The problem of belief in literature.

The writing of imaginative literature is a creative activity and a function of what Coleridge calls the “Esemplastiv Imagination” ; a unifying process, creating a synthesis out of the welter of sense perceptions,associations, ideas, attitudes, volitions, and imaginative experiences of the human mind. As Shakespeare says, the poet gives to “airy nothing”,in the sense of vague and confused feelings and thoughts, “a local habitation and a name”

ADDICTIVE SOCIAL MEDIA USE: EXAMINATION OF THE PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES OF THE ARABIC BERGEN SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION SCALE AND THE MEDIATIONAL ROLE OF SENSE OF CONTROL IN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND SOCIAL MEDIA ADDICTION

The period of COVID-19 has proven to be a turbulent period where extreme psychological trends can be examined due to lockdown procedures, social isolation, and public fear. The use of technology such as social media has increased with research highlighting the harm of overuse. The purpose of the current study is to investigate the psychometric properties of an Arabic translated version of the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale (BSMAS) to assess for addictive social media use. Secondly, the study further examines the association between depression, social media addiction, and an individual’s sense of control. Specifically, the potential mediational role of control in the association between depression and social media addiction. A cross sectional study was implemented within two separate national contexts, Egypt, and the United Arab Emirates (UAE), with a sample of 1322 participants (mage = 19.50 years, SD = 1.54) university students. Participants completed a questionnaire consisting of the Arabic translated BSMAS, Depression subscale of the Depression Anxiety Stress Scales (DASS-21) as well as the Niemeyer Two Item Scale for measuring sense of control. Results found that the Arabic translated BSMAS produced a unidimensional factor structure, like its previous language versions, and satisfied various indices of reliability and validity. Results further indicated a statistically significant link between depression, social media addiction and sense of control, with contributing as a mediating factor between social media addiction and symptoms of depression. This research is unique to the region and has significant implications regarding understanding social media addiction as well as providing researchers and practitioners with a reliable and valid tool to assess for social media addiction

Environmental aspects in trackless mechanised mining.

A project report submitted to the Faculty of Engineering, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, in the partial fulfilment of the requirement for the Degree of Master of Science in EngineeringThe impact of TMMM on Environmental Engineering is pervasive in all aspects. More critical aspects have been evaluated to quantify their impact on air and refrigeration of a typical deep, hot gold mine. ( abbreviation abstract)Andrew Chakane 201

Requirements of a coronary heart disease risk factor intervention programme for the coloured population of the Cape Peninsula

The coloured population of the Cape Peninsula has been identified as having a high prevalence of risk factors for coronary heart disease (CHO), notably hypertension, cigarette smoking and hypercholesterolaemia. The need for an appropriate and effective CHO intervention programme, directed at the population as a whole, has become urgent. Three central problem areas relating to hypertension control - diagnosis, management and compliance - will have to be addressed. Hypertension was underdiagnosed among men, particularly those aged 25 - 44 years. Apart from educating this group regarding the need to have their blood pressure measured, detection programmes are therefore needed at the workplace to improve hypertension diagnosis. Inadequate management of hypertension was commonest in women aged over 45 years. Compliance with hypertension treatment regimens was poor in all men as well as in both sexes belonging to the lower socio-economic strata. Establishing easily accessible blood pressure stations for monitoring blood pressure and educating hypertensives regarding their condition could lead to improved management and compliance. Coloureds were found to smoke heavily, and the women had the highest smoking prevalence of all South African women. Furthermore, the age of onset of smoking is decreasing among coloured children. A general anti-smoking campaign directed at all South Africans is necessary to control smoking. Anti-smoking education programmes at primary school level are of particular importance to prevent the onset of the habit. More than 70% of coloureds had a serum cholesterol level imparting CHO risk, few followed a prudent diet and their knowledge of the prudent diet was poor. Health education programmes to promote the prudent diet are required. The need for. appropriately trained health educators in schools, workplaces, health clinics and all hospitals has been identified. An extensive health education service should be expanded by including the use 'of mass media, particularly television, to promote health.S Afr Med J 1990; 78: 78-8

A seasonal study of the haematology of carp (Cyprinus carpio) from a locality in the Transvaal, South Africa

Various haematological parameters of carp blood were examined on a monthly basis from February to November. Seasonal variations were observed in red and white blood cell counts, in haemoglobin and plasma protein concentrations and in mean corpuscular fragilities. Sexual differences were evident in red blood cell counts, haematocrit values and haemoglobin concentrations. Plasma protein electrophoresis showed marked conformational changes during the study period. The results are discussed in relation to previous findings and also in relation to the use of blood as a possible indicator of breeding season in carp

Detection and measurement of Hypercholesterolaemia in South Africans attending general practitioners in private practice - The cholesterol monitor

