Un método para alinear series temporales basado en características de la envolvente como punto de anclaje

In the field of time series analysis, there is not a unique recipe for studying signal similarities. When having the repetition of a pattern, averaging different signals of the same nature could be complicated. Sometimes averaging is essential in the analysis of the data. Here we propose a method to align and average segments of time series with similar patterns. For this procedure, a simple implementation based on python code is provided. This analysis was inspired by the study of canary sound syllables, but it is possible to apply it in semi-periodic signals of different nature, not necessarily related to sounds.Fil: Jarne, Cecilia Gisele. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Física; Argentin

A method for estimation of fundamental frequency for tonal sounds inspired on bird song studies

In this work a simple implementation of fundamental frequency estimation is presented. The algorithm is based on a frequency-domain approach. It was mainly developed for tonal sounds and it was used in Canary birdsong analysis. The method was implemented but not restricted for this kind of data. It could be easily adapted for other sounds. Python libraries were used to develop a code with a simple algorithm to obtain fundamental frequency. An open source code is provided in the local university repository and Github. • The algorithm and the implementation are very simple and cover a set of potential applications for signal analysis.• Code implementation is written in python, very easy to use and modify.• Present method is proposed to analyze data from sounds of Serinus canaria.Fil: Jarne, Cecilia Gisele. Universidad Nacional de Quilmes. Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Estudios de composición primaria en base a distribuciones temporales en el detector de superficie del Observatorio Pierre Auger

El presente trabajo de tesis se enmarca dentro de las actividades de investigación del Observatorio Pierre Auger. En particular, se estudió la posibilidad de utilizar un nuevo parámetro sensible a composición, que surge del estudio de las distribuciones de tiempos de arribo de las partículas secundarias en los detectores de superficie. La idea general consiste en utilizar el valor del risetime de las señales en los detectores de superficie a 1000 metros del punto de impacto de la lluvia (R1000), estudiando la forma de las distribuciones obtenidas a partir de dicho parámetro. En el proceso de construcción del nuevo parámetro que describe la forma de las distribuciones de R1000, se ha contribuido también a la optimización del cálculo del risetime y sus incertezas. En el capítulo 1 del presente trabajo se introduce el marco teórico relacionado a los rayos cósmicos ultraenergéticos. Se presentar a la física relacionada con las cascadas de partículas secundarias destacando las propiedades sensibles a composición primaria. En los capítulos 2 y 3 se describe el Observatorio Pierre Auger y el modo en que son detectadas las lluvias de partículas, dando una explicación detallada del funcionamiento del detector. En el capítulo 4 se mostrarán los resultados más relevantes obtenidos por la colaboración del Observatorio Pierre Auger. A partir del capítulo 5 se describen los estudios específicos y originales realizados en el marco del presente trabajo de tesis. En el capítulo 5 se presentan los resultados de estudios de estabilidad a largo plazo del detector de superficie, fundamentales para todo análisis basado en los datos de dicho detector. En el capítulo 6, se presentan los resultados obtenidos para la optimización en el cálculo del risetime a 1000 metros así como las modificaciones que a partir de estos estudios se han incluido en el software de reconstrucción de las lluvias. El capítulo 7 contiene los estudios realizados sobre la distribución del risetime a 1000 metros y los parámetros que describen su forma, analizando su evolución en función de la energía. Se discuten también los resultados obtenidos. Finalmente en el capítulo 8 se presentan los resultados del análisis estadístico efectuado sobre las distribuciones completas de R1000, y su discusión. Finalmente se presentan las conclusiones y perspectivas futuras a partir de esta tesis.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Composition studies of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays at the Pierre Auger Observatory

To understand the origin and nature of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays their mass composition must be known. The Pierre Auger Observatory is an instrument which provides valuable information for the determination of the primary mass. Different parameters that describe various characteristics of the shower development and at the same time are sensitive to the primary mass are discussed. Their energy dependence and a comparison with predictions from different models are also presented.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Composition studies of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays at the Pierre Auger Observatory

To understand the origin and nature of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays their mass composition must be known. The Pierre Auger Observatory is an instrument which provides valuable information for the determination of the primary mass. Different parameters that describe various characteristics of the shower development and at the same time are sensitive to the primary mass are discussed. Their energy dependence and a comparison with predictions from different models are also presented.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Markov-chain approach to the distribution of ancestors in species of biparental reproduction

