Atresia anal en el perro y el gato

Ponencia en el XXXI CONGRESO NACIONAL DE LA ASOCIACIÓN MEXICANA DE MÉDICOS VETERINARIOS ESPECIALISTAS EN PEQUEÑAS ESPECIES, A.C.La atresia anal es una patología poco frecuente con una prevalencia del 0.13% y del 1.6% para el caso de los perros y de los gatos menores de un año de edad respectivamente, atendidos en nuestro centro hospitalario. En el presente documento se expone la experiencia en el diagnóstico y manejo de tres pacientes con atresia anal, realizamos una revisión de las teorías de los mecanismos fisiopatológicos involucrados en el desarrollo embrionario, y con base en esos criterios, sugerimos la mejor clasificación del tipo de atresia anal partiendo del análisis de las propuestas existentes y su relación con los conceptos actuales de la anatomía embriológica

Effects of Jejunal Manipulation During Surgical Laparotomy Techniques and Its Evaluation Using Physical, Clinical, and Echographic Parameters in Horses

The laparotomy surgical procedure allows for the identification and correction of intestinal lesions associated with acute abdomen in horses. The clinician relies on various laparotomy techniques to diagnose and treat this syndrome, and to date, the postsurgical effects of these techniques have not been clarified. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of jejunal manipulation during three laparotomy techniques through physical and clinical parameters and echography. Fifteen healthy horses were randomly assigned to three groups: animals in G1 (n 1⁄4 5) were subjected to an exploratory laparotomy, animals in G2 (n 1⁄4 5) to a laparotomy with an enterotomy, and animals in G3 (n 1⁄4 5) to a laparotomy with an enterectomy. Degree of pain, jejunal wall thickness, and clinical parameters were evaluated before and after surgery. Horses in G3 had higher heart rates, respiratory frequency, degree of pain, and je- junal wall thickness compared with G1. Clinical variables during the postsurgical period were compared among the laparotomy techniques, and higher values of erythrocytes, leucocytes, neutrophils, and proteins were found in horses belonging to G3 compared to those in G1. Intestinal manipulation during the surgical procedure altered the physical and clinical pa- rameters, as well as the results of the echography evaluation, with more significant effects from laparotomy with enterectomy. In the postsurgical period, the heart rate of horses in G3 was higher (P 1⁄4 .02) than the values obtained in G1 and G2. Upon the evaluation of degree of pain, statistically significant differences (P 1⁄4 .04) were identified between horses in G1 versus G3. G3 animals presented a higher degree of pain. Regarding the erythrocytes (L/L), higher values were measured in G3 (P 1⁄4 .001) in comparison with G1 and G2. These results suggest that meticulous tissue handling is essential to minimize intestinal trauma and inflammation

Effects over pharmacokinetic , pharmacodynamic and behavioral parameters in horses sedated with detomidine

EFECTOS FARMACOLÓGICOS EN CABALLOS BAJO ANESTESIAThe aim of this study was to review the safety of the detomidine (DET) in horses and the effects of yohimbine (YOH) over pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and behavioral parameters in horses sedated with DET. A literature search was made on PubMed (National Center for Biotechnology Information, United States National Library, Bethesda, MD) and SCOPUS (Elsevier Research Intelligence) for studies that had evaluated the effects of DET or YOH on clinics pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics parameters in horses plus experimental studies with the effect of YOH on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and behavioral parameters in horses sedated with DET. Additionally, information was obtained from studies where DET or YOH was administered alone or in their combination in treatment of horses. Three investigations described the pharmacokinetics or physiologic effects of YOH when administered after DET to reverse the behavioral and physiologic effects of DET. The studies with DET showed that it was more absorbed when administered intramuscular than when administered sublingual. In those studies, they noted important implications, both from therapeutics and regulatory prospective. They demonstrated intravenously administered DET is effective in sedation with effects on cardiovascular effectsUAE