The Condylar Effects of Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Low-Level Laser Therapy and Grape Seed Extract on Functional Mandibular Advancement of the Rat Mandible

Objective:Functional treatment of Class II malocclusion is expected to lead to adaptation in the condyle. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs), low-level laser therapy (LLLT), and grape-seed extract (GSE) on condylar growth after functional mandibular advancement.Methods:Forty-five rats were randomly divided into 8 groups. Functional appliances were applied to all groups (n=6) except the control group (n=3). One group was treated with appliances only; the other six groups received various combinations of ADMSCs, LLLT, and GSE. Analyses for new osteoblasts and new bone formation, vascular endothelial growth factor, and Type II collagen were performed on condylar tissues, after an experimental period of four weeks. The quantitative data obtained from the results of the experiments were evaluated by H-score and analyzed using One-Way ANOVA by Tukey-Kramer multiple comparisons test (p≤0.05).Results:Levels of all investigated parameters increased in all groups (p≤0.05). The highest increases were achieved by a combined application of functional appliance, ADMSCs, LLLT and GSE (p≤0.05). Single LLLT administrations or single GSE applications did not create a statistical difference from appliance alone (p>0.05). A positive effect of ADMSCs or LLLT on osteoblast formation, neovascularization, and Type II collagen level was apparent (p≤0.05), however, neither affected new bone formation (p>0.05).Conclusion:This study shows that ADMSCs with LLLT and GSE applications provide differing levels of new osteoblast and bone formation, new vascular formation, and Type II collagen formation in rat condyles after functional mandibular advancement

Evaluation of patients with fibrotic interstitial lung disease: Preliminary results from the Turk-UIP study

OBJECTIVE: Differential diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is important among fibrotic interstitial lung diseases (ILD). This study aimed to evaluate the rate of IPF in patients with fibrotic ILD and to determine the clinical-laboratory features of patients with and without IPF that would provide the differential diagnosis of IPF. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study included the patients with the usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP) pattern or possible UIP pattern on thorax high-resolution computed tomography, and/or UIP pattern, probable UIP or possible UIP pattern at lung biopsy according to the 2011 ATS/ERSARS/ALAT guidelines. Demographics and clinical and radiological data of the patients were recorded. All data recorded by researchers was evaluated by radiology and the clinical decision board. RESULTS: A total of 336 patients (253 men, 83 women, age 65.8 +/- 9.0 years) were evaluated. Of the patients with sufficient data for diag-nosis (n=300), the diagnosis was IPF in 121 (40.3%), unclassified idiopathic interstitial pneumonia in 50 (16.7%), combined pulmonary fibrosis and emphysema (CPFE) in 40 (13.3%), and lung involvement of connective tissue disease (CTD) in 16 (5.3%). When 29 patients with definite IPF features were added to the patients with CPFE, the total number of IPF patients reached 150 (50%). Rate of male sex (p<0.001), smoking history (p<0.001), and the presence of clubbing (p=0.001) were significantly high in patients with IPE None of the women <50 years and none of the men <50 years of age without a smoking history were diagnosed with IPE Presence of at least 1 of the symptoms suggestive of CTD, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and antinuclear antibody (FANA) positivity rates were significantly higher in the non-IPF group (p<0.001, p=0.029, p=0.009, respectively). CONCLUSION: The rate of IPF among patients with fibrotic ILD was 50%. In the differential diagnosis of IPF, sex, smoking habits, and the presence of clubbing are important. The presence of symptoms related to CTD, ESR elevation, and EANA positivity reduce the likelihood of IPF

Mesenchymal stem cells in skin wound healing

The integrity of healthy skin plays a crucial role in maintaining physiological homeostasis of the human body. Chronic conditions such as diabetes mellitus or peripheral vascular diseases can lead to impaired wound healing. Skin wound healingpurposes focusing on the main phases of wound healing, i.e., inflammation, proliferation, epithelialization, angiogenesis,remodeling, and scarring. This is a complex process, which is dependent on many cell types and mediators interacting in ahighly sophisticated temporal sequence. Although some interactions during the healing process are crucial, redundancy ishigh and other cells or mediators can adopt functions or signaling without major complications. Mesenchymal stem cellshave an alternative role due to special properties such as the capacity for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation,immunomodulatory effect, alleviation of inflammatory response, induction of angiogenesis, regulation of extracellular matrixremodeling, excellent migration and secretion of growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. We summarized currentresearch on the mechanisms of mesenchymal stem cells with their isolation, specific markers, differentiation capacity, andthe functional activities to evaluate wound healing applicatio

