The rhetorical myth of the athlete as a moral hero: the implications of steroids in sport and the threatened myth

This research analyzes changes in the rhetoric of a sustaining myth in order to better assess what happens when a myth is threatened. By examining American sport and its current struggle to withstand the widespread use of steroids, the author investigates how public discourse about the scandal turns athletes from mythical heroes to cheaters. The author begins by explicating the rhetorical construction of the athlete as a moral hero in America and how this myth is perpetuated today. The author then examines how steroids threaten the myth of the moral athlete and uses Major League Baseball as a case study to illustrate the rhetorical justification of their use. Ultimately this research offers a cyclical method of mythical analysis as a new method to analyze threatened myths. Current research offers few methods to explain how myths develop and this cyclical method attempts to provide specificity for one-way myths can survive. It is argued that the cyclical method acts as a way to account for threats to the myth, as well as to allow for rhetorical shifts

Intertextuality and Apologia: Rhetorical Efficacy through Shared Values as Illustrated through the Firing of Coach Bobby Knight

This study uses the firing of Coach Bobby Knight from Indiana University as a case study in order to analyze the rhetorical efficacy of adapting to the audience‘s shared values through attendance to the intertextual context. By adhering to the intertextual context, Knight successfully played on certain audience values and beliefs and, as a result, managed to repair his image and help save his career. Knight‘s farewell address invoked the themes of hard work, family, and thankfulness. This study extends Achter‘s (2000) and Ware and Linkugel‘s (1973) research in apologia in order to emphasize the importance of the intertextual context

Organizational Image Repair Tactics and Crisis Type: Implications for Crisis Response Strategy Effectiveness

Existing models of organizational crisis response effectiveness provide useful insights but are limited in terms of offering a guide for practitioners dealing with actual crisis situations. This analysis examines the relative effectiveness of image repair tactics based on differences in root causes of crisis events. Results suggest that certain image repair tactics are seen as the most and the least effective regardless of crisis type. At the same time, there were some differences across crisis types that could guide practitioner tactic choices. Limited results here and in past research raise questions about whether image repair tactic effectiveness can be usefully mapped to situational variables, such as audience or crisis type. This article concludes with discussion on this matter and suggestions for future research

Why Rural Matters 2023: Centering Equity and Opportuniy: A Discussion with the Research Team

Authors of the Why Rural Matters 2023 report discuss its development and key findings

A pilot evaluation of social needs among gynecologic oncology patients in inpatient versus outpatient settings

The WHO defines social determinants of health (SDoH) as the conditions in which we are born, grow, work, and live as well as other large systems that positively or negatively affect our health. Many healthcare systems currently lack the resources and strategies required to accurately assess and address SDoH. Action must be taken because studies have found that chronic diseases, including cancer, are affected by SDoH. The aim of this study is to identify the incidence of social needs in an inpatient gynecologic oncology population and its relation to patient demographics and clinical diagnostic data to guide and inform future intervention. Patients agreeing to participate in the study completed a needs assessment survey during their inpatient stay at the hospital between November 2020 to March 2021. The survey contained seven questions, six of which were questions screening for social needs including food and housing security, transportation means, financial stability, health literacy, and social support. Responses were considered positive if any degree of need was reported. Demographic and cancer diagnosis data were then collected and included zip code, race, cancer stage and age at diagnosis, treatment history, and number of hospital admissions and length of stay over the past 12 months. The most substantial reported needs across all gynecologic malignancies were social support (65%), health literacy (37%), and financial need (22%). Less need was reported in the categories of food (11%), housing (7%), and transportation (4%). SDoH have been studied in the outpatient gynecologic population and the needs seen in this study are similar to the needs of that population. However, there are likely different challenges and frequencies of unmet need in the different types of gynecologic cancers that may affect the stage at which their cancer is diagnosed as well as the number of hospital admissions related to their cancer care

Profiles of Serial Changes in Cardiac Troponin T Concentrations and Outcome in Ambulatory Patients With Chronic Heart Failure

