Ampelovirus and Vitivirus relationships in grapevine

Ampelovirus and Vitivirus relationships in grapevine. 16e Rencontres de Virologie Végétal

Expériences de transmission par cochenilles de virus de la vigne

Expériences de transmission par cochenilles de virus de la vign

Caractères distinctifs des femelles adultes de Parthenolecanium corni (lécanine du cornouiller) et de Parthenolecanium persicae (lécanine du pêcher)

Caractères distinctifs des femelles adultes de Parthenolecanium corni (lécanine du cornouiller) et de Parthenolecanium persicae (lécanine du pêcher

Experimente zur Übertragung von Rebenviren durch Schildläuse

Experimente zur Übertragung von Rebenviren durch Schildläus

Retention of the virus-derived sequences in the nuclear genome of grapevine as a potential pathway to virus resistance

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Previous studies have revealed a wide-spread occurence of the partial and complete genomes of the reverse-transcribing pararetroviruses in the nuclear genomes of herbaceous plants. Although the absence of the virus-encoded integrases attests to the random and incidental incorporation of the viral sequences, their presence could have functional implications for the virus-host interactions.</p> <p>Hypothesis</p> <p>Analyses of two nuclear genomes of grapevine revealed multiple events of horizontal gene transfer from pararetroviruses. The ~200–800 bp inserts that corresponded to partial ORFs encoding reverse transcriptase apparently derived from unknown or extinct caulimoviruses and tungroviruses, were found in 11 grapevine chromosomes. In contrast to the previous reports, no reliable cases of the inserts derived from the positive-strand RNA viruses were found. Because grapevine is known to be infected by the diverse positive-strand RNA viruses, but not pararetroviruses, we hypothesize that pararetroviral inserts have conferred host resistance to these viruses. Furthermore, we propose that such resistance involves RNA interference-related mechanisms acting via small RNA-mediated methylation of pararetroviral DNAs and/or via degradation of the viral mRNAs.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The pararetroviral sequences in plant genomes may be maintained due to the benefits of virus resistance to this class of viruses conferred by their presence. Such resistance could be particularly significant for the woody plants that must withstand years- to centuries-long virus assault. Experimental research into the RNA interference pathways involving the integrated pararetroviral inserts is required to test this hypothesis.</p> <p>Reviewers</p> <p>This article was reviewed by Arcady R. Mushegian, I. King Jordan, and Eugene V. Koonin.</p

Virus preparations from the mixed-infected P70 Pinot Noir accession exhibit GLRaV-1/GVA ‘end-to-end’ particles

P70 is a Pinot Noir grapevine accession that displays strong leafroll disease symptoms. A high-throughput sequencing (HTS)-based analysis established that P70 was mixed-infected by two variants of grapevine leafroll-associated virus 1 (GLRaV-1, genus Ampelovirus) and one of grapevine virus A (GVA, genus Vitivirus) as well as by two viroids (hop stunt viroid [HSVd] and grapevine yellow speckle viroid 1 [GYSVd1]) and four variants of grapevine rupestris stem pitting-associated virus (GRSPaV). Immunogold labelling using gold particles of two different diameters revealed the existence of ‘hybrid’ particles labelled at one end as GLRaV-1, with the rest labelled as GVA. In this work, we suggest that immunogold labelling can provide information about the biology of the viruses, going deeper than just genomic information provided by HTS, from which no recombinant or ‘chimeric’ GLRaV-1/GVA sequences had been identified in the dataset. Our observations suggest an unknown interaction between members of two different viral species that are often encountered together in a single grapevine, highlighting potential consequences in the vector biology and epidemiology of leafroll and rugose-wood diseases

Bericht vom Fachgespräch zur Rolle von Schild- und Schmierläusen als Virusvektoren im Weinbau am Oberrhein – Management und Beratungsempfehlung

Am 07.04.2022 fand am Institut für Pflanzenschutz in Obst- und Weinbau in Siebeldingen ein Fachgespräch zur Rolle von Schild- und Schmierläusen als Virusvektoren im Weinbau am Oberrhein statt, in deme in Situationsbericht der Weinbaugebiete am Oberrhein sowie Management- und Beratungsempfehlungen erarbeitet warden sollten. Hierzu wir hier berichtet.On April 7, 2022, an expert meeting on the role of scale and mealybugs as virus vectors in viticulture in Siebeldingen in the Upper Rhine region was held at the Institute for Plant Protection in Fruit Crops and Viticulture. The aim of the meeting was to develop a situation report for the viticulture areas in the Upper Rhine region as well as management and advisory recommendations. We report on this here

Rôle des sémiochimiques dans les relations pucerons-plantes. I. - Généralités et phéromones d'alarme

International audienc

Conseil de saison. Les cochenilles. Appel à signalement au vignoble

National audienc

La transmission des phytovirus par vecteurs

La transmission des phytovirus par vecteurs. Colloque interdisciplinaire « Transmission