of that blood group were no diabetic patients. There is no significant association between blood group "B" and "AB" with diabetes mellitus typ 2, although most of patients with diabetes mellitus typ 2 were with blood group "B".
Discussion and conclusion:After completed the study, obtained results confirmed that there is a negative correlation of blood group "A" and "O" from the ABO system od blood groups with diabetes mellitus type 2
Prevention from transfusion transmissive diseases in the regional center for transfusion medicine in Stip, Republic of Macedonia for the period 2009-2010
Introduction: Blood transfusion is a transplantation of fluid tissue or an introduction of human biological material that needs to survive in the donor organism and to play important biological functions. During the blood and blood products transfusion, it is possible to transmit many transfusion transmissive diseases, which increases the need of securing safe blood transfusion.
Objective: To present the procedures and measures taken in order to prevent the transmission of transfusion transmissive diseases in the blood and blood products donors at the Clinical Hospital in Stip.
Materials and methods: Each blood unit was mandatory tested for HBSAG, anti- HCV, anti-HIV and Treponema pallidum antibodies at the Regional center for transfusion medicine. The testing was done with the ELISA technique by using the Dade Berhing BEP 200 instrument and the tests from Siemens and Ortho for anti-HCV. The confirmation tests were done at the Institute of Transfusion Medicine in the capital Skopje.
Results: In total, 6067 blood samples were tested. The presence of HBAGS was detected in 81 sample (1.33%), anti-HCV in 19 (0.313%), anti-HIV in one (0,016%) and Treponema pallidum antibodies in 5 samples (0.082%).
Discussion and conclusion: In order to achieve high level of security of the transfusion blood and blood products it is essential to use highly specific and sensitive tests, modern equipment, well trained health personnel and sufficient financial resources allocated specifically for that aim
ΠΠ»ΠΊΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ
Π£ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ°Π΄Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΌ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠ²Ρ, ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΎ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΌ, Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π° Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΄ΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΌ, ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΌ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠΎΡΠ°Π²Π°ΡΡ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈ, Π·Π°ΡΡΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ ΠΈ Π·Π»ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π΅ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π° Ρ Π½Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠ²Ρ. ΠΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΡΡΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅ ΠΈ Π·Π°Π΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ Ρ Π΄ΡΡΡΡΠ²Ρ Π·Π° ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅Π·Π°Π½Π° ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΡΠ»Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±ΠΎΠΌ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π°. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½Π° ΡΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Π° Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ΄ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π°, Π½Π΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΊΠΎΠ½Π·ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π°
ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎΠ²Π΅ΠΊΠ°.
ΠΠ΅Π³Π°ΡΠΈΠ²Π°Π½ ΡΡΠΈΡΠ°Ρ Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ»Π° ΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½ΠΈΠ·Π°ΠΌ, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎ Π·Π°Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ Π½Π΅ΠΊΠΎΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎ ΠΎΡΠ³Π°Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈΠΌΠ° ΡΡ: ΠΌΠΎΠ·Π°ΠΊ, ΡΡΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°, ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°Ρ, ΠΈΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌ. ΠΠ°ΠΎ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°Ρ, ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠ°Π»Π½Π° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ΅, Π½Π΅Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΈ, Π½Π΅ΠΏΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π°Π½ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ°, Π΄Π΅Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΌΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ.
ΠΡΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ: Π°Π»ΠΊΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ», Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ, ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠ·Π°, ΠΏΠ°Π½ΠΊΡΠ΅Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡ
ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄-19 ΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ
ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ 19 ΠΏΡΠ΅Π΄ΡΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ° Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ½Ρ Π·Π°ΡΠ°Π·Π½Ρ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½Ρ ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΊΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ·ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠΌ SARS Cov 2. ΠΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΡΠ° ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄-19 ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅ ΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΠΊΠ΅ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΏΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ°, Π°Π»ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ Π·Π°Ρ
Π²Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΡΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π°. ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄-19 ΠΈΠ·Π°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π° ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΊΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ ΡΠ° ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ΄Π³ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΡΡΠΎ ΡΡ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΡΠΈΡ, Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ, ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Ρ Ρ ΠΏΡΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡ ΡΡΡΠ° - Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ΅, Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈ Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΡΠΊΠ° ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ΅ΠΌΠ±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅, ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΠ°Π²Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠΈ ΡΠΈΠ½Π΄ΡΠΎΠΌ. ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΎΠ³Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ Π²Π΅ΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΠΊΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠΌ, ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π·Π°Ρ
ΡΠ΅Π²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅Π½Π·ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ Π½Π΅Π³Ρ ΠΈ ΠΈΠΌΠ°ΡΡ Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΡ ΡΡΠΎΠΏΡ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°.
