Kontaminasi Pada Obat Herbal

Medicinal plants are important part of traditional medicine, and still widely used as therapy throughout the world. Thus, medicinal plants and herbal products must be safe for the patient (consumer). This review addresses biological contaminants (microbes and other organisms) and chemical contaminants (mycotoxins, toxic elements such as heavy metals, and pesticide residues), radioactive and adulteration as common contaminants of medicinal herbs and herbal products. Key words: herbal safety, biological contaminant, chemical contaminant, radioactive contaminant, adulteration

Studi Etnofarmakologi Obat Tradisional Sebagai Anti Diare Di Kecamatan Baturaden Kabupaten Banyumas

A research has been conducted to know the USAge of traditional antidhiarea in Baturaden Sub distric. This research uses qualitative metodhe and the responden was chosen by purposive sampling method. The research result shows that 10 plants, mangosteen, jackfruit, nutmeg, patikan kebo, and papaya. The simplisia or raw material used were leaf, root, fruir, and seed. Those plant are prepared as traditional medicine by squeezing, pounding, or pouring with hot water. Key words: traditional, antidiarhea, Baturaden

Daya Repelan Gel Minyak Atsiri Bunga Kenanga (Cananga Odorata (Lmk) Hook.f & Thoms) Dalam Basis Carbopol, Terhadap Nyamuk Aedes Aegypti

The aim of this research is to know the influence of carbopol concentration to physical characteristic and repellency of cananga flowers volatile oil in carbopol gel base. Cananga flowers volatile oil was extracted by steam water destilation. Three formulas of gel were made by various carbopol concentration (0,5 g, 1,0 g and 1,5 g). The gels produced were tested physical characteristic (organoleptic, pH, viscosity, homogeneity, spread ability, adhesive ability and identification of cananga flowers volatile oil). Repellency was done by entering hand of person into the cage contain mosquitoes with interval five minute. This research used five groups. They were untreated hand, negative control with three formulas of gel did not used cananga flowers volatile oil, cananga flowers volatile oil, three formulas of gel contain cananga flowers volatile oil and lotion merk “X” as positive control. The result showed that the greater carbopol consentration, the smaller in pH and spread ability but the greater in adhesive ability, viscosity and repellency of gel from cananga flowers volatile oil. Key words: repellency of gel, cananga (Cananga odorata (Lmk) Hook.f & Thoms) flowers volatile oil, carbopol, Aedes aegypt

Efek Hair Tonic Buah Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L) Dan Uji Fitokimianya

The aim of this study is to prove whether ethanolic extract of Morinda can increase rabbit hair growth. The secondary metabolites of Morinda which stimulate rabbit hair growth are probably alkaloid, saponin and flavonoid. The extract was made by soxhletation of Morinda used ethanol 96 % as solvent, then it was thickened by water bath. The rabbit back was shaved into 2 cm square box. The first area treated ethanol 96 % as negative control, the second area treated with 12,5 % ethanol extract of Morinda, the third area treated with 25 % ethanol extract of Morinda, the fourth area treated with kina hair tonic as positive control. The measurement of hair growth was done every 3 days for 18 days. The daily average of hair growth was analyzed with anova and continued with Tukey test at 95 % significancy level. The result showed that ethanol extract of Morinda can increase growth of rabbit\u27s hair. Key words: Morinda, soxhletation extract, hair growth, rabbit

Pengaruh Penambahan Avicel Ph 101 Terhadap Sifat Fisis Tablet Ekstrak Bawang Putih (Allium Sativum. L) Secara Granulasi Basah

Garlic tuber is proved decreasing blood pressure. The research on formulation of garlic extract tablet using Avicel PH 101 as disintegrant and the tablets physical characteristic has been conducted. Garlic extract is prepared by maceration with ethanol 96% as solvent. Tablet of garlic extract is made by wet granulation method with weight of tablet 600 mg each. Tablet of garlic extract is made in three formulas with varied Avicel PH 101 as disintegrant, they are Formula 1 (7.5%), Formula II (10%), and Formula III (12.5%). The obtained granule is tested the flow rate whereas tablets are examined the physical characteristic (weight uniformity, hardness, brittleness, and disintegration time). The results shows that Avicel PH 101 can be used as disintegrant of garlic extract tablet with concentration 7.5 – 12.5%. The higher Avicel PH 101 concentration will decrease granule flow rate and tablet hardness, increase brittleness and fasten disintegration time. Key words: garlic, Avicel PH 101, tablet, wet granulation

Aktivitas Antibakteri Gel Ekstrak Lengkuas (Alpinia Galanga) Terhadap Pseudomonas Aeruginosa Dan Bacillus Subtilis.

