Book Review: \u3ci\u3eSecurities Regulation: Materials for a Basic Course\u3c/i\u3e by David L. Ratnert

In response to the restrictions and practices established under federal and state securities legislation—such as the registration and disclosure requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, applicable state blue sky laws, and the ever-increasing scope of the federal anti-fraud provisions of the Exchange Act, as well as the attorney\u27s role in advising corporate and other business clients and preparation of materials for the Securities and Exchange Commission (with concomitant chance that investors may well expose him or her to potential liability for any inaccuracies or other improprieties)—institutions of legal education have adjusted their curricula by offering a choice of upper-level study over and beyond the traditional basic survey course of corporation law. These advanced courses give students an in-depth exposure to the more technical areas of business planning, corporate finance, and securities regulation. The Jennings and Marsh text on the laws governing securities distributions and trading was the only comprehensive case approach to the securities laws on the market until the appearance of Professor David L. Ratner\u27s new book. His book has arrived during a period when changes in this area of the law are occurring as rapidly as at any time since the first congressional action forty-two years ago

Implied Private Remedies Under Federal Statutes: Neither a Death Knell Nor a Moratorium--Civil Rights, Securities Regulation, and Beyond

The part of this Article that follows contains an examination of the implication process as it has developed in the federal courts.As will be seen, the Supreme Court has gone through a cyclical pattern of expansion and contraction in implying remedies with respect to a wide range of substantive areas. Accordingly, it is not possible to glean a single unified theory from the sixty-five years of Supreme Court activity. There are, however, a number of recurring themes, and it is possible to view all of the diverse approaches as part of a loosely defined pattern that was formulated into a four part test in Cort v. Ash. In turn, it was the Cort decision that set the stage for the Court\u27s further refinement of its approach to legislative implication

The unique chemistry of Eastern Mediterranean water masses selects for distinct microbial communities by depth

Peer reviewedPublisher PD

Parental Influences on Children's Self-Regulation of Energy Intake: Insights from Developmental Literature on Emotion Regulation

The following article examines the role of parents in the development of children's self-regulation of energy intake. Various paths of parental influence are offered based on the literature on parental influences on children's emotion self-regulation. The parental paths include modeling, responses to children's behavior, assistance in helping children self-regulate, and motivating children through rewards and punishments. Additionally, sources of variation in parental influences on regulation are examined, including parenting style, child temperament, and child-parent attachment security. Parallels in the nature of parents' role in socializing children's regulation of emotions and energy intake are examined. Implications for future research are discussed

Myeloperoxidase and Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 Play a Central Role in Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction

Left ventricular (LV) remodeling after myocardial infarction (MI) results in LV dilation, a major cause of congestive heart failure and sudden cardiac death. Ischemic injury and the ensuing inflammatory response participate in LV remodeling, leading to myocardial rupture and LV dilation. Myeloperoxidase (MPO), which accumulates in the infarct zone, is released from neutrophils and monocytes leading to the formation of reactive chlorinating species capable of oxidizing proteins and altering biological function. We studied acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in a chronic coronary artery ligation model in MPO null mice (MPO−/−). MPO−/− demonstrated decreased leukocyte infiltration, significant reduction in LV dilation, and marked preservation of LV function. The mechanism appears to be due to decreased oxidative inactivation of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) in the MPO−/−, leading to decreased tissue plasmin activity. MPO and PAI-1 are shown to have a critical role in the LV response immediately after MI, as demonstrated by markedly delayed myocardial rupture in the MPO−/− and accelerated rupture in the PAI-1−/−. These data offer a mechanistic link between inflammation and LV remodeling by demonstrating a heretofore unrecognized role for MPO and PAI-1 in orchestrating the myocardial response to AMI