Π‘ΠΌΠ°ΡΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ Π΄Π° ΡΡ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ° Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠΌ Π΅ΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ ΠΠ‘Π 2 ΠΊΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΠΌΠΎΠ³ΡΡΠ°Π²Π° Π²ΠΈΡΡΡΡ Π΄Π° ΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΈΠ³ΡΠ° ΠΊΡΡΡΠ½Ρ ΡΠ»ΠΎΠ³Ρ Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ³Π΅Π½Π΅Π·ΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ.
ΠΡΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ: ΠΠΎΠ²ΠΈΠ΄ 19, ΠΌΡΠ»ΡΠΈΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅ΠΌΡΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ»Π°ΠΌΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ, ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅, ΠΠ‘Π 2 ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΏΡΠΎΡ
Biological and genotoxic monitoring as integral part of predictive and preventive medical surveillance of children living in polluted area
Introduction: Presence of many elements and their compounds in the environment pose a significant health risks to the exposed individuals and contributesto the burden of disease in society. An example for one of these black points wich destroyed the health of the people is lead and tine smelter in Veles (city in R of Macedonia). It is obvious that there is environmental-health risk with enough evidence
for the pollution of the environment, as well as impact of higher blood level of lead in selected children.
Objective: To registred and define the environmental health risk on children in Veles.Method: In this study we compare two groups of 100 children (average 10years old). Exposed group comprised children living in Veles (contaminated area),and control group were children who live in village Ivankovci. Results: Studentβs t-test indicates statistically significant differences(t=15.14; p<0.001), between average concentration of lead in the air in Veles (0.94mg/m3) and Ivankovci (0.03 mg/m3); statistically significant differences (t=5.74;p<0.001), between average concentrations of BLL (37.27 ΞΌg/ml) in exposed group and control group (18.20 ΞΌg/ml); statistically significant differences (t=2.35;p<0.05), between average concentrations of hemoglobin in exposed group (children who live in Veles) and control group and the other hematological parameters between two groups. Discussion: The significance of these results show that children are exposed to mixtures rather than single chemicals. This complexity is a major reason why mixtures are not well studied. In this study are illustrated some of the principles and approaches that can be used to study the effects of mixtures. The multidisciplinary elaboration of the topic, suggests the need for a more serious approach to this important phenomenon(genotoxicological impact of heavy metals) and also is a specific model that is capable of application in other related research.
Conclusion: Registered changes had reversible character. Manifested signs of disease were not registered, because of yet successful compensatory mechanisms in the examined children
ΠΠ΅Π³Π° Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ°
Π£Π²ΠΎΠ΄: ΠΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½Π΅ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ (ΠΠΠ) ΡΡ Π²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΡΠΈ ΡΠ·ΡΠΎΠΊ ΡΠΌΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΡ. ΠΠ²Π°Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΠΌ ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡΠ΅
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΈΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅, ΡΠΊΡΡΡΡΡΡΡΠΈ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ ΡΡΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΊΡΠ²Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Π°.
Π‘Π²ΡΡ
Π°: Π¦ΠΈΡ ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ³ ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΡΠΏΠΎΠ·Π½Π°Π²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌΠ°. ΠΠ΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π·Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠ΄Π΅
Π΄ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ³ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΎΡΡΠ°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, Π±ΡΠΈΠ³Π° ΠΎ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΡΠ°Π½Π΅ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΈ ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ΡΠΆΠ°Π²Π°ΡΠ° Π°Π΄Π΅ΠΊΠ²Π°ΡΠ½ΠΎΠ³ ΠΊΠ²Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΆΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠ°. Π£ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈ ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°Π΄Π° ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠ°ΠΊΠ° ΠΎ Π±ΡΠΎΡΡ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΡΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ° Π½Π°ΡΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΌΠ° Ρ ΠΎΠΏΡΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅: ΠΠΎΡΠΈΡΡΠ΅Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎ-Π΄Π΅ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΡ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΡΠΏΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ° Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ β ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ, Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ 2017. Π΄ΠΎ 2021. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ΅: Π‘ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΡΠΈΡΠΊΠΎ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΎ Π±ΡΠΎΡΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Ρ ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π½ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈ ΡΡ Ρ ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠ°. ΠΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ·Π΅ΡΠΈ ΡΡ ΠΈΠ· Π¦Π΅Π½ΡΡΠ°
Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ β ΠΠΎΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ. ΠΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΎΠ±ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈΠΌΠ°, ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½Π΅ ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»Π΅ ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΡΡΡ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ Π±ΡΠΎΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡΡ.
ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊ: ΠΡΠ°Π²ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»Π½ΠΈΡ
ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠΈΠ·ΠΈΠΊΠ° ΠΈ ΡΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΌ Π±Π»Π°Π³ΠΎΠ²ΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠΌ, Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½Π°ΠΊ ΠΎΠ²Π°ΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ³Π΅Π½ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠΊΡΠ»Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈΡ
ΠΌΠ°Π½ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π° ΡΠ°ΠΌΠΈΠΌ ΡΠΈΠΌ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΌΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²Π°, ΠΌΠΎΠΆΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠΏΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΈ.
ΠΡΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ: Π½Π΅Π³Π°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°, Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·Π°, ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°
ΠΠ½ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠ° Π½Π° Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Π²ΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ ΠΎΠ΄ 2017-2019 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° Π½Π° Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠ° ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ°, Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅, Π .Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½Π° ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°
ΠΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡ (ΠΠΠ) Π΅ Π΄Π΅ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ ΠΊΠ°ΠΊΠΎ Π½Π΅ΠΊΡΠΎΠ·Π° Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈ Π½Π°
Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ½Π° ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΠΏΠ°ΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° Π½ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΡΠΎ Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΅Π²ΠΈΡΠ΅ Π±ΠΈΠΎΠΌΠ°ΡΠΊΠ΅ΡΠΈ, Π³Π»Π°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π½Π°
Π²ΠΈΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΠ·Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΎΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅Π² ΡΡΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠ½ ΠΈ Π½Π°ΡΠΌΠ°Π»ΠΊΡ ΡΡΡΠ΅ Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΌ: ΡΠΈΠΌΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΈΡΡ
Π΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΈ ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ
Π½Π°ΡΡΠ°Π½Π°ΡΠΈ Π·Π½Π°ΡΠ°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΎΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° Π‘Π’-Π’ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΡΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΠΌ (ΠΠΠ), ΡΠ°Π·Π²ΠΎΡ Π½Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠΈ Q Π·Π°ΠΏΡΠΈ
Π½Π° ΠΠΠ-ΡΠΎ, Π΄ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅Ρ
Π½ΠΈΠΊΠΈ ΠΈ/ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ°ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ΅Π½ ΡΡΠΎΠΌΠ± Π΄Π΅ΡΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π½Π° Π°Π½Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ
Π°ΡΡΠΎΠΏΡΠΈΡΠ°. ΠΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²Π½Π° ΡΠ΅Π» Π½Π° ΡΡΡΠ΄ΠΎΡ Π΅ Π΄Π° ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ°Ρ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠΎ Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡ Π²ΠΎ ΡΠΎΠΊ ΠΎΠ΄ ΡΡΠΈ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅Π΄ Π½Π°ΡΠΈΠ½ΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π·Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄
Π£Π½ΠΈΠ²Π΅ΡΠ·ΠΈΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΊΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΠ»ΠΈΠ½ΠΈΠΊΠ° Π·Π° ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄ΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΠ³ΠΈΡΠ°-Π‘ΠΊΠΎΠΏΡΠ΅, ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΠ³ΡΠ°Π΄Π½ΠΎ, Π²ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ΠΊ Π½Π° ΡΡΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅Π»Π½ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΠΎΠ΄
2017-2019Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°. ΠΠΎ 2017 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΎΠ΄ Π²ΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎ 767 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΠΠΠ, ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°
(ΠΠΠ) Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ 722 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° (94.13%), Π° 12 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ
Π·Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Π° Π±Π°ΡΠΏΠ°Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡΠ° (ΠΠ¦ΠΠ), Π΄ΠΎΠ΄Π΅ΠΊΠ° 33 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎ. ΠΠΎ 2018 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°
Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ 1098 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ, ΠΎΠ΄ Π½ΠΈΠ² 1054 ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ (95,99%), 12 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π½Π° ΠΠ¦ΠΠ, Π° 32
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠ° Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ·Π΅Π½ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΌΠ°Π½. ΠΠΎ 2019 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΏΡΠΈΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΡΠ΅ 1082 ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ 1039 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ
ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ (96,02%), 18 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΠ¦ΠΠ ΠΈ 24 ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΡΠΎΠ·Π½ΠΎ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ³ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΠΌ Π΄Π΅Π» ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅ Π»Π΅ΠΊΡΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΡΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΊΡΠ»ΠΏΡΠΈΡ
Π»Π΅Π·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠ°, Π° ΠΏΠΎΠΌΠ°Π» Π΄Π΅Π» ΡΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ²Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°Π΄ΠΎΠ²Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΠΏΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ Π·Π° ΠΠ¦ΠΠ. ΠΠ½ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΠ΅Π½ΡΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ°Π²ΠΈΠ»Π΅ Π½Π° Π»Π΅ΠΊΠ°Ρ
>48 ΡΠ°ΡΠ° ΠΎΠ΄ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΊΠΎΡ Π½Π° Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°, Π±ΠΈΠ»Π΅ ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π½ΠΈ ΡΠΎ ΠΌΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΠΌΠ΅Π½ΠΎΠ·Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°ΠΏΠΈΡΠ°.
