Matrices poliméricas biocompatibles como sistema de inmovilización enzimática

Tesis inédita de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Facultad de Farmacia, Departamento de Química Física II, leída el 27/02/2013Depto. de Química en Ciencias FarmacéuticasFac. de FarmaciaTRUEunpu

Use of new technologies in University teaching of Analytical Chemistry

La adaptación al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior requiere un cambio de enfoque metodológico en la universidad, siendo el estudiante el centro del proceso de enseñanzaaprendizaje. La incorporación de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) a los procesos de enseñanza universitarios puede permitir el desarrollo de nuevas experiencias formativas y educativas mediante la realización de actividades integradas en el proceso de docencia. En el presente trabajo se describe el uso de una metodología docente utilizando la plataforma virtual Moodle para la realización de actividades on-line en las asignaturas de Química Analítica I y II del Grado en Farmacia de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Además, para mejorar la participación del alumnado se realizó una encuesta para corregir los puntos débiles de la metodología implementada y conocer la predisposición de los estudiantes a la introducción de otras herramientas innovadoras en el aula de Química Analítica. Los estudiantes hicieron un uso regular de las herramientas para la práctica docente disponibles, y las valoraron positivamente. Sin embargo, presentaron una baja predisposición a la inclusión de nuevas TIC en el aula, tales como los espacios Wiki y el e-portafolio.A change in methodological approach in University is needed to carry out the adaptation to the European Higher Education Area, beingthe student is the center of the teaching-learning process. The integration of Information and Communication Technologies (TIC) in University teaching processes may enable the development of new training and educational experiences, performing activities integrated into the teaching process. In this paper the use of a teaching methodology based on Moodle platform to perform on-line activities in the subjects of Analytical Chemistry I and II of the Degree in Pharmacy of the Complutense University of Madrid is described. In order to improve student participation, to correct the weaknesses of the methodology implemented and to know the willingness, students were surveved regarding the introduction of other innovative tools in the Analytical Chemistry course.A regular use of the available tools was made by studentsand also they rated positively these activities. However, they had low predisposition to include new TIC in the classroom, such as Wiki spaces and the e-portfolio.Universidad de Granada. Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Escolar. Grupo FORCE (HUM-386

Uso de nuevas tecnologías en las enseñanzas universitarias de química analítica

La adaptación al Espacio Europeo de Educación Superior requiere un cambio de enfoque metodológico en la universidad, siendo el estudiante el centro del proceso de enseñanzaaprendizaje.La incorporación de las Tecnologías de Información y Comunicación (TIC) a los procesos de enseñanza universitarios puede permitir el desarrollo de nuevas experiencias formativas y educativas mediante la realización de actividades integradas en el proceso dedocencia. En el presente trabajo se describe el uso de una metodología docente utilizando la plataforma virtual Moodle para la realización de actividades on-line en las asignaturas de QuímicaAnalítica I y II del Grado en Farmacia de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid. Además, para mejorar la participación del alumnado se realizó una encuesta para corregir los puntos débiles de la metodología implementada y conocer la predisposición de los estudiantes a la introducción de otras herramientas innovadoras en el aula de Química Analítica. Los estudiantes hicieron un usoregular de las herramientas para la práctica docente disponibles, y las valoraron positivamente.Sin embargo, presentaron una baja predisposición a la inclusión de nuevas TIC en el aula, tales como los espacios Wiki y el e-portafolio

Biosensor amperométrico para la medida de galactosa compuesto por microgeles de poliacrilamida