Sulindac ve α-laktalbuminin primer ve metastatik insan kolon kanseri hücre dizinleri üzerine etkileri

Background: HAMLET (human α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) and sulindac are active ingredients which are used in the treatment of cancers. Under both in vivo and in vitro conditions, HAMLET binds to the surface of tumor cells and enters the cells. Sulindac is one of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. It inhibits the growth of tumor cells by inducing the apoptosis. In our study, we aimed to investigate effects of α-lactalbumin and sulindac on COLO320 primary and COLO-741 metastatic human colon carcinoma cell lines via mitochondrial apoptotic pathway by indirect immunocytochemistry and TUNEL assays. Materials and methods: The effects of α-lactalbumin and sulindac were assessed by using MTT assay at 24, 48 and 72 h and apoptosis markers caspase-3, caspase-9 and cytochrome-c were detected using immunocytochemistry and TUNEL methods. Results: It was appeared that α-lactalbumin and sulindac may triggger mechanisms of apoptosis in both primary and metastatic colon carcinoma cell lines and the primary colon carcinoma cell line was affected more than the metastatic cells. Conclusion: It is proposed that α-lactalbumin and sulindac can be used in cancer treatments and future in vivo experiments.Amaç: HAMLET (human α-lactalbumin made lethal to tumor cells) ve sulindac, kanser tedavisinde kullanılan etken maddelerdir. HAMLET, in vivo ve in vitro koşullar altında, tümör hücrelerinin yüzeyine bağlanarak hücre içerisine girer. Sulindac, non-steroidal bir anti-inflamatuvar ilaçlardan biridir ve apoptozu tetikleyerek tümör hücrelerinin çoğalmasını inhibe eder. Çalışmamızda α-laktalbumin ve sulindac’ın COLO-320 primer ve COLO741 metastatik insan kolon karsinomu hücre dizinleri üzerindeki etkilerini, mitokondriyal apoptotik yolak aracılığı ile immünositokimya ve TUNEL yöntemleri ile araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntem: Sulindac ve α-laktalbuminin etkileri 24, 48 ve 72. saatlerde MTT metodu ile değerlendirildi ve immünositokimyasal olarak apoptoz belirteçleri kaspaz3, kaspaz-9 ve sitokrom-c, ve TUNEL boyama yöntemleri uygulandı. Bulgular: Sulindac ve α-laktalbuminin hem primer hem de metastatik kolon karsinoma hücrelerinde apoptoz mekanizmalarını tetikleyebileceği ve primer kolon karsinom hücrelerinin, metastatik hücrelerden daha fazla etkilendiği saptandı. Sonuç: Sulindac ve α-laktalbuminin, gelecekte in vivo çalışmalarda ve kanser tedavilerinde kullanılabileceği düşünülmektedir

Adjuvant effects of chemotherapeutics and metformin on MFE-319 endometrial carcinoma cell line

We aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of Metformin, Cisplatin, and Paclitaxel on MFE-319 endometrial carcinoma cell line using 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and immunocytochemistry assays. Half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) doses of three drugs alone and in the dual combinations were applied to the cells. Immunocytochemical method was performed for the cell survival and for phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K), phosphorylated extracellular regulated kinases (pErk)-1/2, Akt-1, phosphorylated Akt (pAkt)-1/2/3 cell growth markers and angiogenic vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Immunoreactivities were evaluated using H-score and analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test for statistics. It was found that these drugs caused a decrease in the immunoreactivities of these markers. Particularly, dual combination of Paclitaxel and Cisplatin decreased the immunoreactivities of PI3K, pErk-1/2, Akt-1, and pAkt-1/2/3. Cisplatin and Paclitaxel were more effective than Metformin; on the other hand, Metformin has been shown to enhance the efficacy of these two drugs. In vitro or in vivo further studies are needed to investigate the efficacy of these three drugs via PI3K/Akt signal pathway

