Comparison of seven wind gust parameterizations over the European part of Russia

Wind gusts are extreme events which can cause severe damage. Gusts can reach significant values even during medium winds. However, numerical atmospheric models are designed to reproduce average wind speed, not gusts. There are several approaches to estimating wind gusts. Seven different methods are applied to WRF-ARW model output. Results are compared to high-frequency wind speed measurements using ultrasonic anemometers and temperature profiler measurement at the same point in Moscow. Data gathered from synoptic station network over the European part of Russia were also included in the analysis to increase the statistics. None of the wind gust estimation methods shows best results at every skill score. The proposed hybrid method shows good balance between the probability of detection and the false alarm ratio estimates.</p

Recommendations for the Programme of Clinical Trials of Medicinal Products for the Treatment of Influenza

The development of new medicinal products to treat influenza is motivated by the limitations of existing treatment options, the emergence of drug resistance, and the health consequences of influenza epidemics associated with the highly contagious nature of the virus. Proper planning and implementation of clinical programmes providing reliable data on the efficacy and safety of medicinal products under development requires adherence to recommendations of the regulatory authorities. At the moment, the Russian Federation, the Eurasian Economic Union, and the European Union lack documented recommendations on conducting clinical trials of anti-influenza medicines. There is a need in national guidelines that will reflect the procedure for conducting clinical trials and establish the required amount of data to be submitted with marketing applications for new anti-influenza products. The aim of this study was to analyse possible regulatory approaches to planning clinical development programmes for anti-influenza medicinal products. The article pays particular attention to phase III studies, as the main studies confirming efficacy and safety. The authors described a clinical development strategy and the requirements for the volume and quality of efficacy and safety data. This article is based on the current Russian recommendations for the design and development of medicinal products and guidelines on their evaluation, as well as the recommendations by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The analysis results demonstrate the necessity for elaborating Russian recommendations for clinical studies of medicinal products for the treatment of influenza that will take into account the national legislation and clinical development practices. Such recommendations will streamline the implementation of new effective anti-influenza medicinal products

Gain switching of an external cavity grating-coupled surface emitting laser with wide tunability

The gain-switched, single frequency operation of an external cavity grating-coupled surface emitting laser with a wavelength tuning range of 100 nm was presented. The light in the grating section was coupled out of the laser at a specific angle to the surface of the device. Analysis showed that within the driving current range, lasing in the device only occurred when the external cavity was properly aligned

What do we know about the molecular and biological features of EGFR in glioblastomas and non-small cell lung cancer?

The EGFR mutation is one of the most common mutations in malignant neoplasms. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a growth factor receptor that induces cell differentiation and proliferation when activated by binding one of its ligands. The receptor is located on the cell surface, where ligand binding activates a tyrosine kinase in the intracellular region of the receptor. The tyrosine kinase phosphorylates a number of intracellular substrates and further activates pathways leading to cell growth, DNA synthesis and oncogene expression. Gene amplification is a process characterized by an increase in the copy number of a restricted region in the chromosome shoulder, which is associated with overexpression of the corresponding amplified gene. Amplification of the EGFR gene is detected in about 40% of glioblastoma cases. It should be noted that EGFR gene amplification is accompanied by the acquisition of many mutations, which include intragenic deletions and point mutations. The most common EGFR mutation in glioblastomas of the brain is a deletion in exon 2-7 (EGFRvIII) frame, which occurs in 50% of all cases of EGFR-amplified glioblastoma. Despite great advances in molecular biology and targeted therapies, patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and glioblastoma still lead in mortality. Most of them have “classical” EGFR mutations (deletions in exon 19 and 21), but 15-20% of patients have rare mutations, which most often include point mutations, deletions and insertions in exon 18 and 25. Thus, rare EGFR mutations are a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target in cancer. This review summarizes data on the role of EGFR in the carcinogenesis of NMPL and glioblastoma. The literature search was performed using the Pubmed database

Planning a clinical trial programme for direct-acting antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis C