ΠΠ»ΡΡΠ½ΠΈ Π·Π±ΠΎΡΠΎΠ²ΠΈ: Π°ΠΊΡΡΠ΅Π½ ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠΊΠ°ΡΠ΄Π΅Π½ ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ°ΡΠΊΡ, ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΡΠ°Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΠ΅ΡΠ²Π΅Π½Π·ΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΊΠΎΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΡΠ½Π° Π±Π°ΡΠΏΠ°Ρ Ρ
ΠΈΡΡΡΠ³ΠΈΡ
Correlation of heavy metals and theirs impact to epidemiological survey in the miners blood donors and other human population
Introduction: Miners who are blood donors, and work in mines for lead-zinc ores are constantly exposed to heavy metals (lead, zinc and cadmium) and this aspect is expected to increase or decrease many hematological parameters.
Aim of the Study: The concentration of lead, zinc and cadmium was studied in exposed blood donors and non-exposed blood donors (control group). Knowing the structure of various heavy metals, all of the analysis was carried out to examine the impact of these heavy metals on the occurrence and severity of certain epidemiological diseases and hematological parameters on the miners who are blood
donors.
Material and Methods: In this research 120 miners were included who were blood donors (mining for lead and zinc) from the Republic of Macedonia and a control group of 30 participants that included blood donors not directly exposed to heavy metals, while living in the immediate vicinity of the lead and zinc mine. In this research biochemical analysis (inductively coupled plasma spectrometry (ICP) one of the most sensitive analytical techniques for the determination of elements in biological materials was applied and the basic haematological parameters were determined.
Results: The observation of increased blood lead level on blood donors in the exposed group (mean = 0.089 mg/l) and 20% on blood donors in the control group (mean = 0066), increased blood zinc level in the exposed (mean = 1391) and in the control group (mean = 1074), increased blood cadmium level in 62% of exposed (mean = 0007) and in 50% of the control group (mean = 0006); If the normal BLL (blood lead level) is 0.04β0.07 mg/l, we concluded that all male blood donors in the exposed group had above normal BLL. In the control group 20% of male blood donors had above normal BLL; if the normal BZL (blood zinc level) is 0.1 mg/l, we concluded that all male blood donors exposed in the control group had above normal BZL. If the normal BCL is 0.005 mg/l, we concluded that 62% of the male blood donors in the exposed group had above normal BCL. In the control group 50% of male blood donors had above normal BCL; The blood lead, zinc and cadmium level will rise during exposure at work. forty eight percent of miners (exposed group) had an exposure period of 20 years, 29% between 10 and 20 years and the remaining 23% an exposure period under 10 years.
Results showed negative correlation between the number of red blood cells and hemoglobin and blood levels of heavy metals; positive correlation between the number of leukocytes and blood heavy metals levels. Epidemiological survey showed that nearly all workers complained of headache. While 25 of 70 miners who were blood donors (with long exposure) were found to be suffering from various diseases such as asthma, respiratory tract, irritation and watering of eyes.
Conclusion: The research confirms that the increased content of heavy metals in blood donors affects the concept of professional risk that involves probability that as a result of exposure of workers to certain harmful agents in the work environment negative effects are manifested on their health. The change of some haematological parameters in the blood donors, results in the emergence of certain diseases with complex etiologies and risks to their health
Comparative study on conditions of intoxication in patients received in βClinical Hospitalβ Shtip
Introduction: According to the WHO, about 800,000 cases of suicide are registered annually in underdeveloped and developing countries. Suicide is a serious global and health problem, a hidden and silent epidemic, which has many triggers: psychiatric illness and mental disorders, broken emotional ties, economic difficulties.
