Evalution of genetic different between Litopenaeus vannamei of different race

In this study, after determining history of origin entering white leg shrimp of broodstocks at hatcheries of country, finally, two population of Molokaei and High health were considered as shrimp broodstocks of specific disease free (SPF) zero generation. After inbreeding and cross breeding among adult males and females of two population above, three storage different were produced in the first generation: H♂ × M♀, M♂ × H♀ and H♀ × H♂. The second generation were produced from selective breeding of M♂ × H♀. The aim of this study was to determine genetic differences between different generations of specific pathogenic free shrimp by evaluation of 16S rRNA region mitochondrial of different generations. Result of this study showed that of 486 sites have been identified 484 sites were conserved. Also, monomorphic sites ranged between 482 - 486 sites and was consists 2 polymorphic sites and 2 transitional sites. The number haplotypes, haplotypes diversity, nucleotide diversity revealed in this region were 2, 0.356±0.159 and 0.00147, respectively. Due to the high genetic identify and reduce of genetic distance of shrimp between different generations of SPF shrimp, genetic differentiation and gene flow (Nm) between them were -.142 and -2.00, respectively. This rates clearly shows a low level of polymorphism in this region of mitochondrial of different generation of SPF. This may be occurred because of small effective populations and genetic drift. Thus, offspring had inherited mitochondrial genome from your mother, therefore, it is expected that rate of variation in this genome is influenced by several factors, including genetic drift, due to unavailability of new-broodstock from different areas. It was observed that due to high conservation sites in 16S rRNA region of mitochondrial genome, nothing genetic differentiation was observed among different generations of SPF

Fish gene bank of the Persian Gulf and Oman Sea

Genetic studies and gene banks preparation can identify guidelines for improving diversity and population structure and estimation, poaching and also the amount of cross breeding and provide genetic classification. In this study, sampling was performed from the important studied species habitats areas for the species such as: Dasyatis bennetti، Netuma thalassina, Netuma bilineata Carcharhinus leucas، Choerodon robustus، Pseudorhombus pentophthalmus ،Pseudorhombus arsius Thunnus tonggol ،Euthynnus affinis and Trichiurus lepturus. Total DNA extraction was performed using phenol - chloroform method which is the most common method for DNA extraction in order to achieve high quality of DNA was performed in the preparation of gene bank in this study. After relevant studies on this gene primers were designed and in use. After editing the sequences, nucleotide BLAST (Basic Local Alignment Search Tool) was performed using NCBI blast main page. The sequences obtained from each sample were aligned and corrected from any ambiguities and assembled using Bio edit program .Trees were generated using maximum parsimony (MP), a character-based algorithm and neighbor joining (NJ) a distance-based algorithm for phenetic analysis. The distance matrix option of MEGA4 was used to calculate genetic distance according to the Kimura 2-parameter model of sequence evolution. Based on the results obtained, the optical density of 260 to 280 nm in the samples was recorded between 1/8 - 2, indicating good quality DNA samples. Optimized PCR reaction to 16SrRNA gene amplification using the gradient between 48 - 60° C showed that the most suitable criteria for binding primers, 54 to 58 Celsius degrees respectively. The project objectives including the identification of the genetic structure of the species, and draw the phylogenetic trees using two genes 16SrRNA, making identification and registration of specified computer storage and regulate the structure and management of mentioned species by focus on genetic resources 10 species of majour commercial and noncommercial fishes in the Persia Gulf and Oman Sea through the creation of an integrated network of aquatic genetic resources in the region to try to identify genetic resources and aquatic gene bank. This type of analysis could be considered as an important tool to be used in broodstock selection in breeding programs. Also identify the species of fish named as Pseudorhombus pentophthalmus with a new haplotype and genetic differences 7% in compare to the samples recorded in the World gene Bank can considered as a major achievements of this research

ICAR: endoscopic skull‐base surgery

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A rare tonsillar disease

A 16 year old woman with Tangier disease in palatine tonsils is reported. She has recurrent sore throat. In physical examination the palatine tonsils are hypertrophied and has very yellowish points. The facial skin is yellowish but the skin of another areas of body is normal. After tonsillectomy the pathologist report Tangier disease in palatine tonsil