The Culture Shock Faced by the Foreign Students at Antasari State Institute for Islamic Studies Banjarmasin

Nor Faizah Hayati, 2016, The Culture Shock Faced by the Foreign Students at Antasari State Institute for Islamic Studies Banjarmasin. Advisor: Nurlaila Kadariyah, S. Ag. M. Pd.\ud Key world: Culture, Culture Shock and Foreign Student\ud This research describes the culture shock faced by the foreign students who study at the Antasari State Institute for Islamic Studies Banjarmasin. the foreign students who are conscientious in this research are 5 students come from Turkey and 1 student come from Tajikistan.\ud The problem of statements in this research include what the culture shock faced by the foreign students in academic aspects (in institutional rules and the lecturer rules) and what the culture shock faced by the foreign students in social aspects.\ud The objectives of this research are the first to find the culture shocks faced by the foreign students in academic aspect (Institutional aspect and the lecturers role) and the second is to find and to know the culture shocks faced by the foreign students in social aspect (the foreign students attitude, Indonesian students attitude, Indonesian students habits).\ud For data collection the writer technique uses interview. To process data in this study is divided into two phases, namely: editing and interpretation. And then, all of the data have analysis is descriptive and qualitative research.\ud The results from this study indicates that the foreign students experience culture shock in academic aspects such as trouble with the registration system of courses, too many courses and campus environment and on their social aspect difficulty in adapting, both in terms of interacting, communicating and habits of local students

Potential of cogon grass (imperata cylindrica) as an alternative fibre in paper-based industry

Non-wood plants were examined as alternative fibre due to the limited origin resources in paper production. In Malaysia, Imperata cylindrica was used as renewable materials to obtain cellulosic pulps to produce paper and hence preventing the environmental problems. The chemical compositions, fibre dimension, pulp and mechanical properties of I. cylindrica were investigated for application in paper-based production. The surface morphology of hand sheet was also visualized. The chemical compositions involved in this study (holocellulose, cellulose, lignin, ash, hot water and 1% NaOH solubilities) were determined according to the chlorite method, Kurscher-Hoffner approach and TAPPI test method. Meanwhile, fibre dimension were measured following the Franklin method. The mechanical properties of the hand sheet (tensile, burst and tear indices) were measured according to the TAPPI test method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize the surface morphology of I. cylindrica hand sheet. The I. cylindrica has lower amount of lignin (5.67%), hot water (3.83%) and 1% sodium hydroxide solubilities (19.6%) than polished C.tataria, switch grass and Palmyra palm fruit. Although I. cylindrica contains high felting rate (139), the sheets produced showed higher tensile index (45.06 Nm/g), burst index (3.90 kPam2 /g) and tear index (2.17 mNm2 /g) compared to other published non-wood fibers. From SEM images, sheets of I. cylindrica contained abundant, straight and smooth fibre. In conclusion of the characteristic study, I. cylindrica is a good potential alternative fibre in the paper-based industry

Potential of cogon grass (imperata cylindrica) as an alternative fibre in paper-based industry

Non-wood plants were examined as alternative fibre due to the limited origin resources in paper production. In Malaysia, Imperata cylindrica was used as renewable materials to obtain cellulosic pulps to produce paper and hence preventing the environmental problems. The chemical compositions, fibre dimension, pulp and mechanical properties of I. cylindrica were investigated for application in paper-based production. The surface morphology of hand sheet was also visualized. The chemical compositions involved in this study (holocellulose, cellulose, lignin, ash, hot water and 1% NaOH solubilities) were determined according to the chlorite method, Kurscher-Hoffner approach and TAPPI test method. Meanwhile, fibre dimension were measured following the Franklin method. The mechanical properties of the hand sheet (tensile, burst and tear indices) were measured according to the TAPPI test method. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) was used to visualize the surface morphology of I. cylindrica hand sheet. The I. cylindrica has lower amount of lignin (5.67%), hot water (3.83%) and 1% sodium hydroxide solubilities (19.6%) than polished C.tataria, switch grass and Palmyra palm fruit. Although I. cylindrica contains high felting rate (139), the sheets produced showed higher tensile index (45.06 Nm/g), burst index (3.90 kPam2 /g) and tear index (2.17 mNm2 /g) compared to other published non-wood fibers. From SEM images, sheets of I. cylindrica contained abundant, straight and smooth fibre. In conclusion of the characteristic study, I. cylindrica is a good potential alternative fibre in the paper-based industry