Effects of Vegetation Structure and Plant Height When Grazed on Persistency of Meadow Fescue Pasture

An intensive grazing technique using meadow fescue (Mf) pasture has been developed in northern Japan, where soil freezes in winter. It has been shown that the appropriate plant height of Mf pasture when grazed for persistency is about 27 cm. When Mf and perennial ryegrass (Pr) pastures were grazed at the same plant height of 20 cm, vegetation of Mf pasture declined and plant length of Mf pasture was longer than that of Pr pasture (Sudo et al., 2002). These phenomena might be due to the effects of differences in grass species and plant height when grazed on vegetation structure, but the mechanisms are not clear. This study was conducted to elucidate the mechanisms of these phenomena. Data on plant height and length obtained in previous studies were reviewed, and pot tests were carried out to reproduce the phenomena

A generalization of determinant formulas for the solutions of Painlev\'e II and XXXIV equations

A generalization of determinant formulas for the classical solutions of Painlev\'e XXXIV and Painlev\'e II equations are constructed using the technique of Darboux transformation and Hirota's bilinear formalism. It is shown that the solutions admit determinant formulas even for the transcendental case.Comment: 20 pages, LaTeX 2.09(IOP style), submitted to J. Phys.

START: Smoothed particle hydrodynamics with tree-based accelerated radiative transfer

We present a novel radiation hydrodynamics code, START, which is a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) scheme coupled with accelerated radiative transfer. The basic idea for the acceleration of radiative transfer is parallel to the tree algorithm that is hitherto used to speed up the gravitational force calculation in an N-body system. It is demonstrated that the radiative transfer calculations can be dramatically accelerated, where the computational time is scaled as Np log Ns for Np SPH particles and Ns radiation sources. Such acceleration allows us to readily include not only numerous sources but also scattering photons, even if the total number of radiation sources is comparable to that of SPH particles. Here, a test simulation is presented for a multiple source problem, where the results with START are compared to those with a radiation SPH code without tree-based acceleration. We find that the results agree well with each other if we set the tolerance parameter as < 1.0, and then it demonstrates that START can solve radiative transfer faster without reducing the accuracy. One of important applications with START is to solve the transfer of diffuse ionizing photons, where each SPH particle is regarded as an emitter. To illustrate the competence of START, we simulate the shadowing effect by dense clumps around an ionizing source. As a result, it is found that the erosion of shadows by diffuse recombination photons can be solved. Such an effect is of great significance to reveal the cosmic reionization process.Comment: 14 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in MNRA

Tabulation of PVI Transcendents and Parametrization Formulas (August 17, 2011)

The critical and asymptotic behaviors of solutions of the sixth Painlev\'e equation PVI, obtained in the framework of the monodromy preserving deformation method, and their explicit parametrization in terms of monodromy data, are tabulated.Comment: 30 pages, 1 figure; Nonlinearity 201

High stability design for new centrifugal compressor

It is essential that high-performance centrifugal compressors be free of subsynchronous vibrations. A new high-performance centrifugal compressor has been developed by applying the latest rotordynamics knowledge and design techniques: (1) To improve the system damping, a specially designed oil film seal was developed. This seal attained a damping ratio three times that of the conventional design. The oil film seal contains a special damper ring in the seal cartridge. (2) To reduce the destabilizing effect of the labyrinth seal, a special swirl canceler (anti-swirl nozzle) was applied to the balance piston seal. (3) To confirm the system damping margin, the dynamic simulation rotor model test and the full load test applied the vibration exciting test in actual load conditions

Epidemiology of hepatocellular carcinoma in Japan

The original publication is available at www.springerlink.comArticleJOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY. 44:102-107 (2009)journal articl

Severe hepatic injury caused by orlistat

ArticleAMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE. 119(8): E7-E7journal articl

Mortality secondary to fulminant hepatic failure in patients with prior resolution of hepatitis B virus infection in Japan

© 2006 by [The University of Chicago Press ]ArticleCLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES. 47(5):E52-E56(2008)journal articl

Theoretical Models of Multi-waveband QSO Luminosity Functions

Cosmological evolution of the QSO luminosity functions (LFs) at NIR/optical/X-ray bands for 1.3 < z < 3.5 is investigated based on the realistic QSO spectra. The accretion-disk theory predicts that although QSO luminosities only depend on mass-accretion rate, \Mdot, QSO spectra have a dependence on black-hole mass, M_{BH}, as well. The smaller M_{BH} is and/or the larger \Mdot is, the harder becomes the QSO NIR/optical/UV spectrum. We model disk spectra which can reproduce these features and calculated LFs for redshift z ~ 3 with the assumption of new-born QSOs being shining at the Eddington luminosity. The main results are: (i) the observed LFs at optical and X-rays can be simultaneously reproduced. (ii) LFs at optical and X-ray bands are not sensitive to M_{BH}, while LFs at NIR bands are; about one order of magnitude difference is expected in volume number densities at L_{I, J} ~ 10^{46} erg s^{-1} between the case that all QSOs would have the same spectral shape as that of M_{BH} = 10^{9} M_sun and the case with M_{BH} = 10^{11} M_sun. (iii) The resultant LFs at NIR are dominated by 10^{7} M_sun black-holes at L_{I, J} ~ 10^{44} erg s^{-1}, and by 10^{11} M_sun black-holes at L_{I, J} \~ 10^{46} erg s^{-1}. Future infrared observations from space(e.g.NGST) will probe cosmological evolution of black hole masses. For redshift z < 3, on the other hand, the observed optical/X-ray LFs can be fitted, if the initial QSO luminosity L_0 is below the Eddington luminosity. Interestingly, the best fitting values of l = L_0/L_{Edd} are different in B- and X-ray bands; l_B ~ 2.5 l_X. The reason for this discrepancy is briefly discussed.Comment: 10 pages,7 Figures,to be published in Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japa