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to determine whether different profiles of cardiac troponin T (cTnT) values assessed over time would yield incremental prognostic information on clinically stable outpatients with heart failure (HF).BackgroundcTnT levels were used to estimate prognosis in HF; however, most studies evaluated hospitalized patients using single measurements.MethodsA cohort of 172 New York Heart Association functional class III to IV outpatients was prospectively studied with serial cTnT measurements collected every 3 months over a 2-year period. The primary end point was death or cardiac transplantation, and secondary end points included HF hospitalization.ResultsOf the 172 patients, 22 (13%) died or underwent transplantation during the first year. Therefore, 150 patients were included in the second-year analysis of 3 pre-determined groups: 1) no serial cTnT elevations (defined as <0.01 ng/ml); 2) 1 or more, but not all cTnT values elevated ≥0.01 ng/ml; and 3) all cTnT values elevated during the first year. During the second year, 30 events occurred: 53 patients had persistently normal cTnT levels (<0.01 ng/ml) with 6 primary events (11%); 57 patients had 1 or more but not all cTnT levels elevated with 11 events (19%); 40 patients demonstrated persistently elevated cTnT levels with 13 (33%) primary events (odds ratio: 3.77; 95% confidence interval: 1.28 to 11.07, p = 0.02).ConclusionsElevations in cTnT, even using a low threshold of 0.01 ng/ml, detected during routine clinical follow-up of ambulatory patients with HF, are highly associated with an increased risk of events, particularly with frequent or persistent cTnT elevations of ≥0.01 ng/ml. Therefore, the ability to monitor clinical change through serial cTnT measurements may add to risk assessment in the ambulatory HF population

Equity at sea: Gender and inclusivity in UK sea-going science

Today, we can celebrate a strong representation of women in sea-going science in the United Kingdom, providing positive role models for early-career female marine scientists. However, women continue to face challenges to their progression in their marine science careers, especially those who are also members of other under-represented groups. In this article we consider gender equity and equality in participation and leadership in sea-going marine science in the UK, discussing successes and lessons learned for the future. After a brief history of UK women in ocean science, and a summary of some recent advances in gender equality, we look at further areas in need of improvement, and ask whether successes in improved gender equality can be transferred to tackling other forms of under-representation in sea-going science

Variation in Coronary Atherosclerosis Severity Related to a Distinct LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein) Profile Findings From a Familial Hypercholesterolemia Pig Model

OBJECTIVE: In an adult porcine model of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH), coronary plaque development was characterized. \nTo elucidate the underlying mechanisms of the observed inter-individual variation in disease severity, detailed lipoprotein \nprofiles were determined. \nAPPROACH AND RESULTS: FH pigs (3 years old, homozygous LDLR R84C mutation) received an atherogenic diet for 12 months. \nCoronary atherosclerosis development was monitored using serial invasive imaging and histology. A pronounced difference \nwas observed between mildly diseased pigs which exclusively developed early lesions (maximal plaque burden, 25% [23%\xe2\x80\x93 \n34%]; n=5) and advanced-diseased pigs (n=5) which developed human-like, lumen intruding plaques (maximal plaque burden, \n69% [57%\xe2\x80\x9377%]) with large necrotic cores, intraplaque hemorrhage, and calcifications. Advanced-diseased pigs and mildly \ndiseased pigs displayed no differences in conventional risk factors. Additional plasma lipoprotein profiling by size-exclusion \nchromatography revealed 2 different LDL (low-density lipoprotein) subtypes: regular and larger LDL. Cholesterol, sphingosine1-phosphate, ceramide, and sphingomyelin levels were determined in these LDL-subfractions using standard laboratory \ntechniques and high-pressure liquid chromatography mass-spectrometry analyses, respectively. At 3 months of diet, regular \nLDL of advanced-diseased pigs contained relatively more cholesterol (LDL-C; regular/larger LDL-C ratio 1.7 [1.3\xe2\x80\x931.9] versus \n0.8 [0.6\xe2\x80\x930.9]; P=0.008) than mildly diseased pigs, while larger LDL contained more sphingosine-1-phosphate, ceramides, and \nsphingomyelins. Larger and regular LDL was also found in plasma of 3 patients with homozygous FH with varying LDL-C ratios. \nCONCLUSIONS: In our adult FH pig model, inter-individual differences in atherosclerotic disease severity were directly related to \nthe distribution of cholesterol and sphingolipids over a distinct LDL profile with regular and larger LDL shortly after the diet \nstart. A similar LDL profile was detected in patients with homozygous FH