Ethiopia National Learning Alliance (NLA) Vision, Mission and Boundary partners

Department for International Development, United Kingdo

Variations in distal attachment of muscles of the leg, foot and the hand and their clinical implications in population of central Ethiopia

Anatomical variations in the distal attachment of lower and upper limb muscles are of paramount importance in surgical and clinical practice. Reports show variations in the insertion of the fibularis longus and brevis tendon from the lateral compartment of the leg, extensor hallucis longus and fibularis tertius from the anterior compartment of the leg, flexor digitorium brevis from the sole of the foot and the existence of accessory muscles in the dorsum of the hand. However, reports are scanty from Ethiopia. The present study was aimed at assessing the existence of variation in the distal attachments of muscles of the lower and upper limbs in the central Ethiopia population. Twenty-two formalin fixed cadavers were used. Careful dissection, critical observation and imaging were done accordingly. We have found the presence of two tendons of extensor halluces longus in one cases, absence of the lateral tendon to the 5thdigit of the flexor digitorum brevis of the sole of the foot in another case and the presence of the accessory extensor indicis muscle on the dorsum of the hand in a third case. These variations are important owing to the use of the tendons in tendon transfer surgeries to correct deformities of the hand, foot and ankle joint, and also for radiologists, clinicians, and surgeons in order to prevent adverse surgical events

Report on the SAIRLA-Ethiopia National Learning Alliance (NLA) Launch and Outcome Mapping Workshop, March 27-28, 2017

Department for International Development, United Kingdo

Performance Analysis of Transcritical Carbon Dioxide Rankine Cycle with Regenerator

Transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle (TCRC) has a potential to convert low grade heat source into power. Thus, the objective of this paper is to evaluate TCRC performance based on the first and the second law of thermodynamics for wide and different operating conditions. To address this, TCRC thermal efficiency, exergetic efficiency, utilization ratio and the exergy destruction of the components are analyzed parametrically. Engineering Equation Solver (EES) is used to solve the set of equations and to evaluate the working fluid properties at the given conditions. For the analysis compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency and effectiveness of the regenerator are assumed to be 0.9, 0.9 and 0.95, respectively. The pump inlet pressure was assumed to be 6.2 MPa. It is found that at 10 MPa turbine inlet pressure 240°C is the optimal turbine inlet temperature operating condition. The percentage of exergy destructions at 240°C turbine inlet temperature are 0.94, 4.53, 9.55, 41.23, and 43.74 by the pump, turbine, condenser, heater and regenerator, respectively. Hence, the highest and the smallest exergy destructions are in the regenerator and the pump. This study will help to select the potential component for further improvement

Performance Analysis of Transcritical Carbon Dioxide Rankine Cycle with Regenerator

Transcritical carbon dioxide Rankine cycle (TCRC) has a potential to convert low grade heat source into power. Thus, the objective of this paper is to evaluate TCRC performance based on the first and the second law of thermodynamics for wide and different operating conditions. To address this, TCRC thermal efficiency, exergetic efficiency, utilization ratio and the exergy destruction of the components are analyzed parametrically. Engineering Equation Solver (EES) is used to solve the set of equations and to evaluate the working fluid properties at the given conditions. For the analysis compressor efficiency, turbine efficiency and effectiveness of the regenerator are assumed to be 0.9, 0.9 and 0.95, respectively. The pump inlet pressure was assumed to be 6.2 MPa. It is found that at 10 MPa turbine inlet pressure 240°C is the optimal turbine inlet temperature operating condition. The percentage of exergy destructions at 240°C turbine inlet temperature are 0.94, 4.53, 9.55, 41.23, and 43.74 by the pump, turbine, condenser, heater and regenerator, respectively. Hence, the highest and the smallest exergy destructions are in the regenerator and the pump. This study will help to select the potential component for further improvement