Globalization Report 2020: How do developing countries and emerging markets perform? Globalization Report 2020.

Every two years, the Globalization Report examines how well individual countries have benefited from the pro-gressing globalization since 1990. The influence of changes of the respective degree of globalization on the real gross domestic product per capita of the country is calculated for 45 industrialized countries and emerging markets. 22 of the countries considered in the “Globalization Report 2020” are also assessed by the Bertelsmann Stiftung’s Transformation Index (BTI). The reports published since 2014 reflect that the emerging markets examined show the smallest increases in real gross domestic product (hereinafter: GDP) as a result of globalization in absolute figures (i.e. calculated in euros). These countries achieve some of the highest globalization-induced gains, however, if the same GDP gains are placed in relation to the GDP per capita in 1990 – the first year of the examination period. For the emerging mar-kets, the advancing globalization is, therefore, a way to increase material prosperity. At the same time, however, the real GDP per capita between emerging markets and developed countries continues to diverge between 1990 and 2018. For reasons of data availability, the developing countries are not included in the Globalization Report. However, a look at other sources shows that the degree of globalization in these countries is very low and generally still be-low that of most emerging markets. Their real GDP per capita is also lower than that of the emerging markets, which means that only small increases in GDP induced by globalization are possible. The gap between develop-ing countries and highly developed economies in terms of real GDP per capita is growing not only in absolute, but also in relative terms

Ubiquitin domain proteins in disease

The human genome encodes several ubiquitin-like (UBL) domain proteins (UDPs). Members of this protein family are involved in a variety of cellular functions and many are connected to the ubiquitin proteasome system, an essential pathway for protein degradation in eukaryotic cells. Despite their structural similarity, the UBL domains appear to have a range of different targets, resulting in a considerable diversity with respect to UDP function. Here, we give a short summary of the biochemical and physiological roles of the UDPs, which have been linked to human diseases including neurodegeneration and cancer

Outgrowing the Private Car—Learnings from a Mobility-as-a-Service Intervention in Greater Copenhagen

This article discusses the potentials of reorienting traditional rational transport planning towards a mobilities approach that includes social perspectives of practices in everyday lives. Empirically, the discussion is based on results from a MaaS intervention project in two urban areas and one sub-urban area in Greater Copenhagen. This article argues that attention to context, experience, storytelling, identity, and inequality are fundamental in changing interlocked, non-sustainable practices. Achieving a sustainable transformation of transportation, including promoting shared mobility and MaaS solutions as alternatives to private car use, requires a holistic view of the role and organization of everyday mobilities as more than just a technological issue. This article concludes that MaaS has the potential to be a strong tool, but technologies and short experiments are not enough. New MaaS solutions need time to implement, and relying on the free market as a way forward is potentially problematic when this can lead to mobility inequalities between different areas.This article discusses the potentials of reorienting traditional rational transport planning towards a mobilities approach that includes social perspectives of practices in everyday lives. Empirically, the discussion is based on results from a MaaS intervention project in two urban areas and one sub-urban area in Greater Copenhagen. This article argues that attention to context, experience, storytelling, identity, and inequality are fundamental in changing interlocked, non-sustainable practices. Achieving a sustainable transformation of transportation, including promoting shared mobility and MaaS solutions as alternatives to private car use, requires a holistic view of the role and organization of everyday mobilities as more than just a technological issue. This article concludes that MaaS has the potential to be a strong tool, but technologies and short experiments are not enough. New MaaS solutions need time to implement, and relying on the free market as a way forward is potentially problematic when this can lead to mobility inequalities between different areas

Protein quality control in the nucleus

In their natural environment, cells are regularly exposed to various stress conditions that may lead to protein misfolding, but also in the absence of stress, misfolded proteins occur as the result of mutations or failures during protein synthesis. Since such partially denatured proteins are prone to aggregate, cells have evolved several elaborate quality control systems to deal with these potentially toxic proteins. First, various molecular chaperones will seize the misfolded protein and either attempt to refold the protein or target it for degradation via the ubiquitin-proteasome system. The degradation of misfolded proteins is clearly compartmentalized, so unique degradation pathways exist for misfolded proteins depending on whether their subcellular localization is ER/secretory, mitochondrial, cytosolic or nuclear. Recent studies, mainly in yeast, have shown that the nucleus appears to be particularly active in protein quality control. Thus, specific ubiquitin-protein ligases located in the nucleus, target not only misfolded nuclear proteins, but also various misfolded cytosolic proteins which are transported to the nucleus prior to their degradation. In comparison, much less is known about these mechanisms in mammalian cells. Here we highlight recent advances in our understanding of nuclear protein quality control, in particular regarding substrate recognition and proteasomal degradation

Linie 5A som metafor: – fleksibilitet og arbejdsmiljø hos buschauffører

Projektet ’Flygtige og grænseløse relationer i arbejdet med mennesker’ sætter blandt andet fokus på buschaufførers arbejdsmiljø. Fleksible og omskiftelige organisationsformer har både positive og negative konsekvenser for arbejdsmiljøet. På den positive side vejer individuel tilpasning, omstilling, nye udfordringer og forandringer. På den negative vejer og stress, tidspres og udbrændthed