Scientific relevance. Direct-acting antivirals have significantly improved the effectiveness of treatment for hepatitis C. However, Russia and the Eurasian Economic Union lack recommendations for the clinical development of medicinal products from this pharmacotherapeutic group.Aim. The study aimed to analyse the requirements and recommendations for planning safety and efficacy clinical trials of direct-acting antivirals for chronic viral hepatitis C, outlined in the regulatory documents of the European Union and the United States.Discussion. Upon analysing the requirements and recommendations, the authors explained the reasons behind choosing the target population and the design for the efficacy and confirmatory studies. The article covers the clinical development of direct-acting antivirals in special populations, including patients with hepatitis C and HIV co-infection, a liver transplant, and prior treatment experience. According to the authors, patients who achieved a sustained virological response should be followed up for a full year after the end of treatment in order to confirm the durability of their response. A dose-finding study should first identify a suitable dose range for monotherapy and, subsequently, for combined therapy. Current treatment regimens should be optimised, and studies should be conducted to reduce treatment duration.Conclusions. The authors outlined the main approaches and a methodology for clinical trial programmes that should take into account the degree of correlation between the efficacy of direct-acting antivirals and the genotype/subtype of hepatitis C virus

Особенности применения вертебральных методик массажа в оздоровительных и профилактических целях = Features of vertebral massage techniques in wellness and prevention

Samosyuk I. Z., Gubenko V. p., Samosyuk N. I., Tkalina A. V., Zachatko T. M., Fedorov S. M., Chuhraeva E. N., Zukow W. Особенности применения вертебральных методик массажа в оздоровительных и профилактических целях = Features of vertebral massage techniques in wellness and prevention. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2015;5(1):171-202. ISSN 2391-8306. DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14834http://ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/2015%3B5%281%29%3A171-202https://pbn.nauka.gov.pl/works/533672http://dx.doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14834Formerly Journal of Health Sciences. ISSN 1429-9623 / 2300-665X. Archives 2011 – 2014 http://journal.rsw.edu.pl/index.php/JHS/issue/archive Deklaracja.Specyfika i zawartość merytoryczna czasopisma nie ulega zmianie.Zgodnie z informacją MNiSW z dnia 2 czerwca 2014 r., że w roku 2014 nie będzie przeprowadzana ocena czasopism naukowych; czasopismo o zmienionym tytule otrzymuje tyle samo punktów co na wykazie czasopism naukowych z dnia 31 grudnia 2014 r.The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education of Poland parametric evaluation. Part B item 1089. (31.12.2014).© The Author (s) 2015;This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Kazimierz Wielki University in Bydgoszcz, Poland and Radom University in Radom, PolandOpen Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author(s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercialuse, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.Received: 20.10.2014. Revised 18.01.2015. Accepted: 25.01.2015.  ОСОБЕННОСТИ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ ВЕРТЕБРАЛЬНЫХ МЕТОДИК МАССАЖА В ОЗДОРОВИТЕЛЬНЫХ И ПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКИХ ЦЕЛЯХ FEATURES OF VERTEBRAL MASSAGE TECHNIQUES IN WELLNESS AND PREVENTION Самосюк И.З., Губенко В.П., Самосюк Н.И., Ткалина А.В., Зачатко Т.М., Федоров С.М., Чухраева Е.Н., Жуков В.А. Samosyuk I. Z., Gubenko V. p., Samosyuk N. I., Tkalina A. V., Zachatko T. M., Fedorov S. M., Chuhraeva E. N., Zukow w. Національна медична академія післядипломної освіти імені П.Л. Шупика, Kyiv, UkraineUniwersytet Kazimierza Wielkiego, Bydgoszcz, PolskaNational Medical Academy of postgraduate education named after P.L. Shupyk, Kyiv, UkraineKazimierz Wielki University, Bydgoszcz, Poland Ключевые слова: позвоночные массажные техники; оздоровительный массаж. keywords: vertebral massage techniques; wellness. резюме Есть средство, которое уже многие века приносит людям пользу, укрепляет их здоровье, поднимает жизненный тонус, делает мышцы сильными и упругими. Одним оно продлевает молодость, другим возвращает бодрость и хорошее самочувствие. Средство это – массаж (Бирюков А.А., 1977).Массаж – это метод дозированного механического воздействия на ткани и органы больного с помощью рук массажиста в виде определенных приемов или специальных аппаратов.Вопросы, связанные с назначением массажа, требуют соблюдения медицинской этики, такта.При назначении массажа врач должен указать, в каком сочетании с другими процедурами следует применять его разновидности, должен постоянно наблюдать за больным, а массажист должен сообщать врачу обо всех отклонениях. Такой подход к применению массажа делает этот метод наиболее эффективным при лечении различных заболеваний и повреждений. abstract There is a tool that brings people for many centuries, strengthens their health benefits, raises a vitality that makes the muscles strong and supple. one it prolongs youth, the other gets the vivacity and good mood. this tool-massage (Biryukov A., 1977).Massage is a method of measured mechanical impact on the patient's tissues and organs through the hands of the masseur in the form of certain techniques or special apparatus.Issues relating to the appointment of massage require adherence to medical ethics, quantum.When a massage therapist should indicate in which combined with other procedures should apply its variety, must constantly monitor the patient and the therapist should inform your doctor about all deviations. Such an approach to the application of massage makes this method is most effective in the treatment of various diseases and injuries

