FORMULATION AND PROCESS OPTIMIZATION OF GASTRO-RETENTIVE FLOATING TABLET OF ONDANSETRON HCL

Ondansetron HCl is a potent, highly selective 5-HT3receptor-antagonist used to prevent nausea andvomiting, mainly in patients undergoing chemotherapyand radiation treatments. The aim of present work wasto formulate, evaluate and optimize gastro-retentivetablet of Ondansetron HCl which would beadvantageous, that can provide prolong gastricretention and increase efficacy of the dosage form. Informulation optimization, different formulation ofHPMC polymer, NaCMC and NaHCO3 were studiedwith help of 32 full factorial designs. It was found thatHPMC K4M with concentration 40%, NaCMC 5%and NaHCO3 with 17% concentrations showed goodsustained and floating ability and it releases 94.51%drug within 24 hrs. During study of effect of processparameters, it was concluded that release of drugdecreases with decreasing granular size. The dryingtime (10 and 20 min) and drying temperature (40° and50°C), does not have any significant effect on therelease profile of drug

Ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome in a spontaneous singleton pregnancy: a case report

Ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome (OHSS) is extremely rare in spontaneous pregnancies. Spontaneous OHSS can result from glycoprotein hormones stimulating follicle-stimulating hormone receptors (FSHR). Our case reinforces the importance of a prompt diagnosis and management in all pregnant patients presenting with acute abdomen and ovarian masses. We report a case of spontaneous singleton pregnancy at 12-week POG presented with abdominal distension and enlarged ovaries. Patient was successfully managed with supportive treatment comprise of intravenous (IV) Albumin, thromboprophylaxis, dopamine agonist and insulin sensitizer. Spontaneous OHSS should be included in the differential diagnosis of acute abdomen in pregnant women. Since spontaneous OHSS can be associated with life-threatening complications, it requires early diagnosis for successful management. The etiology should be determined in order to focus the treatment and avoid future complications.

The effect of surveillance and appreciative inquiry on puerperal infections : a longitudinal cohort study in India

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

THE EFFECT OF VITAMIN-D PROPHYLAXIS ON SEVERITY OF ASTHMA

Introduction: Asthmatic (case) children had more vitamin D deficiency compared to other (control) children and strong correlation between vitamin D level and severity of asthma symptoms. Method: A prospective hospital based interventional study was conducted on bronchial asthmatic patients(5-17 years)to find out the role of vitamin D prophylaxis in severity and exacerbation.80 cases were included in the study. Participants were divided in 2 groups-Intervention arm-patients taking vitamin-D capsules Control arm-patients not taking vitamin-D capsules(placebo).At the end of 6 months both groups were compared to look for changes in their severity and number of exacerbation of asthma. Results: In our study there is slight improvement in severity of asthma in both group till 3 month, at the end of 6 month there is improvement of ACTS score more in case group compared to control group. There is decrease emergency room visit more in case group compared to control group, in hospital admission in both groups and in reliever medication use more in case group compared to control group. Conclusion: Thus, we conclude that Vitamin-D has significant improvement in severity of asthma, exacerbation of asthma and asthma control test score in case group compared to control group at the end of 6 months. So, we recommend to use vitamin D in asthmatic paediatric cases

Clinical Evaluation of Dexmedetomidine Versus Clonidine as an Adjuvant to Bupivacaine in Subarachnoid Block for Gynecological Procedure: A Prospective, Randomized, Double Blind, Controlled Study

Background and Aim: Clonidine is a partial α2 adrenergic agonist used intrathecally with well-established efficacy and safety profile with effective prolongation of both motor and sensory spinal blockade. Dexmedetomidine, another member of α2 agonist's family, is recently being introduced in Indian market and is approved as an intravenous sedative and co-analgesic drug. This study examines and compares the usefulness and safety of dexmedetomidine versus clonidine as an adjuvant to bupivacaine in subarachnoid block for gynecological vaginal surgeries. Material and Methods: Hundred patients, aged 30-60 years of ASA Physical status I and II, scheduled for elective gynecological vaginal surgery were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomly allocated to one of the two groups of 50 patients each by distributing sealed envelopes. Group C (n=50) received 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine 2.5ml + 0.5ml distilled water containing 30µgm clonidine intrathecally. Group D (n=50) received 0.5% hyperbaric Bupivacaine 2.5ml +0.5ml distilled water containing 5µg Dexmedetomidine intrathecally. The sensory block was assessed by skin sensation to pin prick. The motor block was assessed according to the Modified Bromage Scale. Hemodynamic variables were recorded at 1, 3, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 minutes and then at 15 minutes interval throughout the surgical period

Development of mucoadhesive in-situ nasal gel formulation for enhanced bioavailability and efficacy of rizatriptan in migraine treatment

This research article focuses on the development of an in-situ nasal gel formulation for the antimigraine agent, Rizatriptan (RZT), to enhance its bioavailability and efficacy in treating migraine. The aim of the study was to overcome the challenges of rapid mucociliary clearance. Carbopol 934P (1–2 %w/v) was added to the primary solution, followed by HPMC K4M (0.4–1.2 %w/v). Different copolymers were tested, and HPMC K4M was chosen due to its compatibility with the other ingredients. The pH of all formulations was in the nasal pH range, and the drug content was above 97% in all batches. Gelling time varied from 1.3 to 8.6 sec, with low gelling time observed when viscosity and mucoadhesive strength were high. The results were analyzed using a statistical model with interactive and polynomial terms. The statistical analysis showed a good correlation between dependent and independent variables, with R2 values of 0.97758 and 0.948931 for viscosity and mucoadhesive strength, respectively. The Cmax of RZT in the brain was significantly higher (p < 0.05) via intra-nasal (340.27 ng) route as compared to the oral route and the same was the case for AUC. Finally, it was concluded that the RZT nasal in-situ gel system improves bioavailability compared with oral route and could provide fast action in migraine therapy