A research on antibacterial activity of ginger extract gel was done to know antibacterial activity of gel of ginger extract against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus subtilis. In this research extraction was done by maseration method with 70% ethanol as solvent. Antibacterial activity test used diffusion method. Gel was tested pHysical properties for organoleptic, pH, and viscosity. Volatile oil and flavonoid compound were identified by TLC method. The viscosity data was analyzed by two way anava test with 95% significance level continued by LSD. The diameter of clear zone was analyzed by one anava with 95% significance level continued by LSD. Ginger extract is stable organolepticcally and pH for 28 days storage, but viscosity of gels decreases by time. The result showes that ginger extract gel has antibacterial activity against P. aeruginosa, but does not have antibacterial activity against B. subtilis. Key words: ginger extract (Alpinia galanga), antibacterial activity, volatile oil eugenol and flavonoid

Aktivitas Antijamur Krim Minyak Atsiri Rimpang Lengkuas (Alpinia Galanga L.) Terhadap Candida Albicans

Alpinia galanga L. essential oil is active as antifungal agent. This reseach was aimed to find out Antifungal Activity of Alpinia Galanga Essential Oil Cream Against Candida albicans. Alpinia galanga essential oil was obtained by steam and water destillation method. There are five groups used in this research, there were Formula I (ketokonazol cream) as positive contol, Formula II (cream without addition of essential oil), Formula III ( cream with addition of essential oil 2 g), Formula IV (cream with addition of essential oil 2.75g), Formula V (cream with addition of essential oil 3.50 g). The cream were tested for physical properties (organoleptic, homogeneity, adhesiveness, spreading) and antifungal activity on Candida albicans. Data was analyzed by one way anava and continued by LSD (Least Significant Different) test of post hoc test. Research result indicated that a higher essential oil concentration will increase cream spreading. Antifungal activity of alpinia galanga essential oil cream increase along with increasing of essential oil concentration. Keyword : Alpinia galanga essential oil, cream, Candida albicans

Evaluasi Kadar Vitamin C Pada Buah Naga Putih (Hylocereus Undatus) Dan Buah Naga Kuning (Selenicereus Megalanthus) Dengan 2,6 Diklorofenolindofenol

Dragon fruit is a popular newcomer in Indonesia, beside of its interesting look, also contains various beneficial compounds such as Vitamin C. The most popular is Hylocereus undatus (white dragon fruit), and Selenicereus megalanthus (yellow dragon fruit). Those two species might contain different total concentration of vitamin C. This research was to determine the vitamin C concentration of White Dragon Fruit and Yellow Dragon Fruit. Vitamin C concentration was determined using 2,6 diclorofenolindophenol titration for three times replication. The data was then analyzed by T-test. The result showed that there was significant different of vitamin C content between white dragon fruit (mean 10,71403 mg/100g with SD=0,5270612) and yellow dragon fruit (mean 12,54929mg/100g with SD=1,0806851). Keywords: Vitamin C, White Dragon Fruit (Hylocereus undatus), Yellow Dragon Fruit (Selenicereus undatus), 2,6 diclorofenolindopheno

Formulasi Tablet Ekstrak Etanol Buah Mengkudu (Morinda Citrifolia L) Dengan Variasi Avicel Ph 101 Dan Amprotab Sebagai Bahan Pengering

It has been conducted a research on ethanol extract of Morinda citrifolia L tablet formulation. This research was aimed to find out whether composition variation of Avicel PH 101 and Amprotab as absorber could be formulated into tablet dosage form that meet requirement of good physical characteristic. The advantages of Avicel PH101 were having good compressibility and good the flow characteristic and fastening disintegration time of tablet. The advantage of Amprotab was cheap. Morinda citrifolia L. was extracted by maceration method by ethanol 70 %. Tablet of Morinda citrifolia L. was made by wet granulation. Ethanol extract of Morinda citrifolia L tablet was made in three formulas, they were formula I (100% Avicel PH 101), formula II (100% Amprotab) and formula II (50% Avicel PH 101: 50% Amprotab). Dry granule was examined the flow characteristics whereas tablets were examined the physical characteristic (weight uniformity, hardness, brittleness and disintegration time). Various combination of Avicel PH 101 and Amprotab resulted a good flowing time so that meet weight homogeneity, a good tablet hardness, lower brittleness and longer of disintegration time. Key word: Morinda citrifolia L., Avicel PH 101, Amprotab, tablet, wet granulation

Penapisan Fitokimia Dan Uji Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Herba Pulutan (Urena Lobata Linn.)

The research on phytochemical screening and antibacterial activity of ethanolic extract of pulutan (Urena lobata Linn) has been done. The purpose of this research was to explore the secondary metabolite and antibacterial activity of pulutan herbs. In this research, the extraction of pulutan herbs was using Sohletation methods with 96% ethanol as a solute. Phytochemical screening was done by Cannel methods and antibacterial activity test was done by diffusion method and use tha paper disk for the diffusion. Staphylococcus aureus (Positive Gram) and Escherichia coli (Negative Gram) were used in antibacterial activity test. The data which obtained from the research is analyzed by one way analysis of varian test with significance level in 95%. The result of phytochemical screening shown that pulutan herbs contain alkaloid and polyphenol compound. Antibacterial activity test showed that ethanolic extract of pulutan herbs has antibacterial activity againts Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Keywords: pulutan (Urena lobata Linn), antibacterial activity, phytochemical screening