La presentación de los informativos diarios en televisión en su edición de noche: La 1 de TVE, Antena 3 y Aragón Televisión (2018)

Este estudio sobre la presentación de informativos diarios en televisión en las cadenas: La 1 de TVE, Antena 3 y Aragón Televisión en sus ediciones de noche, tiene como objetivo analizar la manera de presentar estos informativos. Para ello se han tenido en cuenta aspectos como la estructura del informativo, la figura del presentador/a, la comunicación verbal y no verbal, el maquillaje y peluquería, el vestuario, la puesta en escena, la iluminación, la realización y la línea gráfica. Se trata de un análisis de contenido con perspectiva cualitativa basado en la observación no participante que se ha llevado a cabo durante siete días (excluidas las ediciones de fin de semana) correspondiente a la segunda semana de febrero. Se han visualizado un total de veinte informativos porque los datos obtenidos se han considerado suficiente para conseguir una radiografía adecuada

Paisaje vegetal y gestión de recursos leñosos durante la transición Epipaleolítico-Neolítico en el valle del Ebro. Aportaciones desde la antracología

El trabajo realizado en el marco de esta tesis se centra en una aproximación integral a las interacciones entre las sociedades prehistóricas y la vegetación leñosa en el valle del Ebro (NE España), asumiendo las oportunidades y limitaciones que presenta la antracología, disciplina arqueobotánica que utilizamos como vehículo para esta aproximación, tanto en su vertiente paleoecológica como paleoeconómica.Los materiales arqueobotánicos estudiados proceden de 15 yacimientos arqueológicos que contienen secuencias más o menos amplias, registrando visitas humanas entre el Magdaleniense y el Neolítico. Estos se concentran en áreas de baja y media montaña de los rebordes montañosos del sector central de la depresión del Ebro, un área biogeográfica marcada en la actualidad por los grandes contrastes topográficos de su compleja orografía y la continentalidad y la aridez del clima.El estudio taxonómico y de las alteraciones de la anatomía de la madera nos ha permitido aproximarnos a las pautas en el aprovechamiento de los recursos vegetales leñosos por parte de las últimas las últimos sociedades cazadoras-recolectoras y las primeros productoras, un momento de especial interés para la arqueología.Este trabajo, que contribuye al conocimiento de las relaciones entre el ser humano y su entorno vegetal entre el Tardiglaciar y el Holoceno Medio (14.5-4.2 ka cal BP), nos ha permitido reconstruir las particularidades de la evolución de la vegetación en el sector central del valle del Ebro a través de los vestigios de su aprovechamiento humano, tanto a nivel local, en el entorno más inmediato de los asentamientos, como regional, a través del trabajo de síntesis y compendio de datos de todas la secuencias disponibles en el territorio.El uso de la madera mejor documentado es su explotación como combustible doméstico, aunque también hemos documentado otros posibles usos como la alimentación del ganado mediante forraje arbóreo. La explotación forestal tendría en todo momento un carácter local y oportunista en función de la localización biogeográfica y la funcionalidad de los asentamientos.Durante el Tardiglaciar se explotaron los bosques de coníferas que perduran hasta bien entrado el Holoceno Medio, como denota la presencia del pino tipo albar (Pinus tp. sylvestris) en las altitudes medias y los enebros y sabinas (Juniperus sp.) en el sector central de la cuenca. Mientras que las primeras sociedades agrícolas se asientan en el seno de paisajes dominados por bosques de quercíneas caducifolias o perennifolias en función de la latitud y altitud a lo largo de toda la cuenca mediterránea, en el sector central del valle del Ebro, hemos constatado una tardía expansión de las quercíneas respecto a las áreas circundantes. El estudio contribuye también a conocer la repartición pasada de algunos taxones de particular interés en nuestro territorio, principalmente el pino carrasco (Pinus halepensis), y los inicios de la antropización en el medio.<br /

Healthcare workers hospitalized due to COVID-19 have no higher risk of death than general population. Data from the Spanish SEMI-COVID-19 Registry