Aim: According to the fact that suicides are a serious and global health problem, through this study we want to show the number of patients who asked for help in the emergency department at βClinical Hospitalβ Shtip due to intoxication with emphasis on the motive for the poisoning.
Materials and methods: This comparative study uses data for the period from 01.01.2016 to 31.12.2019 taken from the archives of the Department of Internal Medicine using descriptive and retrospective epidemiological method.
Results: The number of patients who asked for help due to intoxication for this period was 415, of which as many as 375 (90,36%) had suicidal intentions. Of the total number of patients, 225 (54,22%) were men and 190 (45,78%) were women. Suicidal intentions were recorded more in men 199 (53,07%) cases, while in women there were 176 (46,93%) cases. Regarding the age group, the following results were obtained: 32 (7,73%) of all admitted were aged <18 years, 127 (30,68%) aged 19-29 years, 95 (22,95%) of aged 30-39 years, 56 (13,53%) were aged 40-49 years, 45 (10,87%) were aged 50-59 years, and 59 (14,25%) were patients older than 60 years. The obtained data show insignificantly higher number of drug intoxications 153 (36,78%) compared to alcohol intoxications 142 (34,13%). 90 (21,63%) cases were due to chemical intoxication, and 21 (5,05%) of the patients used multiple means of intoxication. According to the season of the examination, highest number of poisonings were registered in the winter 119 (28,54%), then 115 (27,58%) in summer, 104 (24,94%) in autumn, and the least in spring 79 (18,94%). In terms of place the patients come from, the number of patients from urban areas or 357 (86,02%) is significantly higher than the number of patients from rural areas or 58 (13,98%). Association with psychological and psychiatric conditions was recorded in 53 (11,32%) cases. Because 27 (6,11%) of the total number of cases were urgent, they were referred to the University Clinic of Toxicology in Skopje, and the remaining 388 (93,89%) were treated in the βClinical Hospitalβ Shtip. Only 3 (0,72%) of the total number of poisonings ended in death.
Conclusion: Our results showed a significantly increased number of suicidal compared to accidental poisonings. Therefore, it is necessary to take preventive measures to prevent suicidal poisoning. Suicides can be prevented at least in part by restricting access to suicidal ideation, by training primary care physicians and health professionals to identify people at risk, and by reducing the rate of depression
Π£Π»ΠΎΠ³Π° ΠΏΠ°ΡΡΠΎΠ½Π°ΠΆΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΎΡΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΡ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²Π° Π½Π° ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠΎΡΠΈΡΠΈ Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½Π΅ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ 2018-2022
Π£Π²ΠΎΠ΄: ΠΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΡΠ΅ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½Π° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠ°Π±ΠΎΠ»ΠΈΡΠΊΠ° Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅ΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠ°ΡΠ°ΠΊΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ΅ Ρ
ΡΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠ½Π° Ρ
ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ° ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ
ΠΏΠΎΡΠ»Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡΠ° Π½ΠΈΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ Π½ΠΈΠ²ΠΎΠ° Ρ
ΠΎΡΠΌΠΎΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π° ΠΈΠ»ΠΈ ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΠΈΠ²Π° Π½Π° Π΄Π΅ΡΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°, Ρ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠ±ΠΈΠ½Π°ΡΠΈΡΠΈ ΡΠ°
ΡΠΌΠ°ΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΌ Π»ΡΡΠ΅ΡΠ΅ΠΌ ΠΈΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½Π°.
Π¦ΠΈΡ: ΠΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ°Π½ Π±ΡΠΎΡ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° (ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°) Ρ Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΈ
Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ Ρ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ 2018. Π΄ΠΎ 2022. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅, Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ, ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΡΠΈ,
ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° Π²ΡΡΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π· ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ°Π½ Π±ΡΠΎΡ Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΏΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ΅Π½Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ°
Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠΎΠΌ (ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°). ΠΠ° ΡΠΊΠ°ΠΆΠ΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΠ·Π±ΠΈΡΠ½ΠΎΡΡ ΠΊΠΎΠΌΠΏΠ»ΠΈΠΊΠ°ΡΠΈΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΡΠ΅Π±Ρ Π·Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠΎΠΌ.