Galactosemia is one of the natural errors of the metabolism more frequent, its clinical representation in children not treated can be severe, sometimes mortal; its diagnostic is relatively simple and its treatment is very easy and effective. Hence, in last years new biosensors design for galactose determination based on galactose oxidase has been proposed. The aim of this work consists of the immobilization of galactose oxidase (GlOx) in polyacrylamide microparticles, using the concentrated emulsion method, and their use as biological material of a new amperometric biosensor for galactose determination. For preparing the galactose biosensors, microparticles with galactose oxidase were deposited on the surface of a platinum electrode and covered with a dialysis membrane. Microparticles were characterized by a Galai Cis-1 particle analyzer system, scanning electron microscopy, X-rays diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry. The presence of galactose oxidase decreases the transition temperature (Tg) of the polyacrylamide microgels. The influence of several experimental factors, such as crosslinking content, pH and temperature, on the biosensor response was investigated. The optimal performance of the biosensor takes place for a cross-linking of 7.0%, 40ºC and pH 7.0. The proposed immobilization system almost does not modify the enzyme activity, but seems to protect to the enzyme because an increase of the temperature range in which the enzyme is active is observed.La galactosemia es uno de los errores innatos del metabolismo más frecuentes. Su presentación clínica en niños no tratados puede ser severa, a veces mortal; su diagnóstico es relativamente simple y su tratamiento es muy sencillo y efectivo. Esto ha hecho que en los últimos años se hayan propuesto nuevos diseños de biosensores para la determinación de galactosa basados en galactosa oxidasa. El objetivo del trabajo consistió en la inmovilización de galactosa oxidasa (GlOx) en micropartículas de poliacrilamida (PAA), sintetizadas a partir del método de emulsión concentrada, y su utilización como material biológico de un nuevo biosensor amperométrico para la determinación de galactosa. Para preparar los biosensores de galactosa se depositaron las micropartículas con galactosa oxidasa sobre la superficie de un electrodo de platino y se cubrieron con una membrana de diálisis. Las micropartículas se caracterizaron mediante un analizador de partículas Galai Cis-1, microscopía electrónica de barrido, difracción de rayos X y calorimetría de barrido diferencial. La temperatura de transición vítrea (Tg) de los microgeles de poliacrilamida disminuyó al encapsular en su interior galactosa oxidasa. Se estudió la influencia de distintos factores, tales como grado de reticulación, pH y temperatura en la respuesta del biosensor. Las condiciones óptimas se corresponden a un grado de reticulación del 7%, 40º C y pH 7,0. El sistema de inmovilización propuesto apenas modifica la actividad enzimática, pero parece proteger a la enzima aumentando el intervalo de temperatura en el que es activa

Disaster Preparedness in the Philippines: From the Will to the Way

Geographically situated in the circle of fire in the Pacific and bordering the pacific tectonic plate, makes the Filipino archipelago one of the most disaster-prone areas in the world. As a result of this exposure, it is estimated that an annual USD 7.893 million are spent directly to the multi-hazard prevention, promotion and response, representing the 69% of social expenditure in the country. Multilevel efforts to prevent the results of the disasters hitting the Philippines have been developed, including the local, regional, country and regional areas. These efforts are being developed at operational and promotional levels, including the political initiatives at local, country and regional frameworks. There have been political efforts to create guidelines so as to work on disaster risk reduction and vulnerability reduction for the most vulnerable countries, with the first world conference held in 1994. The second one in Hyogo in 2005 produced a comprehensive guideline for the risk reduction for the most vulnerable countries, focusing on those most at risk like archipelagos, countries in high risk areas and high impact areas. There is a surprisingly small amount of literature published concerning the impact of the political initiatives and its impact on the health of such populated areas. The paper describes the responses generated by the Filipino government after Yolanda, based on the legal framework that Hyogo provided, as well as provides a literature review of the published manuscripts on different sources, finalising with several recommendations as the improvement of the coordination and communication between levels of implementation, the clarification of the real problems identified for each area and the coordination between all the actors involved (local government, INGOs, regional government, international initiatives…) in the DRR process in an area to avoid duplication of activities and looking forward to engaging in synergetic initiatives

