Intraluminal aortic manipulation by means of intra-aortic filter, cannulation, and external clamp maneuvers evaluated versus dislodged embolic material

ObjectivesAortic atherosclerosis is an important risk factor for cerebrovascular accidents in cardiac surgery. An intra-aortic filter might reduce this risk. We aimed to analyze the risks for emboli associated with intraluminal aortic manipulation and intra-aortic filter handling in relation to cannulation and external clamp maneuvers.MethodsA model was designed with a cadaver aorta and retrograde perfusion (n = 16). A crossclamp was positioned on the ascending aorta and repeatedly opened under pressure to collect aliquots with dislodged particles. Cannulation was performed after 10 clamp maneuvers, followed by positioning and removing the intra-aortic filter, with each step followed by a washout sequence to collect perfusate. The removed filter was also analyzed. Evaluation was by means of digital image analysis, with differentiation of particles into different spectra.ResultsIntra-aortic filter manipulation produced a significant washout of embolic particles; in particular, this was seen for the macroscopic cellular spectrum (P = .006 and P = .002 for filter insertion and removal, respectively). Particles were also found to be collected by the filter (P = .004). In addition, cannulation and aortic crossclamp manipulation generated a notable number of particles (P = .001 and P = .013, respectively).ConclusionsThe intra-aortic filter collects material during aortic manipulation. However, intraluminal aortic manipulation from filter handling can also dislodge particles, possibly related to shedding of intimal debris. This is in addition to substantial amounts of particles that are generated by aortic cannulation and aortic crossclamping

Förbättrad lönsamhet i växtodlingsföretag!

The agriculture is today in a development that leads to bigger and bigger units in the primary production. To be able to follow this development many companies chooses to cooperate in different ways. The most radical change is when farmers fuses with other farmers and merge into to a big collectively owned operation firm. The reason behind this idea is that the firms achieve the big companies advantages by being complement to each other. The purpose of this essay is to make an economic analysis of two crop production companies who works together in an operation firm. The operation company is an economic unit that leases all the arable area, owns all the machines and other fixtures which means a lower endangerment for the owners. Farm lease and salary are being paid out to the farmers based on the size of their farm and after how much the farmers have worked. The profit is also shared between the farmers depending on how much land they have leased to the operation firm. The company takes care of all the administrations like for example selling and buying essential commodities. To be able to respond the questions within this essay data have been collected from two crop production companies in south Sweden. An interview study has been done with the current farmers to complement the collected data. The collected data have been used in a model, the model contain a machine calculation program and an operation planning program. The result of the model contains the basis for this essays further analysis and discussion. The expense of the machines is one of the largest expenses for a crop production firm. The result of this analysis is that the companies would diminish their working time per hectare vitally which would lead towards emancipatory of working time. The result of this essays shows that crop farming companies achieves big advantages by cooperate in an operation company. It is however very important to mention that interplay require a large engagement and positive attitude by the part owners to achieve a good working co-operation.Jordbruket befinner sig idag i en utveckling som leder till att lantbruksföretag går mot allt större driftsenheter i primärproduktionen. För att följa denna utveckling väljer många företag idag att samverka i olika former. Den kanske mest genomgripande samarbetsformen är när lantbrukare slår samman sina företag till ett gemensamt ägt driftsbolag. Den bärande idén för denna form av driftsamverkan är att företagen uppnår stordriftsfördelar genom att komplettera varandra. Syftet med arbetet är att göra en ekonomisk analys då två växtodlingsföretag samarbetar i ett driftsbolag. Driftsbolaget är en ekonomisk enhet som arrenderar all åkermark, äger alla maskiner och andra inventarier vilket innebär ett lägre risktagande för respektive delägare. Arrende och lön för nedlagt arbete betalas ut till respektive lantbrukare baserat på deras gårds storlek respektive nedlagt arbete i bolaget. Vinsten från den gemensamma driftsenheten fördelas även den efter hur stor del åkermark varje delägare arrenderar ut till driftsbolaget. Vidare sköts all administration för driften som t.ex. försäljningar och inköp av förnödenheter inom bolaget. För att besvara arbetets frågor har data insamlats från två växtodlingsgårdar i Mellanskåne. En intervjustudie med de aktuella lantbrukarna har även genomförts för att komplettera insamlad data. Det insamlade materialet har vidare använts i en modell innehållande ett maskinkalkylprogram samt ett driftsplaneringsprogram. Modellens resultat utgör sedan grunden för arbetets vidare analyser och diskussioner. Maskinkostnaderna är en av växtodlingsföretagens största kostnadsposter. Resultatet av dessa påverkas i stor utsträckning av att företagen genom samverkan skulle minska sin brukningstid per hektar väsentligt vilket leder till frigörande av arbetstid. Resultatet av arbetets analyser visar att lantbrukarna med inriktning på växtodling uppnår stora fördelar genom att samverka i form av ett driftsbolag. Dock är det väldigt viktigt att nämna att samverkan kräver ett väldigt engagemang och en positiv inställning av delägarna för ett väl fungerande samarbete

