Time and distance in acceleration of road commercial vehicles

The time and the distance traveled during the acceleration and the velocity retaking are parameters used for the comparison and the project of vehicles. In this paper equations for the calculation of those parameters are presented. Several criteria are presented for the shift gears. It is also verified the occurrence or not of total slip during the acceleration of the vehicle. The theoretical models were implemented in a developed computational system. Such system was applied in a Mercedes-Benz do Brazil sample vehicle, in order to facilitate comparisons between the simulate values and the experimental road tests. Copyright © 1997 Society of Automotive Engineers, Inc

Detection of cross infections by Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma spp. in dogs using indirect immunoenzyme assay, indirect fluorescent antibody test and polymerase chain reaction

The aim of this study was to detect cross infections by Leishmania spp. and Trypanosoma spp. using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thus, 408 blood samples were collected from dogs domiciled in Ara double dagger atuba Municipality, So Paulo State, Brazil; the dogs were of both sexes, of several breeds and aged 6 months. For Leishmania spp., 14.95 % (61 out of 408) of dogs were reactive using IFAT. Positivity was 20.10 % (82 out of 408) using ELISA and 29.66 % (121 out of 408) using PCR, with significant differences for the sex and age of these animals (p < 0.05). For Trypanosoma spp., antibody occurrence using ELISA was 10.54 % (43 out of 408), while PCR indicated 2.45 % (10 out of 408) positive dogs. Using IFAT, 10.29 % (42 out of 408) of animals were considered positive and only sex showed a significant difference (p < 0.05). In this study, 10.54 % (43 out of 408) of animals were seropositive according to ELISA for Trypanosoma spp., of which 79.07 % (34 out of 43) showed positive results in the molecular diagnosis for Leishmania spp., while of the 10.29 % (42 out of 408) positive dogs according to IFAT, 95.24 % (40 out of 42) had confirmed infection by this parasite. The obtained results demonstrate evidence of cross infections by both protozoa in the animals analysed in this study.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP

Niemann-Pick disease type C: a case series of Brazilian patients

The aim of the study was to analyze a series of Brazilian patients with Niemann-Pick disease type C (NP-C). Method Correlations between clinical findings, laboratory data, molecular findings and treatment response are presented. Result The sample consisted of 5 patients aged 8 to 26 years. Vertical supranuclear gaze palsy, cerebellar ataxia, dementia, dystonia and dysarthria were present in all cases. Filipin staining showed the “classical” pattern in two patients and a “variant” pattern in three patients. Molecular analysis found mutations in the NPC1 gene in all alleles. Miglustat treatment was administered to 4 patients. Conclusion Although filipin staining should be used to confirm the diagnosis, bone marrow sea-blue histiocytes often help to diagnosis of NP-C. The p.P1007A mutation seems to be correlated with the “variant” pattern in filipin staining. Miglustat treatment response seems to be correlated with the age at disease onset and disability scale score at diagnosis

44º Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Topical

Apenas foram migradas as páginas e/ou folhas que evidenciam a participação e/ou citação a Dra. Gilberta Bensabath.BR IEC GB AP EVE 223itemItensResumos dos trabalhos apresentados no 44º Congresso da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical "Espécies de culicidae, vetores de doenças tropicais em área de proteção ambiental (APA do gelado), área de influência do projeto Salobo no município de Parauapebas/Pará/Brasil", "Estudo dos culicídeos e arbovírus circulantes no município de Marcelândia/Mato Grosso, Brasil", "Fauna de culicidae em uma área de influência do projeto Salobo no município de Marabá/Pará/Brasil", "Vigilância sorológica para arbovírus de ocorrência na Amazônia brasileira em animais do município de Parauapebas e Marabá - Pará no ano de 2007" e "Vigilância sorológica para arbovírus de ocorrência na Amazônia brasileira em animais do município de Parauapebas e Marabá - Pará no ano de 2008", realizado em Porto Alegre

Nonneurological Involvement In Late-onset Friedreich Ataxia (lofa): Exploring The Phenotypes.