Muscle Recovery after a Single Bout of Functional Fitness Training

Background: Functional fitness training (FFT) is a new exercise modality that targets functional multi-joint actions via both muscle-strengthening exercises and aerobic training intervals. The aim of the study was to examine muscle recovery over a 20 min period after an FFT workout in trained adults. Materials and methods: Participants were 28 healthy trained subjects. In a single session, a countermovement jump (CMJ) was performed to determine several mechanical variables (jump height, maximum velocity, power) before (preFFT) and 4, 10, and 20 min after the FFT workout (postFFT). In parallel, capillary blood lactate concentrations were measured pre- and 3 min postFFT. Heart rate was also measured before and after the workout, and perceived exertion was measured postFFT. Results: Significant differences between the time points preFFT and 4 min and 10 min postFFT, respectively, were produced in jump height (p = 0.022, p = 0.034), maximum velocity (p = 0.016, p = 0.005), average power relative (p = 0.018, p = 0.049), and average power total (p = 0.025, p = 0.049). No differences were observed in any of the variables recorded preFFT and 20 min postFFT. Conclusions: While mechanical variables indicating muscle fatigue were reduced 4 and 10 min postFFT, pre-exercise jump ability only really started to recover 20 min after FFT although not reaching pre-exercise levels. This means that ideally intervals of around 20 min of rest should be implemented between training bouts.Sección Deptal. de Radiología, Rehabilitación y Fisioterapia (Enfermería)Fac. de Enfermería, Fisioterapia y PodologíaTRUEAlfonso X el Sabio University Foundationpu

Pain intensity and sensory perception of Tender Points in female patients with fibromyalgia: A pilot study

Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) is a condition that courses with chronic pain, fatigue, sleep disturbance, impaired quality of life and daily function. Due to the lack of blood, imaging or histological confirmatory tests, the diagnosis of FMS is based on the presence of widespread pain and presence of tender points (TPs). Our aim was to assess the pain pressure thresholds (PPTs) and subjective pain perception (SPP) of all 18 TPs while applying a normalized pressure in female patients with fibromyalgia. An exploratory descriptive pilot study was conducted in 30 female patients with FMS. Sociodemographic data (e.g., age, height, weight, and body mass index), clinical characteristics (e.g., years with diagnosis and severity of FMS), PPTs (assessed with an algometer), and SPP (assessed with a visual analogue scale) of all 18 TPs were collected. A comparative analysis side-to-side (same TP, left and right sides) and between TPs was conducted. No side-to-side differences were found (p < 0.05). Significant differences between all 18 TPs were found for PPTs (p < 0.0001), and SPP (p < 0.005) scores were found. The most mechanosensitive points were located in the second costochondral junction, the occiput, the trochanteric prominence; the most painful while applying a normalized pressure considering the TP and side were those located in the gluteus, trochanteric prominence, and supraspinatus. The current study describes PPTs and SPP, as assessed with algometry and visual analogue scale, respectively, of all 18 TPs in female patients with FMS. TPs exhibited significant PPTs and SPP differences between TP locations with no side-to-side differences