The dependence of present-day galaxy properties on environment and mass

In this thesis I show that only some of the commonly used stellar populations models can account for observed broad-band colors of the local galaxy population. Through a stellar population synthesis modeling, including the e ects of dust, I show that a galaxy's star formation history, stellar mass, chemical enrichment and dust extinction can be constrained over a large part of the parameter space using optical broad band photometry. An essientially volume complete sample of nearby (<50Mpc) galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey are selected and u,g,r,i,z-band photometry for these galaxies are measured from the survey images. Using my stellar population synthesis modeling I obtain the aforementioned properties and study how these, along with galaxy sizes and shapes, depend on galaxy stellar mass and environment. In addition, these galaxy properties are related to the mass functions of galaxy groups providing further insight into galaxy assembly. Moreover, I have performed an imaging study of the Abell 569 cluster core revealing signs of galaxy interactions as well as a galaxy luminosity function with a at faint end slope

Control Structure Assessment in an Industrial Control System

This paper describes the implementation of a structure assessmentmethod in an industrial control system. The method uses available signals to evaluate if a given signal can be used for additional feed forward control action to improve the performance of a control loop

Agreement of clinical assessment of burn size and burn depth between referring hospitals and burn centres: A systematic review

Background: The quality of burn care is highly dependent on the initial assessment and care. The aim of this systematic review was to investigate the agreement of clinical assessment of burn depth and %TBSA between the referring units and the receiving burn centres. Methods: Included articles had to meet criteria defined in a PICO (patients, interventions, comparisons, outcomes). Relevant databases were searched using a predetermined search string (November 6th 2021). Data were extracted in a standardised fashion. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach for test accuracy was used to assess the certainty of evidence. The QUADAS-2 tool was used to assess the risk of bias of individual studies as ‘high’, ‘low’ or ‘unclear’. Results: A total of 412 abstracts were retrieved and of these 28 studies with a total of 6461 patients were included, all reporting %TBSA and one burn depth. All studies were cross-sectional and most of them comprising retrospectively enrolled consecutive cohort. All studies showed a low agreement between %TBSA calculations made at referring units and at burn centres. Most studies directly comparing estimations of %TBSA at referring institutions and burn centers showed a proportion of overestimations of 50% or higher. The study of burn depth showed that 55% were equal to the estimates from the burn centre. Most studies had severe study limitations and the risk of imprecision was high. The overall certainty of evidence for accuracy of clinical estimations in referring centres is low (GRADE ⊕⊕ОО) for %TBSA and very low (GRADE ⊕ООО) for burn depth and resuscitation. Conclusion: Overestimation of %TBSA at referring hospitals occurs very frequently. The overall certainty of evidence for accuracy of clinical estimations in referring centres is low for burn size and very low for burn depth. The findings suggest that the burn community has a significant challenge in educating and communicating better with our colleagues at referring institutions and that high-quality studies are needed.publishedVersio

KOINTEGRATIONSANALYS AV SVENSKT FASTIGHETSPRISINDEX OCH OMXS

SAMMANFATTNING Titel: Kointegrationsanalys av svenskt fastighetsprisindex och OMXS Seminarium: 2008-06-02 Ämne/kurs: FEKK01, Examensarbete kandidatnivå, 15 poäng Författare: Sebastian Hammarström, Karl-Fredrik Hansson, Jonas Hellström, Karl Liljequist Handledare: Göran Anderson Fem nyckelord: fastighetsprisindex, OMXS, kointegration, diversifiering, långsiktigt samband Syfte: Analysera historisk data för att undersöka förekomsten av långsiktigt samband mellan fastighetspriser och OMXS och se hur resultatet kan gagna investerare. Metod: Engle-Grangers kointegrationstester. Teoretiska perspektiv: Den teoretiska referensramen utgörs av effektiva marknadshypotesen och random walkteorin vilka behandlar prisutvecklingen på en tillgång. Även modern portföljvalsteori används, vilken hanterar riskspridning i en portfölj. Empiri: Fastighetsprisindex och OMXS från Q2 år 1986 till Q4 år 2007. Data hämtas från Thomson Datastream. Resultat: Fastighetsprisindex och OMXS uppvisar inget långsiktigt samband och är därmed inte kointegrerade. Detta resultat kan utnyttjas av investerare med lång placeringshorisont för diversifiering av en portföl

Entreprenörens motivation

Gasellföretagen skapar många nya arbetstillfällen i Sverige. Under åren 2004 till 2007 stod gasellföretagen för drygt 10 procent av ökningen av Sveriges BNP. För att framgångsrika företag ska skapas och växa krävs individer som tar initiativet att starta och driva dessa. Tidigare forskning har fokuserat på vad som driver entreprenörer i uppstartsskedet, men lika viktigt är det att förstå vad det är som driver entreprenören i senare skeden. Vi har därför valt att se hur motivationen förändras över tiden hos den grundande entreprenören i gasellföretag. Den kvalitativa studien bygger på nio intervjuer med företagsgrundare av gaseller som delat med sig av sina berättelser och erfarenheter. Vi presenterar i vår studie vad som utmärker samt motiverar dem i deras arbete

Configuring the Ubiquitous Home

Abstract. This paper presents the development of a lightweight component model that allows user to manage the introduction and arrangement of new interactive services and devices in the home. Interaction techniques developed through userparticipation enable household members – rather than designers – to configure an