3,318 research outputs found
Electrophoresis of colloidal dispersions in the low-salt regime
We study the electrophoretic mobility of spherical charged colloids in a
low-salt suspension as a function of the colloidal concentration. Using an
effective particle charge and a reduced screening parameter, we map the data
for systems with different particle charges and sizes, including numerical
simulation data with full electrostatics and hydrodynamics and experimental
data for latex dispersions, on a single master curve. We observe two different
volume fraction-dependent regimes for the electrophoretic mobility that can be
explained in terms of the static properties of the ionic double layer.Comment: Substantially revised versio
Estimating the elasticity of intertemporal substitution using dividend tax news shocks
This paper studies the spending response to news about a dividend tax reform in order to estimate the elasticity of intertemporal substitution (EIS). The Norwegian dividend tax reform was proposed in 2003, announced in 2004, implemented in 2006, and raised the dividend tax rate by 28 percentage points. We compare the spending responses of exposed households with a high share of dividends to income before the reform to a control group. Exposed households responded to the reform by increasing spending after the news and reducing spending after implementation. We interpret our findings using a capitalist-worker framework with dividend tax news shocks. The model can replicate the spending response to the dividend tax news only if the EIS is greater than one, with a baseline estimate of around 2
Identifying the depreciation rate of durables from marginal spending responses
This paper presents a novel method to estimate the depreciation rate of durable goods using a combination of identified marginal and average spending shares. We apply our method to Chinese spending responses to disposable income changes induced by monetary policy in 2008-2009. The marginal spending response is 0.40. Durable goods make up about 45% of this marginal spending response. By combining this marginal spending share on durables with an average spending share of 14%, we estimate the annual depreciation rate of durables in China to be 0.16.publishedVersio
The Investment Channel of Monetary Policy : Evidence from Norway
We investigate the transmission of monetary policy to investment using Norwegian administrative data. We have two main findings. First, financially constrained firms are more responsive to monetary policy, but the effect is modest; suggesting that firm heterogeneity plays a minor role in monetary transmission. Second, we disentangle the investment channel of monetary policy into direct effects from interest rate changes and indirect general equilibrium effects. We find that the investment channel of monetary policy is due almost exclusively to direct effects. The two results imply that a representative firm framework with investment adjustment frictions in most cases provides a sufficiently detailed description of the investment channel of monetary policy.publishedVersio
Anisotropic Coarsening: Grain Shapes and Nonuniversal Persistence
We solve a coarsening system with small but arbitrary anisotropic surface
tension and interface mobility. The resulting size-dependent growth shapes are
significantly different from equilibrium microcrystallites, and have a
distribution of grain sizes different from isotropic theories. As an
application of our results, we show that the persistence decay exponent depends
on anisotropy and hence is nonuniversal.Comment: 4 pages (revtex), 2 eps figure
Danish Foundation Models
Large language models, sometimes referred to as foundation models, have
transformed multiple fields of research. However, smaller languages risk
falling behind due to high training costs and small incentives for large
companies to train these models. To combat this, the Danish Foundation Models
project seeks to provide and maintain open, well-documented, and high-quality
foundation models for the Danish language. This is achieved through broad
cooperation with public and private institutions, to ensure high data quality
and applicability of the trained models. We present the motivation of the
project, the current status, and future perspectives.Comment: 4 pages, 2 table
Design and Test of a Forward Neutron Calorimeter for the ZEUS Experiment
A lead scintillator sandwich sampling calorimeter has been installed in the
HERA tunnel 105.6 m from the central ZEUS detector in the proton beam
direction. It is designed to measure the energy and scattering angle of
neutrons produced in charge exchange ep collisions. Before installation the
calorimeter was tested and calibrated in the H6 beam at CERN where 120 GeV
electrons, muons, pions and protons were made incident on the calorimeter. In
addition, the spectrum of fast neutrons from charge exchange proton-lucite
collisions was measured. The design and construction of the calorimeter is
described, and the results of the CERN test reported. Special attention is paid
to the measurement of shower position, shower width, and the separation of
electromagnetic showers from hadronic showers. The overall energy scale as
determined from the energy spectrum of charge exchange neutrons is compared to
that obtained from direct beam hadrons.Comment: 45 pages, 22 Encapsulated Postscript figures, submitted to Nuclear
Instruments and Method
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