We studied how to obtain a distribution for the number of ancestors in species of sexual reproduction. Present models concentrate on the estimation of distributions repetitions of ancestors in genealogical trees. It has been shown that it is not possible to reconstruct the genealogical history of each species along all its generations by means of a geometric progression. This analysis demonstrates that it is possible to rebuild the tree of progenitors by modeling the problem with a Markov chain. For each generation, the maximum number of possible ancestors is different. This presents huge problems for the resolution. We found a solution through a dilation of the sample space, although the distribution defined there takes smaller values with respect to the initial problem. In order to correct the distribution for each generation, we introduced the invariance under a gauge (local) group of dilations. These ideas can be used to study the interaction of several processes and provide a new approach on the problem of the common ancestor. In the same direction, this model also provides some elements that can be used to improve models of animal reproduction.Instituto de Física La Plat

Composition studies of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays at the Pierre Auger Observatory

To understand the origin and nature of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays their mass composition must be known. The Pierre Auger Observatory is an instrument which provides valuable information for the determination of the primary mass. Different parameters that describe various characteristics of the shower development and at the same time are sensitive to the primary mass are discussed. Their energy dependence and a comparison with predictions from different models are also presented.Facultad de Ciencias Exacta

Determinación del punto de impacto del eje de lluvias inclinadas de partículas secundarias y su efecto en la composición primaria

El Observatorio Pierre Auger ha sido diseñado como un detector híbrido combinando detectores de partículas Cherenkov cubriendo una superficie de 3000 km2 y 24 telescopios de fluorescencia en la periferia del arreglo de superficie. En este trabajo presentamos el efecto de la determinación del punto de impacto de lluvias inclinadas en el análisis de un observable que permite estudiar la composición primaria de los rayos cósmicos de ultra alta energía por encima de los 3,16 x 1018 eV.The Pierre Auger Observatory has been designed as an hybrid detector using Cherenkov Detectors for a surface array of 3000 km and 24 florecense telescopes sorrounding the array area. In this work we present the effect of the core reconstruction of inclined extensive air showers on the analysis of an observable to study mass composition of High Energy Cosmic Rays above 3,16 x 1018 eV.Instituto de Física La Plat

An algorithm to represent inbreeding trees

Recent work has proven the existence of extreme inbreeding in a European ancestry sample taken from the contemporary UK population (Yengo et al., 2019). This result brings our attention again to a math problem related to inbreeding family trees and diversity. Groups with a finite number of individuals could give a variety of genetic relationships. In previous works (Caruso and Jarne, 2015; Caruso and Jarne, 2014; Jarne and Caruso, 2019), we have addressed the issue of building inbreeding trees for biparental reproduction using Markovian models. Here, we extend these studies by presenting an algorithm to generate and represent inbreeding trees with no overlapping generations. We explicitly assume a two-gender reproductory scheme, and we pay particular attention to the links between nodes. We show that even for a simple case with a relatively small number of nodes in the tree, there are a large number of possible ways to rearrange the links between generations. We present an open-source python code to generate the tree graph, the adjacency matrix, and the histogram of the links for each different tree representation. We show how this mapping reflects the difference between tree realizations, and how valuable information may be extracted upon inspection of these matrices. The algorithm includes a feature to average several tree realizations, obtain the connectivity distribution, and calculate the mean value and standard deviation. We used this feature to compare trees with a different number of generations and nodes. The code presented here, available in Git-Hub, may be easily modified to be applied to other areas of interest involving connections between individuals, extend the study to add more characteristics of the different nodes, etc.Instituto de Física de Líquidos y Sistemas Biológico

Measurement of the Radiation Energy in the Radio Signal of Extensive Air Showers as a Universal Estimator of Cosmic-Ray Energy

We measure the energy emitted by extensive air showers in the form of radio emission in the frequency range from 30 to 80 MHz. Exploiting the accurate energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory, we obtain a radiation energy of 15.8±0.7(stat)±6.7(syst) MeV for cosmic rays with an energy of 1 EeV arriving perpendicularly to a geomagnetic field of 0.24 G, scaling quadratically with the cosmic-ray energy. A comparison with predictions from state-of-the-art first-principles calculations shows agreement with our measurement. The radiation energy provides direct access to the calorimetric energy in the electromagnetic cascade of extensive air showers. Comparison with our result thus allows the direct calibration of any cosmic-ray radio detector against the well-established energy scale of the Pierre Auger Observatory.La lista completa de autores que integran el documento puede consultarse en el archivoInstituto de Física La Plat