17 research outputs found
Tanulással összefüggő előagyi rendszerek madarakban = Learning-associated forebrain systems in birds
A kutatĂłprogram a viselkedĂ©s motiváciĂłjának idegi alapjait vizsgálja multidiszciplináris megközelĂtĂ©ssel, madár idegrendszeri modell felhasználásával. A vizsgálatbĂłl extrapolálhatĂł eredmĂ©nyek felhasználhatĂłk az emlĹ‘s viszonyok leĂrására Ă©s Ă©rtelmezĂ©sĂ©re is. A kutatĂłcsoport korábbi nemzetközi tapasztalataira Ă©pĂĽlĹ‘ program megvalĂłsĂtásával a következĹ‘ terĂĽleteken Ă©rtĂĽnk el eredmĂ©nyeket: (1) A tanulással Ă©s motiváciĂłval összefĂĽggĹ‘ agyterĂĽletek (thalamus, septum, nucl. accumbens, ventralis tegmentalis area) funkciĂłs morfolĂłgiai jellemzĂ©se. Ezen belĂĽl a jutalmazásban Ă©s addikciĂłban kulcsszerepet játszĂł nucleus accumbens pontos lokalizáciĂłja, szubdiviziĂłi Ă©s kapcsolatrendszerĂ©nek feltárása madarakon, valamint az amygdalo-accumbens pályarendszer elhárĂtĂł tanulásban játszott szerepĂ©nek igazolása; (2) Dopaminerg Ă©s dopaminoceptĂv neuronrendszerek szerepe háziszárnyas tanulási Ă©s motiváciĂłs folyamataiban. Dopamin receptor antagonisták hatása a memĂłria retenciĂłjára. Striato-tegmentalis pályarendszerek Ă©s szelektĂv projekciĂłkkal rendelkezĹ‘ neuronjaik jellemzĂ©se. (3) A serkentĹ‘ neurotranszmitterek Ă©s a dopamin striatalis kölcsönhatása, motiváciĂłban, döntĂ©shozatalban Ă©s tanulásban játszott szerepe. Az aszpartát sajátos magatartásfĂĽggĹ‘ szerepĂ©nek kimutatása a striatum Ă©s a törzsdĂşcok neurális hálĂłzatában. (4) Cannabinoid receptorok megoszlása Ă©s a tanulási folyamatra gyakorolt hatása. | In the research program we investigated the neural foundations of motivation, using multidisciplinary approach and the avian nervous system as a model. The results extrapolated from the study may be adapted also for the description and interpretation of mammalian systems. Based upon international experience of the group, progress has been made primarily in the following areas: (1) Functional morphological characterisation of learning and behaviour associated brain regions (thalamus, septum, nucl. accumbens, ventral tegmental area). In particular, precise localization of the nucleus accumbens, its subdivisions and connectivity, and evidence for the role of amygdalo-accumbens pathway in avoidance learning. (2) The role of dopaminergic and dopaminoceptive neuronal systems in learning and motivation of domestic chicks. Effect of dopamine receptor antagonists on memory retention. Characterisation of striato-tegmental pathways and neurons with selective projections. (3) Striatal interaction between excitatory transmitter amino acids and dopamine, its role in motivation, decision-making and learning. Verification of specific behaviour-linked effect of the excitatory transmitter aspartate in the neural circuits of striatum and basal ganglia. (4) Tissue distribution of cannabinoid receptors and their effect on the learning process
Silica Sol-gel Coatings with Improved Light Transmittance and Stability
Silica sol-gel coatings on different substrate materials and their use as model systems have been studied. Mesoporous silica coatings with thicknesses of 85 - 135 nm and porosity of 18 ˗ 37% were prepared by dip-coating on polycarbonate and glass substrates. In order to eliminate the shrinkage of the porous structure acid or base vapour treatment was applied. Thickness and refractive index of the coatings were determined by analysing the transmittance spectra of the samples. Ellipsometric porosimetry measurements were carried out to determine the porosity, pore radius distribution, thickness and refractive index. The thickness of the samples was further confirmed by scanning electron microscopy. The adsorption capacity of the porous coatings was also studied by dye impregnation tests. The temporal stability of the samples was investigated by UV-Vis spectrometry and it was found that the advantageous optical properties (Tmax = 98 – 99%) of the samples remained constant even after a 1 year storage period
Proportion of juvenile pikeperch assigned to 3 clusters (explorative, average or retractile) in the feeding groups.
<p>Different letters above the columns indicate significant differences (Mann-Whitney U test, P<0.01).</p
Differences among the feeding groups in measured variables of exploratory behaviour.
<p>Differences among the feeding groups in measured variables of exploratory behaviour.</p