Conference Title : ICP 2017 : 19th International Conference on Physiotherapy

Asthma is a heterogeneous disease which has always had a drug treatment. Osteopathic treatment that we propose is aimed, seen through a dorsal manipulation (Dog Technic D1-D4) and a technique for diaphragm (Longitudinal Stroke) forced expiratory flow in spirometry changes there are in particular that there is an increase in the volumes of the Peak Flow and Post intervention and effort and that the application of these two techniques together is more powerful if we applied only a Longitudinal (Stroke). Also rating if this type of treatment will have repercussions on breathlessness, a very common symptom in asthma. And finally to investigate if provided vertebra pain decreased after a manipulation. Methods—Participants were recruited between students and professors of the University, aged 18-65, patients (n = 18) were assigned randomly to one of the two groups, group 1 (longitudinal Stroke and manipulation dorsal Dog Technic) and group 2 (diaphragmatic technique, Longitudinal Stroke). The statistical analysis is characterized by the comparison of the main indicator of obstruction of via area PEF (peak expiratory flow) in various situations through the peak flow meter Datospir Peak-10. The measurements were carried out in four phases: at rest, after the stress test, after the treatment, after treatment and the stress test. After each stress test was evaluated, through the Borg scale, the level of Dyspnea on each patient, regardless of the group. In Group 1 in addition to these parameters was calculated using an algometer spinous pain before and after the manipulation. All data were taken at the minute. Results—12 Group 1 (Dog Technic and Longitudinal Stroke) patients responded positively to treatment, there was an increase of 5.1% and 6.1% of the post-treatment PEF and post-treatment, and effort. The results of the scale of Borg by which we measure the level of Dyspnea were positive, a 54.95%, patients noted an improvement in breathing. In addition was confirmed through the means of both groups group 1 in which two techniques were applied was 34.05% more effective than group 2 in which applied only a. After handling pain fell by 38% of the cases. Conclusions—The impact of the technique of Dog-Technic for D1-D4 and the Longitudinal Stroke technique for diaphragm in the volumes of peak expiratory flow (PEF) in asthmatic patients were positive, there was a change of the PEF Post intervention and post-treatment, and effort and showed the most effective group in which only a technique was applied. Furthermore this type of treatment decreased facilitated vertebrae pain and was efficient in the improvement of Dyspnea and the general well-being of the patient

The Epidemiology of Injuries in Spanish Rugby Union División de Honor

Abstract Background: We describe and analyze injury incidence, severity, cause of injury, anatomical location, damaged tissue, injury recurrence, and the time and place at which injuries occur over the course of a season. Methods: An observational, descriptive, prospective, nomothetic, and multidimensional study was conducted during the 2018–2019 season with 258 players of the top semiprofessional rugby league in Spain (División de Honor de Rugby). Data were reported by the clubs’ medical services. Reported time-loss injuries were collected. Results: Overall exposure was 4100 h (137 matches), over 35 weeks of competition. A total of 288 injuries were reported, with three of these leading to withdrawal from the sport. A total average of 35.63 days was lost to injury. Overall time-loss injury incidence was 3.41 injuries/1000 h of exposure. Backs suffered 119 injuries corresponding to 3.80 injuries/1000 h of exposure, whilst forwards suffered 169 injuries with 4.27 injuries/1000 h of exposure. Severe injuries were the most frequent injury type. Conclusions: Outcomes confirm that more injuries take place during competition, with these also being more severe in nature. Contact injuries were most frequently suffered, above all, due to tackling or being tackled

Effects of Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation on Countermovement Jump and Squat Performance Speed in Male Soccer Players: A Pilot Randomized Clinical Trial

Abstract: It has been suggested that Percutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (PENS) can increase muscle strength. No previous study has investigated changes in performance in semiprofessional soccer players. This study compares the effects of adding two sessions of PENS to a training program versus the single training program over sport performance attributes (e.g., jump height and squat speed) in healthy soccer players. A cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted on twenty-three semiprofessional soccer players who were randomized into an experimental (PENS + training program) or control (single training program) group. The training program consisted of endurance and strength exercises separated by 15-min recovery period, three times/week. The experimental group received two single sessions of PENS one-week apart. Flight time and vertical jump height during the countermovement jump and squat performance speed were assessed before and after each session, and 30 days after the last session. Male soccer players receiving the PENS intervention before the training session experienced greater increases in the flight time, and therefore, in vertical jump height, after both sessions, but not one month after than those who did not receive the PENS intervention (F = 4.289, p = 0.003, η 2 p: 0.170). Similarly, soccer players receiving the PENS intervention experienced a greater increase in the squat performance speed after the second session, but not after the first session or one month after (F = 7.947, p < 0.001, η 2 p: 0.275). Adding two sessions of ultrasound-guided PENS before a training strength program improves countermovement jump and squat performance speed in soccer players