Metric on the space of quantum states from relative entropy. Tomographic reconstruction

In the framework of quantum information geometry, we derive, from quantum relative Tsallis entropy, a family of quantum metrics on the space of full rank, N level quantum states, by means of a suitably defined coordinate free differential calculus. The cases N = 2, N = 3 are discussed in detail and notable limits are analyzed. The radial limit procedure has been used to recover quantum metrics for lower rank states, such as pure states. By using the tomographic picture of quantum mechanics we have obtained the Fisher- Rao metric for the space of quantum tomograms and derived a reconstruction formula of the quantum metric of density states out of the tomographic one. A new inequality obtained for probabilities of three spin-1/2 projections in three perpendicular directions is proposed to be checked in experiments with superconducting circuits.Comment: 31 pages. No figures. Abstract and Introduction rewritten. Minor corrections. References adde

Probability representation in quantum field theory

The recently proposed probability representation of quantum mechanics is generalized to quantum field theory. We introduce a probability distribution functional for field configurations and find an evolution equation for such a distribution. The connection to the time-dependent generating functional of Green's functions is elucidated and the classical limit is discussed

Hyperkalemia and Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System Inhibitors Dose Therapy in Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction.

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi) are known to improve outcomes in patients who have heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). To reduce mortality in these patients, RAASi should be uptitrated to the maximally tolerated dose. However, RAASi may also cause hyperkalemia. As a result of this side-effect, doses of RAASi are reduced, discontinued and seldom reinstated. Thus, the therapeutic target needed in these patients is often not reached because of hyperkalemia. Also, submaximal dosing of RAASi may be a result of symptomatic hypotension, syncope, hypoperfusion, reduced kidney function and other factors. The reduction of RAASi dose leads to adverse outcomes, such as an increased risk of mortality. Management of these side-effects is pivotal to maximise the use of RAASi in HFrEF, particularly in high-risk patients

Quantum Zeno effect and the detection of gravitomagnetism

In this work we introduce two experimental proposals that could shed some light upon the inertial properties of intrinsic spin. In particular we will analyze the role that the gravitomagnetic field of the Earth could have on a quantum system with spin 1/2. We will deduce the expression for Rabi transitions, which depend, explicitly, on the coupling between the spin of the quantum system and the gravitomagnetic field of the Earth. Afterwards, the continuous measurement of the energy of the spin 1/2 system is considered, and an expression for the emerging quantum Zeno effect is obtained. Thus, it will be proved that gravitomagnetism, in connection with spin 1/2 systems, could induce not only Rabi transitions but also a quantum Zeno effect.Comment: Essay awarded with an ``honorable mention'' in the Annual Essay Competition of the Gravity Research Foundation for the year 2000, four new references, discussion enlarged, 9 pages. Accepted in International Journal of Modern Physics

Remoción de colorantes textiles aplicando procesos fotoquímicos oxidativos (UV/H2O2 /lana de acero comercial)

La decoloración/degradación de soluciones acuosas de colorantes textiles sintéticos para teñido en frío (Azul Marino,Naranja y Rojo Fuerte) se logró aplicando un proceso fotoquímico oxidativo en fase heterogénea que utilizaluz UV o radiación solar directa, peróxido de hidrógeno ylana de acero comercial en ovillos de uso doméstico comofuente de Fe0. Las soluciones (1 g L-1) fueron caracterizadasconvenientemente por su Índice de Color. Se analizó el efecto de la concentración de oxidante agregado, de la masa de lana de acero presente en el sistema. Se determinaron las condiciones óptimas para la decoloración/degradación de cada colorante. Se alcanzaron porcentajes de decoloración superiores al 85% tanto cuando la reacción fue asistida por radiación UV (lámparas germicidas) como cuando el sistema fue expuesto a la luz solar directa. La degradación final de las muestras una vez decoloradas se evaluó midiendo la disminución de la bandade absorción a 254 nm como un indicador de la ruptura deanillos aromáticos. El proceso fotodegradativo presentado en este trabajo, llevado a cabo en presencia de hierro cero-valente (lana de acero comercial), es un ejemplo de tecnología más benigna para el medioambiente

Permutation symmetry for the tomographic probability distribution of a system of identical particles

The symmetry properties under permutation of tomograms representing the states of a system of identical particles are studied. Starting from the action of the permutation group on the density matrix we define its action on the tomographic probability distribution. Explicit calculations are performed in the case of the two-dimensional harmonic oscillator.Comment: 13 pages, latex, no figure

Adaptive Algorithms for Batteryless LoRa-Based Sensors

Ambient energy-powered sensors are becoming increasingly crucial for the sustainability of the Internet-of-Things (IoT). In particular, batteryless sensors are a cost-effective solution that require no battery maintenance, last longer and have greater weatherproofing properties due to the lack of a battery access panel. In this work, we study adaptive transmission algorithms to improve the performance of batteryless IoT sensors based on the LoRa protocol. First, we characterize the device power consumption during sensor measurement and/or transmission events. Then, we consider different scenarios and dynamically tune the most critical network parameters, such as inter-packet transmission time, data redundancy and packet size, to optimize the operation of the device. We design appropriate capacity-based storage, considering a renewable energy source (e.g., photovoltaic panel), and we analyze the probability of energy failures by exploiting both theoretical models and real energy traces. The results can be used as feedback to re-design the device to have an appropriate amount energy storage and meet certain reliability constraints. Finally, a cost analysis is also provided for the energy characteristics of our system, taking into account the dimensioning of both the capacitor and solar panel

Urban mining of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) residues with emphasis on bioleaching technologies: a critical review

Metals are essential in our daily lives and have a finite supply, being simultaneously contaminants of concern. The current carbon emissions and environmental impact of mining are untenable. We need to reclaim metals sustainably from secondary resources, like waste. Biotechnology can be applied in metal recovery from waste streams like fly ashes and bottom ashes of municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI). They represent substantial substance flows, with roughly 46 million tons of MSWI ashes produced annually globally, equivalent in elemental richness to low-grade ores for metal recovery. Next-generation methods for resource recovery, as in particular bioleaching, give the opportunity to recover critical materials and metals, appropriately purified for noble applications, in waste treatment chains inspired by circular economy thinking. In this critical review, we can identify three main lines of discussion: (1) MSWI material characterization and related environmental issues; (2) currently available processes for recycling and metal recovery; and (3) microbially assisted processes for potential recycling and metal recovery. Research trends are chiefly oriented to the potential exploitation of bioprocesses in the industry. Biotechnology for resource recovery shows increasing effectiveness especially downstream the production chains, i.e., in the waste management sector. Therefore, this critical discussion will help assessing the industrial potential of biotechnology for urban mining of municipal, post-combustion waste