Water for rural development: Background paper on water for rural development prepared for the World Bank

Water management / Irrigation management / Rural development / Water resources development / Small scale systems / Land management / Groundwater / Environment / Health / Water policy / Institutions / Food consumption / Water supply / Water demand / Water allocation / Crop yield / Cereals / Water scarcity / Food production / Food security / Crop production / Population growth

Land and water productivity of wheat in the Western Indo-Gangetic Plains of India and Pakistan: a comparative analysis

Wheat / Crop yield / Productivity / Climate / Irrigation canals / Watercourses / Water distribution / Water allocation / Policy / India / Pakistan / Gangetic Plains / Kaithal Irrigation Circle / Bhakra Canal / Chaj Sub-Basin / Lower Jehlum Canal

Fireside corrosion degradation of ferritic alloys at 600°C in oxy-fired conditions

This paper reports the results of a study carried out to investigate the effects of simulated coal/biomass combustion conditions on the fireside corrosion. The 1000 h deposit recoat exposure (5 × 200 h cycles) was carried out at 600 °C. In these tests ferritic alloys were used 15Mo3, T22, T23 and T91. Kinetics data were generated for the alloys exposed using both traditional weight change methods and metal loss measurements. The highest rate of corrosion based on EDX results occurred under D1 deposit where provoke mainly by the formation of alkali iron tri-sulphate phase

ARM2GC: Succinct Garbled Processor for Secure Computation

We present ARM2GC, a novel secure computation framework based on Yao's Garbled Circuit (GC) protocol and the ARM processor. It allows users to develop privacy-preserving applications using standard high-level programming languages (e.g., C) and compile them using off-the-shelf ARM compilers (e.g., gcc-arm). The main enabler of this framework is the introduction of SkipGate, an algorithm that dynamically omits the communication and encryption cost of the gates whose outputs are independent of the private data. SkipGate greatly enhances the performance of ARM2GC by omitting costs of the gates associated with the instructions of the compiled binary, which is known by both parties involved in the computation. Our evaluation on benchmark functions demonstrates that ARM2GC not only outperforms the current GC frameworks that support high-level languages, it also achieves efficiency comparable to the best prior solutions based on hardware description languages. Moreover, in contrast to previous high-level frameworks with domain-specific languages and customized compilers, ARM2GC relies on standard ARM compiler which is rigorously verified and supports programs written in the standard syntax.Comment: 13 page

Importance of Elastic Recovery in the DSR for Binders and Mastics

Elastic Recovery (ER) is used by many highway agencies for modified bitumen grading specifications. The current ASTM/AASHTO standards for ER testing utilize the ductility bath as the measurement apparatus. A new procedure for measuring the elastic recovery in the Dynamic Shear Rheometer (ER-DSR) was developed and was used to test different polymer modified binders and mastics. The results show a good correlation between the ER-DSR and ER measured in the ductility bath (ER-DB). The ER-DSR requires less material and is more time efficient and repeatable than the ER-DB. Since the link between the ER measurements and pavement performance is not well established, the study compared ER measurements with binder rutting and fatigue results as measured by the Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) test and the linear amplitude sweep (LAS) test, respectively. Generally, binders and mastics with higher ER-DSR value showed higher percent recovery (MSCR) and fatigue resistance (LAS). This study also showed the effect of natural and manufactured fillers on the percent recovery measured with the MSCR test. Based on the experimental results, it is recommended to replace ER-DB with the ER-DSR. Also, agencies should consider the MSCR and fatigue tests as indicators of binder modification rather than the ER, as they provide direct measurements of damage resistance characteristics for which the elastic recovery might not indicate