Widely tunable gain-switched operation of external cavity grating-coupled surface emitting laser

Widely tunable gain switching of a grating-coupled surface-emitting laser (GCSEL) has been demonstrated in a simple external cavity configuration for the first time. Pulse duration in range of 40-100ps and wavelength tuning over 100nm have been achieved. High power, tail-free optical pulses have been observed at 980nm

Планирoвание прoграммы регистрациoнных клинических исследoваний препаратoв для лечения хрoническoгo гепатита С

In 2016 the WHO Assembly defined a global strategy to combat viral hepatitis viruses, which seeks to eliminate these infections by 2030. The most important goals of this programme, adopted by 194 countries, are to reduce the incidence of viral hepatitis by 90 % and mortality rates – by 65 % as compared to the levels observed in 2016. Therefore, there is an obvious need for development of medicines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The aim of the present paper was to determine basic approaches to planning pre-authorisation clinical trials for the main groups of medicines for the treatment of chronic hepatitis C. The paper summarises the current trends in the treatment of chronic hepatitis C; it lists medicines with direct antiviral effect that are currently registered in the Russian Federation, as well as interferon-free and interferon-containing regimens for the treatment of this disease. The authors examined the current requirements in force in the Russian Federation, namely: the Federal Law No. 61-FZ «On circulation of medicines» dated April 12, 2010, the Guideline on Evaluation of Medicinal Products, the Clinical Recommendations for Diagnosis and Treatment of Adult Patients with Hepatitis C, as well as recommendations of the European Medicines Agency and the Food and Drug Administration in order to analyse the planning of programmes of pre-authorisation clinical trials of interferon alfa products and direct antivirals. Ассамблея Всемирной организации здравоохранения в 2016 г. oпределила глoбальную стратегию пo бoрьбе с вирусными гепатитами, предпoлагающую элиминацию данных инфекций к 2030 г. Важнейшими целями данной прoграммы, принятoй 194 странами мира, являются сoкращение числа нoвых случаев заражения вирусными гепатитами на 90 % и числа случаев смерти oт негo на 65 % пo сравнению с урoвнем 2016 г. В связи с этим oчевидна актуальнoсть разрабoтки препаратoв для лечения хрoническoгo гепатита С. Целью работы являлось определение основных подходов к планированию программ разрабoтки регистрациoнных клинических исследoваний основных групп лекарственных препаратов, применяемых для лечения хронического гепатита С. В статье описаны сoвременные пoдхoды к лечению хрoническoгo гепатита С, приведен перечень зарегистрирoванных в Российской Федерации препаратoв прямoгo прoтивoвируснoгo действия, безинтерферoнoвых и интерферoн-сoдержащих схем лечения даннoй нoзoлoгии. На основании актуальных требований, действующих в Российской Федерации: Федеральнoго закoна Российской Федерации oт 12 апреля 2010 г. № 61-ФЗ «Oб oбращении лекарственных средств», рекомендаций «Рукoвoдство пo экспертизе лекарственных средств», «Клинические рекoмендации по диагностике и лечению взрослых больных гепатитом С», а также с учетом рекомендаций Европейского агентства по лекарственным средствам и Управления по контролю за качеством продуктов питания и лекарственных средств США, рассмoтрены вoпрoсы планирoвания прoграмм разрабoтки регистрациoнных клинических исследoваний лекарственных препаратoв интерферoна альфа и препаратoв прямoгo прoтивoвируснoгo действия

ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЕ И МИГРАЦИОННАЯ ПОЛИТИКА

International migration has become an integral part of the globalization process and came to the fore on the agenda of world politics. During the given research a large amount of statistical material has been processed and visualized to assess capacity and  nature of labor markets in Russia and countries - members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization. The basic trends, forming the key aspects of the State migration policy in this sector of economy, which are the factors of competitiveness and implementation of the program of import substitution are identified.Международная миграция стала неотъемлемой частью процесса глобализации и вышла на первый план в повестке дня мировой политики. В ходе данного исследования был обработан и визуализирован большой объем статистического материала для оценки емкости и характера рынков труда России и государств – членов ШОС. Выявлены основные в данном секторе экономики тренды, формирующие ключевые аспекты миграционной политики государства, которые являются факторами обеспечения конкурентоспособности и реализации программы импортозамещения