Large Magnetic Susceptibility Anisotropy of Metallic Carbon Nanotubes

Through magnetic linear dichroism spectroscopy, the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy of metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes has been extracted and found to be 2-4 times greater than values for semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. This large anisotropy is consistent with our calculations and can be understood in terms of large orbital paramagnetism of electrons in metallic nanotubes arising from the Aharonov-Bohm-phase-induced gap opening in a parallel field. We also compare our values with previous work for semiconducting nanotubes, which confirm a break from the prediction that the magnetic susceptibility anisotropy increases linearly with the diameter.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Mobility of Ca during Formation of Grossular-rich Veins in Ca-Al-rich Inclusions from the CV3 Chondrite Allende.

第3回極域科学シンポジウム/第35回南極隕石シンポジウム 11月30日（金） 国立国語研究所 2階講

Petrology of Chondrule Rims in Yamato-791498 and Asuka-881828, the Least-Altered CR Chondrites in the Japanese NIPR Collection

CR chondrites are a group of car-bonaceous chondrites with well-preserved records of formation of their components in the solar nebula. The CR chondrites have undergone a wide range of aqueous alteration from nearly anhydrous (CR2.8 or CR3.0) to extensive recrystallization of primary minerals, including replacement of coarse-grained silicates in chondrules (CR2.0). At the same time, CRs have experienced only minor thermal metamorphism except for rare CR6 samples. Identifying minimally altered CR chondrites is a priority because they preserve (1) relatively pristine records of the solar nebula and (2) minerals and textures at the beginning stages of aqueous alteration. Here we report the petrologic characteristics of Y-791498 and A-881828 as the least aqueously altered CR chondrites in the Japanese NIPR meteorite collection. Previous studies have shown that fine-grained rims on chondrules are indicators of incipient alteration of primitive CR chondrites, there-fore we focus on rims around chondrules in the two meteorites

Evidence for Incipient Alteration in Amoeboid Olivine Aggregates from the Ungrouped Carbonaceous Chondrite NWA 1152.

第3回極域科学シンポジウム/第35回南極隕石シンポジウム 11月30日（金） 国立国語研究所 2階講

Evolution of Trapped vs. Main Liquids during Crystallization of Northwest Africa 773 Olivine Cumulate.

第2回極域科学シンポジウム/第34回南極隕石シンポジウム 11月18日（金） 国立国語研究所 2階講

Robustness of steady state and stochastic cyclicity in generalized coalescence-fragmentation models

Processes of coalescence and fragmentation are used to understand the time-evolution of the mass distribution of various systems and may result in a steady state or in stable deterministic or stochastic cycles. Motivated by applications in insurgency warfare we investigate coalescence-fragmentation systems. We begin with a simple model of size-biased coalescence accompanied by shattering into monomers. Depending on the parameters this model has an approximately power-law-distributed steady state or stochastic cycles of alternating gelation and shattering. We conduct stochastic simulations of this model and its generalizations to include different kernel types, accretion and erosion, and various distributions of non-shattering fragmentation. Our central aim is to explore the robustness of the steady state and gel-shatter cycles to these variations. We show that an approximate power-law steady state persists with the addition of accretion and erosion, and with partial rather than total shattering. However, broader distributions of fragment sizes typically vitiate both the power law steady state and gel-shatter cyclicity. This work clarifies features shown in coalescence/fragmentation model simulations and elucidates the relationship between the microscopic dynamics and observed phenomena in this widely applicable interdisciplinary model type.Comment: 29 pages, 13 Figure

Compositional differences in soybeans on the market: glyphosate accumulates in Roundup Ready GM soybeans

This article is part of Marek Cuhra's doctoral thesis which is available in Munin at http://hdl.handle.net/10037/7869This article describes the nutrient and elemental composition, including residues of herbicides and pesticides, of 31 soybean batches from Iowa, USA. The soy samples were grouped into three different categories: (i) genetically modified, glyphosate-tolerant soy (GM-soy); (ii) unmodified soy cultivated using a conventional ‘‘chemical’’ cultivation regime; and (iii) unmodified soy cultivated using an organic cultivation regime. Organic soybeans showed the healthiest nutritional profile with more sugars, such as glucose, fructose, sucrose and maltose, significantly more total protein, zinc and less fibre than both conventional and GM-soy. Organic soybeans also contained less total saturated fat and total omega-6 fatty acids than both conventional and GM-soy. GM-soy contained high residues of glyphosate and AMPA (mean 3.3 and 5.7 mg/kg, respectively). Conventional and organic soybean batches contained none of these agrochemicals. Using 35 different nutritional and elemental variables to characterise each soy sample, we were able to discriminate GM, conventional and organic soybeans without exception, demonstrating ‘‘substantial non-equivalence’’ in compositional characteristics for ‘ready-to-market’ soybeans

A TEM and FE-SEM Study of Two Stardust Cometary Particles Extracted From Tracks T111 and T112.

第2回極域科学シンポジウム/第34回南極隕石シンポジウム 11月17日（木） 国立国語研究所 2階講

Electrochemically controlled growth and positioning of suspended collagen membranes

Two independently recognized in vitro polymer aggregation variables, electric field and pH, can be used in concert to produce suspended membranes from solutions of type I collagen monomers, without need of a supporting substrate. A collagen network film can form at the alkalineacidic pH interface created during the normal course of water electrolysis with parallel plate electrodes, and the anchoring location can be controlled by adjusting the bulk electrolyte pH. Electrosynthesized films remain intact upon drying and rehydration and function as ion separation membranes even in submillimeter channels. This approach could benefit lab-on-a-chip technologies for rational placement of membranes in microfluidic devices