Estimation of Total Phenols, Flavanols and Extractability of Phenolic Compounds in Grape Seeds Using Vibrational Spectroscopy and Chemometric Tools

Near infrared hyperspectral data were collected for 200 Syrah and Tempranillo grape seed samples. Next, a sample selection was carried out and the phenolic content of these samples was determined. Then, quantitative (modified partial least square regressions) and qualitative (K-means and lineal discriminant analyses) chemometric tools were applied to obtain the best models for predicting the reference parameters. Quantitative models developed for the prediction of total phenolic and flavanolic contents have been successfully developed with standard errors of prediction (SEP) in external validation similar to those previously reported. For these parameters, SEPs were respectively, 11.23 mg g−1 of grape seed, expressed as gallic acid equivalents and 4.85 mg g−1 of grape seed, expressed as catechin equivalents. The application of these models to the whole sample set (selected and non-selected samples) has allowed knowing the distributions of total phenolic and flavanolic contents in this set. Moreover, a discriminant function has been calculated and applied to know the phenolic extractability level of the samples. On average, this discrimination function has allowed a 76.92% of samples correctly classified according their extractability level. In this way, the bases for the control of grape seeds phenolic state from their near infrared spectra have been stablished.España MINECO AGL2017-84793-C2España, Universidad de Sevilla VPPI-II.2, VPPI-II.

Valorization of American Barrel-Shoot Wastes: Effect of Post Fermentative Addition and Readdition on Phenolic Composition and Chromatic Quality of Syrah Red Wines

The influence of post fermentative addition of American barrel-shoot wastes on phenolic composition and chromatic quality of Syrah red wines has been evaluated as an environmentally sustainable alternative to the conventional winemaking for avoiding the common color loss of red wines elaborated in warm climates. American oak wood byproducts added were previously classified by hyperspectral image analysis according to the amount of phenolic compounds transferred to the extraction media. After that, wines were elaborated under different maceration conditions by applying only one proportion of wood (12 g L−1) and two different maceration procedures (simple and double addition) and were compared with a traditionally macerated Syrah red wine (CW, no wood addition). Results proved the effectiveness of the moderate postfermentative addition of oak wood byproducts to stabilize the color of wines and to provoke lower color modification along the time, producing color wines chromatically more stable for a better aging. In the case of double addition, the adsorption of the pigments during the maceration presents a stronger effect on the color than copigmentation and polymerization by cause of the copigments extracted from the woodEspaña, Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad AGL2017-84793-C

Repercusiones organizativas en la Ley de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales: Una aproximación explorativa

La. aplicación efectiva de la Ley 3.1/1995 de 8 de noviembre, de Prevención de riesgos Laborales y sus respectivos reglamentos, están provocando cambios en las empresas que van más allá de] propio campo de la salud y seguridad laborales, y que se están haciendo notar en el ámbito organizativo, y concreto en aspectos tales como la motivación del personal, la cultura organizacional, la productividad, los costes y la propia formación y actitudes a todos los niveles. A través de las opiniones de expertos y res -ponsables directamente implicados en esta área, hemos pretendido plantear una serie de hipótesis que marquen hacia donde se dirigen las preocupaciones y los posibles cambios antes señalados. La actual legislación en materia de seguridad laboral está exigiendo a las empresas profundas reformas en las medidas y acciones que han de tomar en esta materia. El presente artículo recoge la opinión de los principales agentes implicados: empresarios y sindicatos. Cómo perciben los posibles cambios e incidencias que la aplicación de la ley puede tener en distintos aspectos de la organización, de personal, etc..

Repercusiones organizativas en la Ley de Prevención de Riesgos Laborales : una aproximación explorativa