Background. 1bis paper reports data on the detection and management of hypercholesterolaemia in patients attending general practitioners in private practice in South Africa.Methods. The frequency of cholesterol testing and the level at which active therapeutic intervention occurred at medical practices were monitored over a 2-year period. A sample of 200 medical practitioners was selected from private practices in major citie;. Data on patients seen by the selected doctors during a 5-day monitoring period were recorded on a standardised form.Results. 12842 patients were seen by the 200 private practice· GPs. More men (18.7%) than women (10.4%) had coronary heart disease (CHD), and their mean total cholesterol (TC) levels were 5.9 mmol/l and 6.0 mmol/l, respectively. Only 3.1% of the patients were reported to have familial hypercholesterolaemia (FH) and 12.8% were reported to have a family history of CHD. Reported smoking rates were exceptionally high (77.5% of women and 64.4% of men). The most commonly prescribed group of lipid-lowering agents was HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors.Conclusions. Inadequate management of hypercholesterol-· aemia leaves many patients with a high risk of CHD mortality in South Africa. Appropriately investigated patients with hypercholesterolaemia should receive treatment to reduce cardiovascular disease using more effective TC control programmes than are currently used in South Africa

THE EFFECTS OF SWEDISH MASSAGE ON PERFORMANCE HORSES IN SOUTH AFRICA

Published ArticleA somatologist receives skilled training in different alternative therapies, as well as the well-being of the entire body. Massages on equine athletes, may not only broaden the horse-loving somatologist's specialising field, but might improve the horses' performance and well-being by using massages, as a warm up/cool down routine. The objective of the research was to investigate the effects of Swedish massage on the performance ability of competitive horses. Swedish massages were applied on thirty horses, from various breeds, representing three disciplines namely Dressage (n=10), Endurance (n=10) and Saddlebred (n=10). Each horse received ten massage treatments over a period of five weeks. The horses' performance improvement was measured to analyse their flexibility, muscle injury and relaxation before and after the massages. Although the blood parameters for muscle injury, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and creatine kinase (CK) did not respond to the Swedish massage, the results indicated that the treatments resulted in significant (P<0.05) lower heart rates, as well as improved flexibility of the horses' necks, backs and shoulders. Human athletes benefit from Swedish massage to enhance their performance ability. Equine athletes have similar ailments as humans and then the possibility exists that equine athletes may benefit as human athletes. This then can be aligned with the somatologists scope of practice and broaden their working field

PROMOTING PROFITABILITY AND SUSTAINABILITY IN THE BACKGROUNDING OF BEEF CALVES: THE ROLE OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION.

Published ArticleThere are indications that the backgrounding of beef calves will become more important in future as heavier beef carcasses are required. To increase the profitability of beef systems, backgrounding prepare weaned calves for finishing on high energy rations to promote rapid weight gain in a feedlot. Backgrounding operations may be pasture or dry-lot based or some combination thereof. The primary objective of this study was to investigate factors leading to poor average daily gain (ADG), high morbidity and mortality rate and the increased costs of gain. The secondary objective was to study the management practices followed in the backgrounding of beef calves concerning purchasing, adaptation, processing, raising, health management and marketing strategies. Forty questionnaires were administered to farmers, small and large feedlots doing backgrounding of beef calves. Data was generated by using the SUM equation and the means, minimum and maximum were generated by using PROC MEANS in SAS (2004). On-farm observations were employed in collecting data and discussions with other farmers and experts doing backgrounding of beef calves. According to this study, the ADG for summer differed significantly (P<0.05) from that of winter as the ADG during summer was 22.2% higher than that of winter. However, the study also showed that the feed intake in summer differed significantly (P<0.05) from that of winter with summer feed intake being 13% higher than winter feed intake. The production costs per calf in this study were R300.50±158.60 for feeding costs, R138.10±90.80 for remedies, R56.40±22.10 for processing and R37.50±24.30 for transport costs. It was also evident that parainflueza 3 known as flu was the infectious disease that mostly led to morbidity and mortality. With protozoal diseases, gall-sickness and red-water was the major cause of mortality. Mortality as a result of nutritional disorder including bloat and acidosis was reported by 37.5% of the respondents. The paper stresses the role of agricultural extension in the optimization of backgrounding systems

Yellowfish and Tigerfish Haematology

No Abstrac

Cytosolic thioredoxin reductase 1 is required for correct disulfide formation in the ER

Folding of proteins entering the secretory pathway in mammalian cells frequently requires the insertion of disulfide bonds. Disulfide insertion can result in covalent linkages found in the native structure as well as those that are not, so‐called non‐native disulfides. The pathways for disulfide formation are well characterized, but our understanding of how non‐native disulfides are reduced so that the correct or native disulfides can form is poor. Here, we use a novel assay to demonstrate that the reduction in non‐native disulfides requires NADPH as the ultimate electron donor, and a robust cytosolic thioredoxin system, driven by thioredoxin reductase 1 (TrxR1 or TXNRD1). Inhibition of this reductive pathway prevents the correct folding and secretion of proteins that are known to form non‐native disulfides during their folding. Hence, we have shown for the first time that mammalian cells have a pathway for transferring reducing equivalents from the cytosol to the ER, which is required to ensure correct disulfide formation in proteins entering the secretory pathway