Consistency and lattice renormalization of the effective theory for heavy quarks

The effective theory describing infinite mass particles with a given velocity, has a great interest in heavy flavor physics. It has the unpleasant characteristic that the energy spectrum is unbounded from below; this fact is the source of the problems in the formulation of the euclidean theory. In this paper we present an analysis of the euclidean effective theory, that is rather complete and has positive conclusions. A proof of the consistency of the euclidean theory is presented and a technique for the evaluation of the amplitudes in perturbation theory is described. We compute also the one-loop renormalization constants of the lattice effective theory and of the heavy-heavy current that is needed for the determination of the Isgur-Wise function. A variety of effects related to the explicit breaking of the Lorentz symmetry of lattice regularization is demonstrated. The most peculiar phenomenon is that the heavy quark velocity receives a finite renormalization. Finally, we compute the lattice-continuum renormalization constant of the Isgur-Wise current. It is needed for the conversion of the values of the matrix elements computed with the lattice effective theory, to the values in the full theory.Comment: 28 pages, Latex version 2.09, SISSA 56/93/E

Deployment of Mobile Ad-hoc Network Ticket Based QoS Routing Protocol for Healthcare

A Mobile Adhoc Network comprises of set of portable hosts which are equipped for corresponding with one another with no aid of base stations. MANET are quick evolving topology, broad exploration is going ahead to outline directing conventions for MANETs. The Ad hoc On-Demand Distance Vector convention concerns with most limited way steering and changing the courses powerfully in work space. Quality of Service (QoS) prerequisite issues are less tended to in MANETs and the motivation behind this paper is to address QoS directing in a MANET domain and concentrate principally on ticket based QoS steering convention to figure out course fulfilling certain data transmission and delay obliges. The essential thought is to utilize tickets to keep the quantity of route searching packets to abstain from flooding and to make courses progressively to accomplish proficient Quality of Service

MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF MAGNETIZED CHEMICALLY REACTIVE FLUID FLOW PAST OVER POROUS STRETCHED SHEET

The aim of this article to inspect the effect of nonlinear thermal radiation, heat joule, viscous dissipation and magnetic field on viscoelastic second grade fluid. Flow is generated due to stretching of sheet. Flow features are studied considering hydrodynamic boundary conditions. Chemical reaction on the surface is further accounted. The flow governing nonlinear partial system of differential equations is obtained incorporating boundary layer assumptions. The dimensional model is made dimensionless by taking suitable transformations and then tackled via HAM for convergent series solution. Effects of flow controlling parameters on velocity, concentration, temperature, local skin friction coefficient, Sherwood number and Nusselt numbers are discussed by plotting graphs. Main observations are listed at the end

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION BY USING RANDOM AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA (RAPD) ANALYSIS OF SALMONELLA ENTERITIDIS ISOLATES RECOVERED FROM AVIAN AND HUMAN SOURCES

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis was applied for molecular characterization of five Salmonella enteritidis strains from different avian sources and human cases of infection. A total of 16 primers were used and only five primers showed good discriminatory power for all five isolates. Dendrogram showed a common lineage among all five isolates. There was a close genetic relationship among isolates of eggs and human sources, while there was less pronounced homology among isolates of broiler meat and human sources. On the basis of results we have found that an endemic strain of S. enteritidis is prevalent between the poultry derived food and humans which gives us an insight to genetic diversity of S. enteritidis from these sources

Personalized Web Search Using Browsing History and Domain Knowledge Based on Enhanced User Profile

Generic search engines are important for retrieving relevant information from web. However these engines follow the "one size fits all" model which is not adaptable to individual users. Personalized web search is an important field for tuning the traditional IR system for focused information retrieval. This paper is an attempt to improve personalized web search. User's Profile provides an important input for performing personalized web search. This paper proposes a framework for constructing an Enhanced User Profile by using user's browsing history and enriching it using domain knowledge. This Enhanced User Profile can be used for improving the performance of personalized web search. In this paper we have used the Enhanced User Profile specifically for suggesting relevant pages to the user. The experimental results show that the suggestions provided to the user using Enhanced User Profile ae better than those obtained by using a User Profile