Ground Flax and other Protein Supplements with Corn for Fattening Calves and Pigs

This bulletin includes the results of an experiment in feeding supplements with corn to calves and pigs for the purpose of fattening

Rye as a Fattening Feed for Cattle and Swine in South Dakota

The growing of rye as a grain crop is practiced quite generally throughout South Dakota. Statistics issued by the State Department of Agriculture at Pierre show that there were over one-eighth as many acres of rye as wheat grown in 1930. About one-fifth of the total acreage is credited to the counties in the North Central and the Northeastern districts in the East River section, while the largest county acreage is credited to Tripp county in the South Central-district in the West River country. All counties with the exception of two are credited with rye acreage. Corn and barley are the principal feeds grown in the State for fattening both cattle and swine. Feeding rye to livestock under ordinary conditions is not practiced to any great extent because the price as a rule is too high when compared with the prices of corn and barley. Conditions sometimes arise, however, which make it advisable to use rye for feeding purposes. The widespread cultivation of rye over the state, the inaccessibility of markets in many cases, and the relatively low market value during the last three years probably are the principal factors responsible for the increased inquiry as to the suitability of this grain as a feed for fattening livestock. In Henry and Morrison\u27s tables of digestibility of grains we find that in composition, rye resembles wheat and barley more than it does corn, although practically the same in digestible nutrients as corn. From these data corn has from three to four times as much digestible fat as rye, while barley and rye both have more digestible crude protein than corn. Perchance these differences in composition were the principal causes of difficulties experienced in feeding rye both whole and ground as the sole grain rations

Response of Plant Water Potential to the Irrigated Environment of Southern Idaho

Laboratory studies have shown that plant water potential affects a number of key processes involved in growth, but there has been almost no information on what levels of water potential occur under irrigated conditions in the field. Before assessing the practical implication of laboratory results on soil and crop management, this type of information must be available. Consequently, plant water potential in irrigated crops of Zea mays, Triticum aestivum, Hordeum vulgaris, Phaseolus vulgaris, Pisum sativum, Solanum tuberosum, Beta vulgaris, and Medicago sativa, L. was measured throughout the growing season in southern Idaho. Soil moisture conditions and potential evapotranspiration were monitored. Daily changes in plant water potential varied from less than 5 bars to more than 20 bars, while random sampling of supposedly homogeneous sets of plants showed an average variation of about 2 bars. Changes due to differences in soil moisture were also detected, even though the soil moisture potential was kept high enough for near-optimum crop production. Though the crops differed widely in their response to changes in environment, the plant water potential was strongly affected by microclimatic conditions. Day-to-day changes in plant water potential generally correlated more closely with changes in potential evapotranspiration than with changes in soil moisture content. Many of the daily changes observed in the plants remain unexplained, however. In general, the average water potential levels of all the field-grown plants were lower than levels reported from growth chamber studies. Potentials seldom rose above —8 bars and were never observed above —5 bars

Methods of Feeding and Grain Rations for Fattening Lambs

This bulletin gives the results of an experiment extending over a period of three years on the methods of feeding and the grain rations for fattening lambs

Value of Grinding Grains and Roughages for Livestock

This experiment was conducted in cooperation with the departments of Agricultural Engineering, Animal Husbandry and Dairy Husbandry of South Dakota State College. The department of Agricultural Engineering ground the grains and roughages with a burr grinder. For power a tractor was used, such as is found on any farm where grinding is practiced. The departments of Animal Husbandry and Dairy Husbandry fed these ground grains and roughages to livestock of the different kinds. There has been for some time, and there is today a demand for information along these lines because some farmers who have purchased tractors to assist with the farm work are eager to utilize this machinery to the best advantage during the idle period. Naturally, the question of grinding all the roughages and grains grown on the farm before feeding to all kinds of livestock is suggested. This experiment did not include all of the grains and roughages but only some of those that are more commonly grown in the state. We know there are feeds that would be more palatable for some livestock if ground than unground. Palatability is an important factor in all feeding operations. The practice of mixing ground grains and roughages at the time of grinding has been advocated by some; because of this we fed the ground feeds mixed, as well as in separate troughs, to learn whether there was any great advantage in feeding in this manner. Therefore, this bulletin not only includes the advantages and disadvantages of feeding ground grains and ground roughages, as such, in separate troughs but the advantages and disadvantages of feeding the ground feeds mixed. There are more mixed feeds for sale at the present time than ever before. In some cases feeds are mixed while being ground, but in our mixing we aimed to mix the same quantity of each as animals were consuming when the ground feeds were fed in separate troughs. It required time to mix these feeds daily but in figuring the cost of producing 100 pounds of gain we have not included anything for this chore

Quenching time-scales of galaxies in the EAGLE simulations

Large scale structure and cosmolog

Amplitude measurements of Faraday waves

A light reflection technique is used to measure quantitatively the surface elevation of Faraday waves. The performed measurements cover a wide parameter range of driving frequencies and sample viscosities. In the capillary wave regime the bifurcation diagrams exhibit a frequency independent scaling proportional to the wavelength. We also provide numerical simulations of the full Navier-Stokes equations, which are in quantitative agreement up to supercritical drive amplitudes of 20%. The validity of an existing perturbation analysis is found to be limited to 2.5% overcriticaly.Comment: 7 figure