La aplicación efectiva de la Ley 3.1/1995 de 8 de noviembre, de Prevención de riesgos Laborales y sus respectivos reglamentos, están provocando cambios en las empresas que van más allá del propio campo de la salud y seguridad laborales, y que se están haciendo notar en el ámbito organizativo, y concreto en aspectos tales como la motivación del personal, la cultura organizacional, la productividad, los costes y la propia formación y actitudes a todos los niveles. A través de las opiniones de expertos y responsables directamente implicados en esta área, hemos pretendido plantear una serie de hipótesis que marquen hacia donde se dirigen las preocupaciones y los posibles cambios antes señalados. La actual legislación en materia de seguridad laboral está exigiendo a las empresas profundas reformas en las medidas y acciones que han de tomar en esta materia. El presente artículo recoge la opinión de los principales agentes implicados: empresarios y sindicatos. Cómo perciben los posibles cambios e incidencias que la aplicación de la ley puede tener en distintos aspectos de la organización, de personal, etc...______________________________________ The current legislation as regards labor security is demanding the companies deep reformations in the measures and actions that they are supposed to take in this matter. The present article picks up the opinion of the main implied agents: managers and unions. How they perceive the possible changes and incidences that the application of the law could have in different aspects of the organization, of personal, etc

Christoffel transforms and Hermitian linear functionals

8 pages, no figures.-- MSC2000 codes: Primary 42C05; Secondary 15A23.MR#: MR2192525 (2006h:42044)Zbl#: Zbl 1121.42017In this contribution we are focused on some spectral transformations of Hermitian linear functionals. They are the analogues of the Christoffel transform for linear functionals, i. e. for Jacobi matrices which has been deeply studied in the past. We consider Hermitian linear functionals associated with a probability measure supported on the unit circle. In such a case we compare the Hessenberg matrices associated with such a probability measure and its Christoffel transform. In this way, almost unitary matrices appear. We obtain the deviation to the unit matrix both for principal submatrices and the complete matrices respectively.The work of the first author (F. Marcellán) was supported by Dirección General de Investigación, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia of Spain, under grant BFM 2003-06335-C03-02, and INTAS Research Network NeCCA INTAS 03-51-6637. The work of the second author (J. Hernández) was supported by Fundación Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.Publicad

Geronimus spectral transforms and measures on the complex plane

16 pages, no figures.-- MSC2000 codes: 42C05; 15A23.MR#: MR2441238 (2009k:42053)Zbl#: Zbl 1149.42019We analyze a special spectral transform of a measure $\mu$ supported on a compact subset $C$ of the complex plane. A perturbation $\mu _{1}$ of $\mu$ is said to be a Geronimus spectral transform if d$\mu_1 = \frac {\text d \mu}{ -\alpha 2}$ where $\alpha \notin C$. We focus our attention in the analysis of the Hessenberg matrix associated with the multiplication operator in terms of the orthogonal polynomial basis defined by the measure $\mu _{1}$.The work of the first author (F. Marcellán) was supported by Dirección General de Investigación, Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia of Spain, under Grant MTM 2006-13000-C03-02, and INTAS Research Network NeCCA INTAS 03-51-6637. The work of the second author (J. Hernández) was supported by Fundación Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.Publicad

Classical orthogonal polynomials and Leverrier-Faddeev algorithm for the matrix pencils sE−AsE−A

13 pages, no figures.-- MSC2000 codes: 33C45, 15A22, 65F40, 65F30.MR#: MR2251717 (2007f:33012)Zbl#: Zbl 1113.33009In this contribution we present an extension of the Leverrier-Faddeev algorithm for the simultaneous computation of the determinant and the adjoint matrix B(s) of a pencil sE−A where E is a singular matrix but det(sE−A)≢0. Using a previous result by the authors we express B(s) and det(sE−A) in terms of classical orthogonal polynomials.The work of the second author (Francisco Marcellán) has received the financial support from Dirección General de Investigación (Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia) of Spain, Grant BFM2003-06335-C03-02, and INTAS Research Network NeCCA INTAS 03-51-6637. The work of the first author (Javier Hernández) has been supported by Fundación Universidad Carlos III de Madrid.Publicad

Evolución y algunos parámetros de la población invernante de Gaviota reidora (Larus ridibundus) en Madrid (España Central)

La població de gavina riallera que hiverna a Madrid ha augmentat contínuament des de 1980, i ha arribat al voltant de 70.000 individus a l'hivern de 1993. Aquest article examina les variacions diàries i mensuals en el nombre de gavines menjant en un gran abocador als afores de Madrid, al mateix temps que aporta dades sobre edats i sexes de la població hivernant. L'abocador es utilitzat principalment durant el matí i el migdia per femelles adultes