Aim To determine whether healthcare workers (HCW) hospitalized in Spain due to COVID-19 have a worse prognosis than non-healthcare workers (NHCW). Methods Observational cohort study based on the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry, a nationwide registry that collects sociodemographic, clinical, laboratory, and treatment data on patients hospitalised with COVID-19 in Spain. Patients aged 20-65 years were selected. A multivariate logistic regression model was performed to identify factors associated with mortality. Results As of 22 May 2020, 4393 patients were included, of whom 419 (9.5%) were HCW. Median (interquartile range) age of HCW was 52 (15) years and 62.4% were women. Prevalence of comorbidities and severe radiological findings upon admission were less frequent in HCW. There were no difference in need of respiratory support and admission to intensive care unit, but occurrence of sepsis and in-hospital mortality was lower in HCW (1.7% vs. 3.9%; p = 0.024 and 0.7% vs. 4.8%; p<0.001 respectively). Age, male sex and comorbidity, were independently associated with higher in-hospital mortality and healthcare working with lower mortality (OR 0.211, 95%CI 0.067-0.667, p = 0.008). 30-days survival was higher in HCW (0.968 vs. 0.851 p<0.001). Conclusions Hospitalized COVID-19 HCW had fewer comorbidities and a better prognosis than NHCW. Our results suggest that professional exposure to COVID-19 in HCW does not carry more clinical severity nor mortality

Waveform Modelling for the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna

LISA, the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna, will usher in a new era in gravitational-wave astronomy. As the first anticipated space-based gravitational-wave detector, it will expand our view to the millihertz gravitational-wave sky, where a spectacular variety of interesting new sources abound: from millions of ultra-compact binaries in our Galaxy, to mergers of massive black holes at cosmological distances; from the beginnings of inspirals that will venture into the ground-based detectors' view to the death spiral of compact objects into massive black holes, and many sources in between. Central to realising LISA's discovery potential are waveform models, the theoretical and phenomenological predictions of the pattern of gravitational waves that these sources emit. This white paper is presented on behalf of the Waveform Working Group for the LISA Consortium. It provides a review of the current state of waveform models for LISA sources, and describes the significant challenges that must yet be overcome.Comment: 239 pages, 11 figures, white paper from the LISA Consortium Waveform Working Group, invited for submission to Living Reviews in Relativity, updated with comments from communit

Clustering COVID-19 ARDS patients through the first days of ICU admission. An analysis of the CIBERESUCICOVID Cohort

Background Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) can be classified into sub-phenotypes according to different inflammatory/clinical status. Prognostic enrichment was achieved by grouping patients into hypoinflammatory or hyperinflammatory sub-phenotypes, even though the time of analysis may change the classification according to treatment response or disease evolution. We aimed to evaluate when patients can be clustered in more than 1 group, and how they may change the clustering of patients using data of baseline or day 3, and the prognosis of patients according to their evolution by changing or not the cluster.Methods Multicenter, observational prospective, and retrospective study of patients admitted due to ARDS related to COVID-19 infection in Spain. Patients were grouped according to a clustering mixed-type data algorithm (k-prototypes) using continuous and categorical readily available variables at baseline and day 3.Results Of 6205 patients, 3743 (60%) were included in the study. According to silhouette analysis, patients were grouped in two clusters. At baseline, 1402 (37%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2341(63%) in cluster 2. On day 3, 1557(42%) patients were included in cluster 1 and 2086 (57%) in cluster 2. The patients included in cluster 2 were older and more frequently hypertensive and had a higher prevalence of shock, organ dysfunction, inflammatory biomarkers, and worst respiratory indexes at both time points. The 90-day mortality was higher in cluster 2 at both clustering processes (43.8% [n = 1025] versus 27.3% [n = 383] at baseline, and 49% [n = 1023] versus 20.6% [n = 321] on day 3). Four hundred and fifty-eight (33%) patients clustered in the first group were clustered in the second group on day 3. In contrast, 638 (27%) patients clustered in the second group were clustered in the first group on day 3.Conclusions During the first days, patients can be clustered into two groups and the process of clustering patients may change as they continue to evolve. This means that despite a vast majority of patients remaining in the same cluster, a minority reaching 33% of patients analyzed may be re-categorized into different clusters based on their progress. Such changes can significantly impact their prognosis

The evolution of the ventilatory ratio is a prognostic factor in mechanically ventilated COVID-19 ARDS patients

