545 research outputs found
Urban Influencers: An Analysis of Urban Identity in YouTube Content of Local Social Media Influencers in a Super-Diverse City
Influencers belong to the daily media diet of many adolescents. As role models, they
have the potential to play a crucial role in the identity construction of their viewers. In
the age of social media, such role models may now be found more locally – in the same
city – and perhaps with more diverse backgrounds. This may be particularly valuable to
adolescents growing up in super-diverse cities, as they are surrounded by a multitude of
groups and identities during a life phase in which they have to make sense of who they
are and where they belong. Despite the heterogeneity of these identities, there is one
thing all have in common: the city they live in. With the city as a common framework,
local influencers may be important role models for these adolescents, particularly in
negotiating their urban identity. This paper aims toward mapping the ways in which
social media can play a role in the negotiation of urban identity among youngsters by
investigating how YouTube influencers from a super-diverse city are related to each
other online, and how their content relates to the (super-diverse) city of Rotterdam.
Findings show that in their videos and on their channel pages, influencers mainly affiliate
themselves with the city through having the city as the background and context of the
videos, through their involvement with cultural trends (e.g., soccer, hip-hop) that link to
the city, and through their affiliation with other local influencers. We argue that influencers
may therefore provide their viewers with
A stochastic model of Min oscillations in Escherichia coli and Min protein segregation during cell division
The Min system in Escherichia coli directs division to the centre of the cell
through pole-to-pole oscillations of the MinCDE proteins. We present a one
dimensional stochastic model of these oscillations which incorporates membrane
polymerisation of MinD into linear chains. This model reproduces much of the
observed phenomenology of the Min system, including pole-to-pole oscillations
of the Min proteins. We then apply this model to investigate the Min system
during cell division. Oscillations continue initially unaffected by the closing
septum, before cutting off rapidly. The fractions of Min proteins in the
daughter cells vary widely, from 50%-50% up to 85%-15% of the total from the
parent cell, suggesting that there may be another mechanism for regulating
these levels in vivo.Comment: 19 pages, 12 figures (25 figure files); published at
http://www.iop.org/EJ/journal/physbi
Low Cost and Compact Quantum Cryptography
We present the design of a novel free-space quantum cryptography system,
complete with purpose-built software, that can operate in daylight conditions.
The transmitter and receiver modules are built using inexpensive off-the-shelf
components. Both modules are compact allowing the generation of renewed shared
secrets on demand over a short range of a few metres. An analysis of the
software is shown as well as results of error rates and therefore shared secret
yields at varying background light levels. As the system is designed to
eventually work in short-range consumer applications, we also present a use
scenario where the consumer can regularly 'top up' a store of secrets for use
in a variety of one-time-pad and authentication protocols.Comment: 18 pages, 9 figures, to be published in New Journal of Physic
Holographic fabrication of 3D photonic crystals using silicon based reflective optics element
We present a silicon based single optical element that is able to automatically generate desired laser beam polarizations and intensities for the holographic fabrication of woodpile-type photonic crystal templates. A polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold based reflective optics element is fabricated for the generation of five-beam interferences where four beams are arranged four-fold symmetrically around a central beam. Silicon chips in the inner surfaces of the mold are used to reflect the circularly or elliptically polarized beam into four side beams that are linearly polarized with electric fields normal to the incident plane, and reduce their laser intensities. Photonic crystal templates are holographically fabricated in a photosensitive polymer through this silicon-on-PDMS based single optical element and single beam based configuration. © 2012 Optical Society of America
An Algebraic Approach to Linear-Optical Schemes for Deterministic Quantum Computing
Linear-Optical Passive (LOP) devices and photon counters are sufficient to
implement universal quantum computation with single photons, and particular
schemes have already been proposed. In this paper we discuss the link between
the algebraic structure of LOP transformations and quantum computing. We first
show how to decompose the Fock space of N optical modes in finite-dimensional
subspaces that are suitable for encoding strings of qubits and invariant under
LOP transformations (these subspaces are related to the spaces of irreducible
unitary representations of U(N)). Next we show how to design in algorithmic
fashion
LOP circuits which implement any quantum circuit deterministically. We also
present some simple examples, such as the circuits implementing a CNOT gate and
a Bell-State Generator/Analyzer.Comment: new version with minor modification
Model for eukaryotic tail-anchored protein binding based on the structure of Get3
The Get3 ATPase directs the delivery of tail-anchored (TA) proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). TA-proteins are characterized by having a single transmembrane helix (TM) at their extreme C terminus and include many essential proteins, such as SNAREs, apoptosis factors, and protein translocation components. These proteins cannot follow the SRP-dependent co-translational pathway that typifies most integral membrane proteins; instead, post-translationally, these proteins are recognized and bound by Get3 then delivered to the ER in the ATP dependent Get pathway. To elucidate a molecular mechanism for TA protein binding by Get3 we have determined three crystal structures in apo and ADP forms from Saccharomyces cerevisae (ScGet3-apo) and Aspergillus fumigatus (AfGet3-apo and AfGet3-ADP). Using structural information, we generated mutants to confirm important interfaces and essential residues. These results point to a model of how Get3 couples ATP hydrolysis to the binding and release of TA-proteins
Entangled state quantum cryptography: Eavesdropping on the Ekert protocol
Using polarization-entangled photons from spontaneous parametric
downconversion, we have implemented Ekert's quantum cryptography protocol. The
near-perfect correlations of the photons allow the sharing of a secret key
between two parties. The presence of an eavesdropper is continually checked by
measuring Bell's inequalities. We investigated several possible eavesdropper
strategies, including pseudo-quantum non-demolition measurements. In all cases,
the eavesdropper's presence was readily apparent. We discuss a procedure to
increase her detectability.Comment: 4 pages, 2 encapsulated postscript files, PRL (tentatively) accepte
Tailoring in the digital era
In today’s media landscape, audiences increasingly turn to online communities for media consumption and to exchange information about specific niche interests such as health-related topics. This calls for a segmented approach in which interventions are targeted at online communities, tailored to their specific cultures and health-related perceptions, and leverage the dynamics of conversation and social influence in online networks. Strategies drawn from the field of influencer marketing provide interesting opportunities to reach and engage with audiences in a personally relevant manner, including with those who may disagree with an intervention’s message.
This article reflects on what health communicators might learn from influencer strategies and proposes digital methods to target and tailor health c
Quantum relays and noise suppression using linear optics
Probabilistic quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements can be performed
using linear optics and post-selection. Here we show how QND devices of this
kind can be used in a straightforward way to implement a quantum relay, which
is capable of extending the range of a quantum cryptography system by
suppressing the effects of detector noise. Unlike a quantum repeater, a quantum
relay system does not require entanglement purification or the ability to store
photons.Comment: minor changes; references adde
- …