STRATEGISEN JOHTAMISEN KEHITTÄMINEN MIKRO-YRITYKSESSÄ : Tapaus M-yritys

Opinnäytetyö tutkii strategisen johtamisen kehittämistä mikroyrityksessä, miksi strategisen johtamisen kehittämistä tarvitaan ja mitkä menetelmät soveltuvat strategisen johtamisen kehittämiseen. Lähestymistavaksi valittiin konstruktiivinen tutkimusote. Opinnäytetyön toimeksiantaja on mikroyritys. Tutkimuksesta tuli esiin yhä kasvava strategisen johtamisen merkitys nykypäivän haasteiden kanssa kamppailevan yrityksen toiminnassa. Johtamisen haasteena yrityksessä on mm. osaamisen kehittäminen niin nykyisten kuin tulevaisuudenkin kilpailuetujen luomiseksi talouden ja kysynnän elpyessä. Lisäksi yrityksen toimintaa pitäisi pyrkiä tehostamaan ja etsimään strategisen johtamisen kehittämisen keinoin tapaa, jolla selvitä alueen yritysten keskuudessa yhä kovenevassa kilpailussa. Teoreettisessa viitekehyksessä käsitellään strategiaa ja strategista johtamista ja sen kehittämistä eri teorioiden muodossa. Opinnäytetyötä tehdessä havaittiin, että strategisen johtamisen kehittämisen vaikutus yrityksen toimintaan on suuri.This thesis deals with the development of strategic management in a micro-enterprise, why the development of strategic management is needed and what methods are suita-ble for the development of strategic management. The constructive research method was chosen as the research approach. This thesis is commissioned by a micro-enterprise. The study brought out the growing importance of strategic management in an enterprise dealing with today´s challenges. The managerial challenge in an enterprise includes the development of skills for creating both current and future competitive advantages when economy and demand are recovering. In addition, an attempt should be made to increase the efficiency of the operation of the company by means of the development of strategic management to deal with the ever increasing local competitive market. In a theoretical frame of reference, strategy, strategic management and the development of strategic management are dealt with by means of various theories. During this thesis process it was found out that the effects of the development of strate-gic management on an enterprise were great

Dynamic Effects of Demand and Supply Disturbances on the Finnish Economy: Did Liberalization of Capital Movements Matter?

The purpose of this study is to analyze the dynamic effects of demand and supply disturbances on the Finnish economy. In addition, the study aims at finding out whether liberalization of capital movements affected the transmission of disturbances. The analysis is based on a vector autoregressive model for unemployment and the GNP from 1970.1 to 1990.4. The vector autoregressive representation is then transformed to a corresponding moving average representation and the dynamic effects of disturbances are analyzed by impulse response functions. The model restricts the number of disturbances to two, called demand and supply disturbances. Estimation shows that demand disturbances have temporary effects on GNP and unemployment, the effects of supply disturbances on GNP are permanent but their effects on unemployment are temporary. As capital mobility increases the effects of demand disturbances die out faster. There is no significant difference in the short term effects of supply disturbances on GNP but the long term effects are magnified. This is in accordance with economic theory.demand and supply; capital movements; Finnish economy

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Allocation of added selenium in lettuce and its impact on roots

Allocation of selenium (Se) in lettuce and its impact on root morphology were studied to better understand the growth responses of plants to added Se. Lettuce was grown in vermiculite under controlled growing conditions for seven weeks, and the allocation in the shoots and roots of selenate added in increasing dosages (0, 1, 10, 100, 500 and 1000 µg Se per 3.5-litre pot) as well as morphological variables of the roots were determined. The intermediate additions of 100 and 500 µg Se per pot seemed to produce the highest biomasses, although this was nearly masked by large scatter in the data. The Se contents both in roots and shoots increased roughly proportionally to the amount of Se added. However, at small additions Se was preferentially allocated to roots, whereas at larger additions the contents in roots and shoots (mg kg-1 dry matter) were roughly equal. Se treatments did not change the morphology of hypocotyls. On the contrary, the specific length and area of basal and lateral roots were smallest at intermediate Se additions, whereas the specific volume was largest at the largest Se addition. These effects of Se on root morphology were, however, not unambiguously related to plant growth. As the Se contents in roots increased, the roots grew thicker and the specific volume of lateral roots increased in agreement with a hypothesis of increased endogenous ethylene production