Dermoskopide immersiyon yağı yerine alkol bazlı jel kullanımının avantajları

Bacground and Design: The surface of a dermoscope can easily be contaminated with microorganisms due to contact with patient's skin and may lead to infections. MATERIAL-METHOD: To investigate the efficacy of an alcohol-based gel comparing with immersion oil for preventing contamination. One hundred cutaneous lesions were evaluated with a hand-held dermoscope. The procedure was performed by using an alcohol-based gel on the glass surface in half of the patients, and immersion oil was applied in the remainder. Specimens from the glass surface were taken for bacteriological cultures just after the dermoscopic examinations. RESULTS: There were bacterial growth in 9 (18%) in the alcohol-based group and in 22 (44%) in the immersion oil group (p;lt;0.01). Alcohol based gel is found more efficient than immersion oil in preventing bacterial contamination of the dermoscope.Giriş ve AMAÇ: Dermoskopun cam yüzeyi hastanın derisi ile temas etmektedir. Böylece kontamine olan dermoskop yüzeyi, bir sonraki dermoskopi hastasında infeksiyona yol açabilir. Bu çalışmada, dermoskopi esnasında immersiyon yağı yerine alkol bazlı jel kullanımının hasta derisinden dermoskop yüzeyine bakteriyel bulaşı engelleyip engellemediği araştırılmıştır. GEREÇ-YÖNTEM: Elli deri lezyonuna dermoskopi yapılırken dermoskopun cam yüzeyine alkol bazlı jel sürüldü. Diğer elli deri lezyonuna ise klasik immersiyon yağı sürüldükten sonra dermoskopi yapıldı. Her iki grupta da dermoskopiden hemen sonra dermoskop yüzeyinden rutin bakteriyolojik kültürler alındı. SONUÇ: Alkol bazlı jel kullanılan grupta 9 (%18), immersiyon yağı kullanılan grupta 22 (%44) aerobik bakteri üremesi saptandı (p0.01). Alkol bazlı jel, dermoskop yüzeyine bakteri bulaşımını engelleme konusunda immersiyon yağına kıyasla çok etkili bulunmuştur

The Effects of Medicinal Plants on Cancer Cell Lines and Efficacy of Experimental Animal Model

The use of medicinal plants as an alternative treatment is a historical process and has been known for a long time so that classical treatment can be more effective in wound and cancer treatment. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of plant extracts used for therapeutic purposes in cancer cell lines in vitro wound model and in vivo experimental animal model in order to obtain this information. The plants, olive oil (Oleocanthal), mistletoe (Viscum album), Common Centaury (Centaurium erythraea), Momordica charantia, Inula viscosa, Citrus aurantium, Thyme oil (Thymus vulgaris) and algae (Jania longifurca), were used. MCF-7, MB-MDA-231, 67NR and 4T1 for breast, NB2a for neuron, L929 for fibroblast and normal somatic mesenchymal stem cell for comparison were selected for in vitro wound models. As an in vivo breast cancer model, female Balb/c mice were injected with 4T1 cells and skin wound healing in rats was investigated. The effects of medicinal plants were evaluated using MTT assay for viability and proliferation, immunocytochemistry staining NOS for oxidative stress and TGFbeta1 for wound healing. It was found that plant extracts reduced antioxidative damage and inhibited apoptosis. It was observed that oxidative stress and apoptosis were increased in cancer cells, but less effective in invasive cell lines. In vivo experiments showed that wound healing was accelerated and that these rates were achieved with antioxidative and antiapoptotic effects. It has been concluded that medicinal plants are beneficial for treatment of difficult diseases in which patient quality of life is very effective and they should be used as scientific-based medical applications

The Effects of Lacosamide in the Early Stages of Neural Tube Development in Chick Embryos

Antiepileptic drugs (AED) are teratogens that confer a risk of various congenital malformations including neural tube defects. Lacosamide (LCM) is a novel third-generation AED and its effects on neural tube (NT) development remain unclear. Thus, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of LCM in the early stages of NT development in the chicken embryo. Three different doses of LCM were applied under the embryonic disks of chicken embryos after they were incubated for 30 hours. Incubation was continued for an additional 80 hours and then all embryos were obtained for routine histology. In the LCM-treated groups, there was occlusion in the middle and ventral levels of the cavity. In the group treated with 1.60 mg of LCM, the NT cavity was closed, the notochord exhibited deterioration, and cellular association appeared abnormal. In the groups treated with 0.12 and 0.5 mg of LCM, the ectoderm layer surrounding the embryo was hypertrophic and the number of pyknotic cells increased in a dose-dependent manner. Thus, different doses of LCM had different effects. The results of this study demonstrated that LCM causes histopathological alterations during the neurulation stage that might ultimately result in the development of congenital defects and/or malformations