Background: Mortality due to COVID-19 is high, especially in patients requiring mechanical ventilation. The purpose of the study is to investigate associations between mortality and variables measured during the first three days of mechanical ventilation in patients with COVID-19 intubated at ICU admission. Methods: Multicenter, observational, cohort study includes consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to 44 Spanish ICUs between February 25 and July 31, 2020, who required intubation at ICU admission and mechanical ventilation for more than three days. We collected demographic and clinical data prior to admission; information about clinical evolution at days 1 and 3 of mechanical ventilation; and outcomes. Results: Of the 2,095 patients with COVID-19 admitted to the ICU, 1,118 (53.3%) were intubated at day 1 and remained under mechanical ventilation at day three. From days 1 to 3, PaO2/FiO2 increased from 115.6 [80.0-171.2] to 180.0 [135.4-227.9] mmHg and the ventilatory ratio from 1.73 [1.33-2.25] to 1.96 [1.61-2.40]. In-hospital mortality was 38.7%. A higher increase between ICU admission and day 3 in the ventilatory ratio (OR 1.04 [CI 1.01-1.07], p = 0.030) and creatinine levels (OR 1.05 [CI 1.01-1.09], p = 0.005) and a lower increase in platelet counts (OR 0.96 [CI 0.93-1.00], p = 0.037) were independently associated with a higher risk of death. No association between mortality and the PaO2/FiO2 variation was observed (OR 0.99 [CI 0.95 to 1.02], p = 0.47). Conclusions: Higher ventilatory ratio and its increase at day 3 is associated with mortality in patients with COVID-19 receiving mechanical ventilation at ICU admission. No association was found in the PaO2/FiO2 variation

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

La presentación de los informativos diarios en televisión en su edición de noche: La 1 de TVE, Antena 3 y Aragón Televisión (2018)

Este estudio sobre la presentación de informativos diarios en televisión en las cadenas: La 1 de TVE, Antena 3 y Aragón Televisión en sus ediciones de noche, tiene como objetivo analizar la manera de presentar estos informativos. Para ello se han tenido en cuenta aspectos como la estructura del informativo, la figura del presentador/a, la comunicación verbal y no verbal, el maquillaje y peluquería, el vestuario, la puesta en escena, la iluminación, la realización y la línea gráfica. Se trata de un análisis de contenido con perspectiva cualitativa basado en la observación no participante que se ha llevado a cabo durante siete días (excluidas las ediciones de fin de semana) correspondiente a la segunda semana de febrero. Se han visualizado un total de veinte informativos porque los datos obtenidos se han considerado suficiente para conseguir una radiografía adecuada

Landscape and the use of forest resources during the Early Neolithic in Catalonia

[cat] A partir dels estudis paleoambientals i arqueobotànics, aquest article presenta l'estat de la qüestió de la recerca paleoambiental en el neolític de Catalunya. A més, ofereix una contextualització climàtica i avalua l'impacte que van tenir en el paisatge les activitats econòmiques de les primeres societats agrícoles i ramaderes. D'una banda, es presenten les dades palinològiques de seqüències sedimentàries en llacs, estanys o torberes que cobreixen aquest període d'estudi; de l'altra, les dades palinològiques i antracològiques de jaciments arqueològics neolítics.[eng] From paleoenvironmental and archaeobotanical studies, this paper provides an overview on palaeoenvironmental research into the Neolithic in Catalonia. It also offers climatological contextualisation and assesses the environmental impact of the economic activities of the firsts farmers and herders. It provides both palynological data on sedimentary sequences in lakes, ponds or bogs and palynological and anthracological data on Neolithic archaeological sites that cover the period studied

Agreement among Mediterranean Diet Pattern Adherence Indexes : MCC-Spain Study

There are many different methods used to measure the degree of adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MD), limiting comparison and interpretation of their results. The concordance between different methodologies has been questioned and their evaluation recommended. The aim of this study was to evaluate the agreement among five indexes that measure adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern. The study population included healthy adults selected in the Multi-Case Control Spain (MCC-Spain) study recruited in 12 provinces. A total of 3640 controls were matched to cases by age and sex. To reach the aim, the following scores of adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern were calculated: Mediterranean diet score (MDS), alternative Mediterranean diet (aMED), relative Mediterranean diet (rMED), dietary score (DS) and literature-based adherence score (LBAS). The relative frequency of subjects with a high level of adherence to a MD varied from 22% (aMED index) to 37.2% (DS index). Similarly, a high variability was observed for the prevalence of a low level of MD: from 24% (rMED) to 38.4% (aMED). The correlation among MDS, aMED and rMED indexes was moderate, except for MDS and aMED with a high coefficient of correlation 0.75 (95% CI 0.74-0.77). The Cohen's Kappa coefficient among indexes showed a moderate-fair concordance, except for MDS and aMED with a 0.56 (95% CI 0.55-0.59) and 0.67 (95% CI 0.66-0.68) using linear and quadratic weighting, respectively. The existing MD adherence indexes measured the same, although they were based on different constructing algorithms and varied in the food groups included, leading to a different classification of subjects. Therefore, concordance between these indexes was moderate or low