Prehrambene navike, stavovi i znanja o pravilnoj prehrani pučanstva na području Splitsko-dalmatinske županije (Dietary habits, attitudes and knowledge of the proper population diet in the Splitsko Dalmatinska County)

Tradicionalna prehrana stanovnika ovog područja temelji se na potrošnji namirnica biljnog porijekla, odnosno obilježena je značajnom konzumacijom povrća i salata, leguminoza, raznolikog voća uključujući citruse, te proizvode od žitarica. Njihova prehrana sadrži malo crvenog mesa, ali je bogata ribom i plodovima mora. Vrlo je važna potrošnja maslinovog ulja. Umjerena je potrošnja peradi i jaja, te mlijeka i naročito fermentiranih mliječnih prerađevina. Nažalost, ovim istraživanjem utvrđeno je da se te prehrambene navike polagano mijenjaju. Smanjuje se potrošnja pojedinih namirnica kao što je maslinovog ulje, a raste potrošnja tzv. crvenog mesa. Način pripreme hrane sve češće odražava karakteristike kontinentalne prehrane s akcentom na moderne životne navike (fast food). Na temelju ocjene sadašnje prehrane pučanstva u Hrvatskoj potrebno je razmotriti mogućnosti poboljšanja i unapređenja prehrane te promovirati tradicionalnu mediteransku prehranu kao prototip zdrave prehran

Značajke nadzora i kontrole zdravstvene ispravnosti namirnica u tijeku Domovinskog rata

U radu su iznijete značajke sustava za nadzor i kontrolu zdravstvene ispravnosti namirnica u Republici Hrvatskoj. Sustav nadzora i kontrole zdravstvene ispravnosti namirnica je od izuzetnog značaja za osiguranje pravilne prehrane pučanstva, a temeiji se na suvremenom i znanstveno potvrđenom zakonodavstvu, dobro organiziranom nadzoru nad proizvodnjom i prometom namirnicama, te stručnoj i dobro opremljenoj laboratorijskoj službi.Ratna situacija donosi nove probleme i zadatke poglavito zbog mogućnosti namjernog trovanja skladišta hrane i vodoopskrbnih objekata, te takva situacija zahtijeva i učestaliju kontrolu i uvođenje testova za brzo utvrđivanje toksičnosti u uvjetima pripreme hrane na bojišnici. Nužno je uz uobičajene higijensko-sanitarne i tehnoloske mjere posebnu pažnju posvetiti dobroj termičkoj obradi namirnica i brzoj podjeli još vrućeg gotovog obroka. U radu su prikazani i rezultati rada laboratorijskih službi za kontrolu zdravstvene ispravnosti namirnica u periodu od 1991-1994. godine

A Large Cross-Sectional Study of Health Attitudes, Knowledge, Behaviour and Risks in the Post-War Croatian Population (The First Croatian Health Project*)

As the liberation of occupied Croatian territories ended the war in the country in 1995, the Ministry of Health and Croatian Health Insurance Institute have agreed to create the new framework for developing a long-term strategy of public health planning, prevention and intervention. They provided financial resources to develop the First Cro-atian Health Project, the rest of the support coming from the World Bank loan and the National Institute of Public Health. A large cross-sectional study was designed aiming to assess health attitudes, knowledge, behaviour and risks in the post-war Croatian population. The large field study was carried out by the Institute for Anthropological Research with technical support from the National Institute of Public Health. The field study was completed between 1995–1997. It included about 10,000 adult volunteers from all 21 Croatian counties. The geographic distribution of the sample covered both coastal and continental areas of Croatia and included rural and urban environments. The specific measurements included antropometry (body mass index and blood pressure). From each examinee a blood sample was collected from which the levels of total plasma cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), HDL-cholesterol (High Density Lipoprotein), LDL-cholesterol (Low Density Lipoprotein), lipoprotein Lp(a), and haemostatic risk factor fibrinogen (F) were determined. The detailed data were collected on the general knowledge and attitudes on health issues, followed by specific investigation of smoking history, alcohol consumption, nutrition habits, physical activity, family history of chronic non-communicable diseases and occupational exposures. From the initial database a targeted sample of 5,840 persons of both sexes, aged 18–65, was created corresponding by age, sex and geographic distribution to the general Croatian population. This paper summarises and discusses the main findings of the project within this representative sample of Croatian population