Additional file 1: of Cytokine levels and associations with symptom severity in male and female children with autism spectrum disorder

Supplementary Information. (DOCX 3801 kb

Slamming the door on trade policy discretion? : the WTO Appellate Body’s ruling on market distortions and production costs in EU-Biodiesel (Argentina)

This paper presents a legal-economic analysis of the Appellate Body’s decision that the WTO’s Anti-Dumping Agreement (ADA) precludes countries from taking into account government-created price distortions of major inputs when calculating anti-dumping duties, made in EU-Biodiesel (Argentina). In this case, the EU made adjustments to the price of biodiesel’s principal input – soybeans – in determining the cost of production of biodiesel in Argentina. The adjustment was made based on the uncontested finding that the price of soybeans in Argentina was distorted by the existence of an export tax scheme that resulted in artificially low soybean prices. The Appellate Body found that the EU was not permitted to take tax policy-induced price distortions into account in calculating dumping margins. We analyze the economic rationale for Argentina’s export tax system, distortions in biodiesel markets in Argentina and the EU, and the remaining trade policy options for addressing distorted international prices. We also assess whether existing subsidies disciplines would be more effective in addressing this problem and conclude that they would not

Manhattan plot of genotyped SNPs from logistic additive model.

<p>A) all samples, B) exposed samples.</p

eQTL: <i>PVT1</i> and <i>MYC</i> gene-expression levels in blood cells across rs78941347 genotypes.

<p>eQTL: <i>PVT1</i> and <i>MYC</i> gene-expression levels in blood cells across rs78941347 genotypes.</p

Summary statistics of all the subjects included in the Italian GWAS.

<p>Summary statistics of all the subjects included in the Italian GWAS.</p

Regional replication of Italian top signals in the Australian study for 5 out of the 20 regions.

<p>(1-tailed binomial test and meta-analysis).</p>a<p>NCBI36/hg18.</p>b<p>Italian study.</p>c<p>Australian study.</p

Italian top 12 genotyped SNP list (2-tailed logistic regression, n = 759 overall, n = 593 exposed only).

<p>Italian top 12 genotyped SNP list (2-tailed logistic regression, n = 759 overall, n = 593 exposed only).</p

Nested multivariate logistic regression models: 1) model 1, without genetic component; 2) model 2, with genetic component.

*<p>adjusted for age, gender and center of recruitment.</p><p>MODEL 1: AIC = 871.3, AUC = 0.76.</p><p>MODEL 2: AIC = 730.27, AUC = 0.86.</p

Receiver Operating Curves (ROC) for the two multivariate models including asbestos exposure 1) without and 2) with the 10 most robust and significant genetic variants.

<p>Receiver Operating Curves (ROC) for the two multivariate models including asbestos exposure 1) without and 2) with the 10 most robust and significant genetic variants.</p

Region-, Gene- and GO process-based analysis on top SNPs (1-tailed binomial test, n = 759, alpha 0.0025, alpha = 0.01, alpha = 0.025, respectively).

<p>Region-, Gene- and GO process-based analysis on top SNPs (1-tailed binomial test, n = 759, alpha 0.0025, alpha = 0.01, alpha = 0.025, respectively).</p