Friedreich's ataxia (FDRA) is the most common inherited ataxia worldwide, caused by homozygous GAA expansions in the FXN gene. Patients usually have early onset ataxia, areflexia, Babinski sign, scoliosis and pes cavus, but at least 25 % of cases have atypical phenotypes. Disease begins after the age of 25 in occasional patients (late-onset Friedreich ataxia (LOFA)). Little is known about the frequency and clinical profile of LOFA patients. One hundred six patients with molecular confirmation of FDRA and followed in three Brazilian outpatient centers were enrolled. General demographics, GAA expansion size, age at onset, cardiac, endocrine, and skeletal manifestations were evaluated and compared between LOFA and classic FDRA (cFDRA) groups. We used Mann-Whitney and Fisher tests to compare means and proportions between groups; p values <0.05 were considered significant. LOFA accounted for 17 % (18/106) and cFDRA for 83 % (88/106) of the patients. There were 13 and 48 women in each group, respectively. LOFA patients were significantly older and had smaller GAA expansions. Clinically, LOFA group had a tendency toward lower frequency of diabetes/impaired glucose tolerance (5.8 vs. 17 %, p = 0.29) and cardiomyopathy (16.6 vs. 28.4 %, p = 0.38). Skeletal abnormalities were significantly less frequent in LOFA (scoliosis 22 vs. 61 %, p = 0.003, and pes cavus 22 vs.75 %, p < 0.001) as were spasticity and sustained reflexes, found in 22 % of LOFA patients but in none of the cFDRA patients (p = 0.001). LOFA accounts for 17 % of Brazilian FDRA patients evaluated herein. Clinically, orthopedic features and spasticity with retained reflexes are helpful tips to differentiate LOFA from cFDRA patients

Definição da dimensão do indivíduo solo e determinação do número de amostras simples necessário à sua representação Determination of a soil individual and the number of single samples required to represent it

Uma população é composta por indivíduos, e a amostragem correta dos indivíduos estima adequadamente as características da população. Porém, para avaliar a fertilidade do solo, quem seria o indivíduo solo (unidades de amostra) e qual sua dimensão? Com o objetivo de definir a dimensão do indivíduo solo componente de determinada população, sob plantio direto (PD) ou sob plantio convencional antes (PCAA) ou depois da aração (PCDA), visando avaliar a fertilidade do solo e desenvolver um método de amostragem de solos, determinando o número de amostras simples necessário à formação de uma amostra composta que caracterize o indivíduo solo (unidade de amostra), foram coletadas amostras simples de solo (5,4 cm de diâmetro x 10 cm de profundidade) sobre as semidiagonais de cinco hexágonos delimitados sobre cada uma das áreas selecionadas para amostragem (PD, PCAA e PCDA). Os hexágonos de amostragem apresentavam 2 m de lado e, em cada uma das seis semidiagonais dos mesmos, foram coletadas dez amostras simples de solo (55 por hexágono) nas seguintes distâncias, a partir de uma amostra simples central, medidas até o centro do orifício de coleta: 12,5; 25,0; 37,5; 50,0; 75,0; 100,0; 112,5; 150,0 e 200,0 cm, sendo a amostra simples central comum às seis semidiagonais. Foram determinados o pH (H2O), os teores de P e K disponíveis e de Ca2+ e Mg2+, H + Al, P-rem e a matéria orgânica. As amostras simples foram agrupadas sucessivamente a partir do centro do hexágono, formando nove unidades de amostra: A (até 18,75), B (até 31,25), C (até 43,75), D (até 56,25), E (até 81,25), F (até 106,25), G (até 118,75), H (até 156,25) e I (até 206,25 cm). Foi realizada análise de regressão das médias e dos desvios-padrão das características avaliadas, considerando possíveis dimensões da unidade de amostra de solo. A partir dos resultados obtidos, pôde-se concluir que: para a caracterização do indivíduo solo (unidade de amostra), devem-se coletar 25 amostras simples, necessárias à formação de uma amostra composta representativa, num hexágono de 68,75 cm de lado e área de 1,228 m².<br>A population consists of individuals and a correct sampling of the individuals estimates population characteristics adequately. However, to evaluate soil fertility, what would be the soil individual (sample units), and of what size? The objective of this study was to determine the dimension of the individual soil component of a particular population, in three sampling areas: under no-till or under conventional tillage before or after plowing, and to evaluate soil fertility and develop a soil sampling method, determining the number of single samples required to form a composite sample that would characterize a soil individual (sample unit). Single soil samples (5.4 cm diameter x 10 cm deep) were collected along the semi-diagonals of five hexagons outlined on the selected sampling areas. The sampling hexagons had 2 m long sides and from each of the six semi-diagonals, 10 single soil samples (55 per hexagon) were collected at the distances 12.5; 25.0; 37.5; 50.0; 75.0; 100.0; 112.5; 150.0 and 200.0 cm, measured from a simple central sample, to the center of the sampling spot. The single central sample was the same for the six semi-diagonals. Soil pH (H2O), available P and K, Ca2+ and Mg2+ concentrations and H + Al, equilibrium-P and organic matter were determined. The single samples were grouped successively from the hexagon center and formed nine sampling units: A (up to 18.75), B (up to 31.25), C (up to 43.75), D (up to 56.25), E (up to 81.25), F (up to 106.25), G (up to 118.75), H (up to 156.25) and I (up to 206.25 cm). Regression analysis of the means and standard deviations of the evaluated characteristics was performed considering the possible dimensions of the soil sample unit. Based on the results, the conclusion was drawn that 25 simple samples must be collected to characterize a soil individual (sample unit), for the formation of a representative composite sample in a 68.75 cm-sided hexagon with an area of 1.228 m²