ΠΠ°ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈΡΠ°Π»ΠΈ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π΅: ΠΠ΅ΡΠΊΡΠΈΠΏΡΠΈΠ²Π½Π° Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΎΠ»ΠΎΡΠΊΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΠΎΠ΄Π° ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ΡΡΠΎΡΠΏΠ΅ΠΊΡΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΈΠΌ ΠΈΡΡΡΠ°ΠΆΠΈΠ²Π°ΡΠ΅ΠΌ Π·Π°
ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄ 2018-2022, ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΠ±ΠΈΡΠ΅Π½ΠΈ ΠΈΠ· Π Π΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΠΠ½ΡΡΠΈΡΡΡΠ° Π·Π° ΡΠ°Π²Π½ΠΎ Π·Π΄ΡΠ°Π²ΡΠ΅ Ρ Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΈ
Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ. ΠΠΎΠ΄Π°ΡΠΈ ΡΡ ΠΏΡΠΈΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π½ΠΈ Ρ ΡΠ°Π±Π΅Π»Π°ΠΌΠ° ΠΈ Π³ΡΠ°ΡΠΈΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΈΠΌΠ°.
Π Π΅Π·ΡΠ»ΡΠ°ΡΠΈ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΈΡΠΊΡΡΠΈΡΠ°: Π£ Π Π΅ΠΏΡΠ±Π»ΠΈΡΠΈ Π‘Π΅Π²Π΅ΡΠ½ΠΎΡ ΠΠ°ΠΊΠ΅Π΄ΠΎΠ½ΠΈΡΠΈ Ρ 2018. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ Π±ΠΈΠ»ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎ
75.429 Π»ΠΈΡΠ°, 2019. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 89.964 Π»ΠΈΡΠ°, 2020. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ 133.803 Π»ΠΈΡΠ°, 2021.
Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 135.690 Π»ΠΈΡΠ°, Π΄ΠΎΠΊ ΡΠ΅ ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΎ 135.690 Π»ΠΈΡΠ°. Ρ 2022. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½ΠΈ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ°Π½
Π±ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ 134668.
ΠΠ°ΠΊΡΡΡΠ°ΠΊ: Π£ ΠΏΠ΅ΡΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ ΠΎΠ΄ 2018. Π΄ΠΎ 2022. Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π΅ Π±Π΅Π»Π΅ΠΆΠΈ ΡΠ΅ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ° ΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π»ΠΈΡ
ΠΎΠ΄ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° (ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°), ΠΊΠ°ΠΎ ΠΈ ΠΏΠΎΡΠ°ΡΡ ΡΠΊΡΠΏΠ½ΠΎΠ³ Π±ΡΠΎΡΠ° Π½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΡΠ΅Π³ΠΈΡΡΡΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡ
Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅ΡΠ° (ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°).
ΠΠ°ΡΠ²Π΅ΡΠΈ Π±ΡΠΎΡ ΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π° ΡΠ° Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π³Π½ΠΎΠ·ΠΎΠΌ Π11-ΠΠ½ΡΡΠ»ΠΈΠ½ Π½Π΅Π·Π°Π²ΠΈΡΠ°Π½ Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ ΠΌΠ΅Π»ΠΈΡΡΡ, ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΌΠ΅ΡΡΡ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π°ΡΠ°
Π΄ΠΎΠΌΠΈΠ½ΠΈΡΠ° ΡΡΠ±Π°Π½Π° ΡΡΠ΅Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°, ΠΏΠΎ ΡΡΠ°ΡΠΎΡΠ½ΠΈΠΌ Π³ΡΡΠΏΠ°ΠΌΠ° ΠΈΠ·Π΄Π²Π°ΡΠ° ΡΠ΅ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²ΠΎ ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΊΠΎ 60 Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΈΠ½Π°, Π° ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΌΠ° ΠΏΠΎΠ»Ρ
ΠΏΡΠ΅ΠΎΠ²Π»Π°ΡΡΡΠ΅ Ρ ΠΆΠ΅Π½ΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ ΡΠΎΠ΄Ρ Ρ ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΡΡ Π½Π° ΠΌΡΡΠΊΠΎ ΡΡΠ°Π½ΠΎΠ²Π½ΠΈΡΡΠ²ΠΎ.
ΠΡΡΡΠ½Π΅ ΡΠ΅ΡΠΈ: Π΄ΠΈΡΠ°Π±Π΅ΡΠ΅Ρ, Ρ
ΠΈΠΏΠ΅ΡΠ³Π»ΠΈΠΊΠ΅ΠΌΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΏΡΠ΅Π²Π°Π»Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡΠ°, ΠΈΠ½ΡΠΈΠ΄Π΅Π½ΡΠΈΡ
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