Nouveaux Orthoptères (Ensifera, Insecta) du Trias des Vosges (France)

Three new Orthoptera, Ensifera (Hagloidea and Gryllavoidea) from the Grés à Voltzia (Upper Buntsandstein, transition Lower / Middle Triassic) of the Vosges (France) are described based on forewings. Galliagryllavus vogesiacus n.gen., n.sp. (Gryllavidae) shows affinities with Gryllavus madygenicus SHAROV 1968 from the Triassic of Madygen (Kirghizistan). Triassoparacyrtophyllites bifurcatus n.gen., n.sp. (Tuphellidae) displays some similarities with Paracyrtophillites undulatus SHAROV 1968 from the Upper Jurassic of Karatau (Kazakhstan). Voltziahagla pseudoveinosa n.gen., n.sp. (Haglidae) seems close to the genus Archaboilus MARTYNOV 1937 from the Lower Jurassic of Shurab (Tadjikistan). These three Ensifera which belong to distinct families underscore the diversity of the Hagloidea and the Gryllavoidea at the boundary between the Lower and Middle Triassic. A cladistic study would be necessary to determine the phylogenetical relationships between the different families

The Sail-Backed Reptile Ctenosauriscus from the Latest Early Triassic of Germany and the Timing and Biogeography of the Early Archosaur Radiation

Background Archosaurs (birds, crocodilians and their extinct relatives including dinosaurs) dominated Mesozoic continental ecosystems from the Late Triassic onwards, and still form a major component of modern ecosystems (>10,000 species). The earliest diverse archosaur faunal assemblages are known from the Middle Triassic (c. 244 Ma), implying that the archosaur radiation began in the Early Triassic (252.3–247.2 Ma). Understanding of this radiation is currently limited by the poor early fossil record of the group in terms of skeletal remains. Methodology/Principal Findings We redescribe the anatomy and stratigraphic position of the type specimen of Ctenosauriscus koeneni (Huene), a sail-backed reptile from the Early Triassic (late Olenekian) Solling Formation of northern Germany that potentially represents the oldest known archosaur. We critically discuss previous biomechanical work on the ‘sail’ of Ctenosauriscus, which is formed by a series of elongated neural spines. In addition, we describe Ctenosauriscus-like postcranial material from the earliest Middle Triassic (early Anisian) Röt Formation of Waldhaus, southwestern Germany. Finally, we review the spatial and temporal distribution of the earliest archosaur fossils and their implications for understanding the dynamics of the archosaur radiation. Conclusions/Significance Comprehensive numerical phylogenetic analyses demonstrate that both Ctenosauriscus and the Waldhaus taxon are members of a monophyletic grouping of poposauroid archosaurs, Ctenosauriscidae, characterised by greatly elongated neural spines in the posterior cervical to anterior caudal vertebrae. The earliest archosaurs, including Ctenosauriscus, appear in the body fossil record just prior to the Olenekian/Anisian boundary (c. 248 Ma), less than 5 million years after the Permian–Triassic mass extinction. These earliest archosaur assemblages are dominated by ctenosauriscids, which were broadly distributed across northern Pangea and which appear to have been the first global radiation of archosaurs

The Triassic Lycopsids Pleuromeia and Annalepis: Relationships, Evolution, and Origin

Volume: 91Start Page: 115End Page: 14

Coniferes et polen in situ du Buntsandstein de l'ile de Majorque(Baléares, Espagne)

[FR] L’étude morphologique de deux cónes máles provenant de la partie supéricure du Buntsandstein (unité d’Estellencs) de l’ile de Majorque (Baléares, Espagne) a révélé qu’ils correspondaient au genre d’organe reproducteur de conifére Willsiostrobus. L’étude de leur pollen in situ a cependant montré qu’ils appartenaient á deux espéces distinetes. Lun d’eux a en effet livré des grains de pollen correspondant á la forme dispersée Vo/tziaceaesporites heteromorpha et il a, de ce fait, pu étre rapprocher de W rhomboidalis, une espéce caractéristique du Grés á Voltzia du nord-est de la France. Pour l’autre cóne qui était inconnu auparavant, une espéce nouvelle a été créée, W hexasacciphorus n. sp. II représente l’organe qui produisait les grains de pollen á six ballonnets correspondant á la forme dispersée connue sous les noms de &ellapollenites thiergartii et de Hexasaccites muelleri et qui est également présente dans le Grés á Voltzia des Vosges (France). La présence de cette forme pollinique hexasaccate dans l’unité d’Estellencs indique que la partie supérieure du Buntsandstein de l’íle de Majorque est d’áge anisien, tout comme la partie sommitale du Buntsandstein supérieur dans le nord-est de la France, oú celle-ci est représentée par le Grés á Voltzia.[ES] El estudio morfológico de dos microconos procedentes de la Unidad de Estellencs (Mallorca) pone de manifiesto su pertenencia al genero WIIlsiostrobu& Ambos órganos reproductores contenían aún en su interior granos polínicos, aunque de tipos diferentes. Uno de los conos mostraba un tipo de polen conocido, en forma dispersa, como Vo/tziaceaesporites heteromorpha, que anteriomente habia sido relacionado con el cono de W rhomboidalig especie característica del Grés á Voltzia del Noreste de Franeta. El otro cono contenía en su interior una forma polínica, que dispersa se conoció bajo dos denominaciones (Stellapollenites thiergartii y Hexasaccites muellerú, desconociéndose a que tipo de microcono pertenecían. Se propone la denominación de W hexasacciphorus para este órgano reproductor. La presencia, en la Unidad de Estellenes, de los tipos citados evidencia que la parte superior del Huntsandstein de Mallorca es de edad Anisiense.[EN] The morphological study of two male eones from the upper part of the Buntsandstein (Estellencs unit) of the Majorca Island (Balearie Isles, Spain) shows that they belong to the conifer reproductive organ genus Willsiostrobus. The study of their pollen in situ indicates that they have to be attributed to two distinct species. One of them provided pollen grains corresponding to the sporae dispersae Voltziaceaesporites heteromorpha and could be referred to 1V rhomboidalis, a characteristie species of the Grés á Voltzia (Upper Buntsandstein) of northeastern France. The other one which was unknown before represents a new species, 1V hexasacciphorus. It is the reproductive organ which produced the hexasaccate pollen corresponding to the sporae dispersae known under two taxons Stellapollenites thiergartii and Hexasaccites muelleri, which also occurs in the Grés á Voltzia of the Vosges (France). The occurrence of this pollen type in the Estellenes unit indicates that the upper part of the Buntsandstein in the Majorca Island is Anisian, like the uppermost part of the Upper Buntsanstein in the northeastern France where it is represented by the Grés á Voltzia.Peer reviewe

The first \u27cicada-like Homoptera\u27 from the Triassic of the Vosges, France

Volume: 41Start Page: 1195End Page: 120