Er det stygt å seie neger? Om konnotasjonar, bruksmarkering og nemne for folkegrupper

In this article, the author discusses the lexicographical challenges inherent in dealingwith what is generally termed sensitive vocabulary, such as words for minoritygroups amongst language users. The starting point is recent evidence of changingattitudes in Norway to some such words, in particular the word neger (negro). Thelexicographical treatment of this word and its near-synonyms is compared todevelopments in the treatment of words for older ethnic minorities in the region(same, finn, lapp; sigøynar, tater, rom(ani); jøde). The author argues that a goodmonolingual dictionary gives as accurate a reflection as possible of the vocabulary ofthe language it purports to describe, in a way which is immediately recognisable andacceptable to the users of that language. This lexicographic mirror image mustcomprise both denotative and connotative usage. Changes in attitude to vocabularyamongst dictionary users therefore require competent handling by dictionary editors.Some methods are suggested and commented on for dealing with the type ofvocabulary discussed here

Verknader av digitalisering på materialvurdering, redaksjonell metode og opplæring

Effects of digitisation on the use of source materials, editorial method and editorial training.Digitisation of Norway’s largest academic dictionary project, Norsk Ordbok 2014, through aninterlinked set of relational databases has led to new ways of using source materials in lemmaselection, manuscript management and quality control. Editorial method is radically changed byincreased transparency, both in looking at source materials and in handling dictionary and entryformats. These changes are prerequisites for training linguists to become productive editorswithin a minimal time span, with six months for basic training and full editorial responsibilityafter one year. The aim of the exercise is to complete seven volumes of Norsk Ordbok in nineyears, with no loss of, and preferably an increase in, quality

Redigeringsprogrammet for Norsk Ordbok 2014. I skjeringspunktet mellom menneskeleg skjonn og automatisering

Norsk Ordbok is to be completed and published by the end of 2014. To meet this demand, the eightremaining volumes are written into an editor programmc and stored in a database. All information categoriesin the dictionary therefore need to be reworked, rcdcfincd and tightcned up in content, and organisedmore tightly in relation to othcr catcgories, than what is rcquired in a traditional mam",1.ript. Thisarticle prescnts a survey of the proccss of recreating the dictionary structurc, a process in which oncmust weigh the logical against the practicablc, and deeide which conventions and proccdures can beautomated through the editor programme, and which decisions should be lefl to the human editor. Themain premisc is that the character of Norsk Ordbok must not be altcred. This major dictionary shall,when completed, gi ve a united view of Norwegian dialccts and Nynorsk standard language

Framandorda og norsk språkutvikling i nyare tid

[Der findes ikke resumé til denne artikel

Fast redigeringsskjema for verb? Semantikk versus grammatikalisering

The purpose of this article is to clear the ground for a general and common editorialschema for lexicographic treatment of all verbs in the Norwegian language. Therefore,claims that verbs should be classified into groups with special qualities and functionsare examined. In grammatical tradition, verbs are content words, excepting several smallsubsets of verbs used in constructing multi-word verb forms, which according to thegrammars require different treatment. In Norwegian lexicograhy another classificationhas emerged, counterpoising ”big verbs” with multiple functions and a multitude ofderived phrasal verbs against the rest. These classifications are examined against thedefining practice shown in entries on individual verbs, and a general maximum model forordering and defining verbs, including derived phrasal verbs, is presented

Leksikaliserte ordsamband i norsk

What is the inventory of Norwegian phraseology, and how can one best capture and describe it? This task has been a challenge for the editors of Norsk Ordbok from 1946 onwards, both in terms of analysis and in terms of structural management. In 2003, when Norsk Ordbok 2014 launched a new digital platform for integrated management of all materials and the whole editorial process, a separate unit was created for editing fixed, grammaticalised or lexicalised phrases, and a set of general guidelines for selection and treatment were drafted. The task of sifting texts and records and editing the result is the task of the Norsk Ordbok editorial staff. In this article, at the end of the eighth out of twelve volumes, the current inventory is analysed and discussed in the light of current approaches to handling phraseology in dictionaries

Det nordiske språksamarbeidet – eit mønster til etterlikning?

[Der findes ikke resumé til denne artikel

Naturvitskapleg ordtilfang – på veg frå særspråk til allmennspråk

This paper describes an attempt to elicit new science terms in general language which are suitable for inclusion in a general dictionary of Norwegian, by comparing lemma lists from two small corpora of teaching materials for 16–17-year olds. One corpus dates from the 1940s, the other from 1990–2000. A selection of likely science terms was extracted independently from each lemma list. Lemma lists are checked against general dictionaries, grouped by occurrence and discussed according to type

Vitskaplegheit og samfunnsrelevans fore store ordboksverk

Norsk Ordbok, a 12 volume scholarly dictionary of the Nynorsk written language and all Norwegian dialects, was completed in 2015 and launched in March 2016. The publishing history of Norsk Ordbok lasted for 66 years, with 4 volumes published in the first 52 years and 8 in the following 13, after the dictionary was redefined as a project and moved to a digital platform. With this publishing history as its basis, this article explores the development of scholarly lexicography in terms of scientific theory and technology underlying macrostructure, microstructure and the genre itself. Finally relevance, legitimacy and societal and scientific worth of scholarly lexicography are briefly summed up

Studying language change through indexed and interlinked dictionaries

In this paper we present our study how to use the Meta Dictionary of the Norwegian Language Collections to measure lexical stability in standard dictionaries across a timespan. The Meta Dictionary uses the lexical item as its core unit, expressing each lexical unit in a separate Meta Dictionary entry. The success of this model rests on having access to electronic versions of major and generally accepted dictionaries from the different stages of the orthography of a language. With this documentation it is possible to see, for instance, how much and which parts of the 1873 lexicon (Norwegian vernacular) is present in modern Nynorsk and Bokmål respectively, and whether this lexicon is present in its original orthography or not. This method for studies of the lexical development is comparable to remote sensing in archaeology and distant reading in literary studies. As an extended example of the application of the method we study a few issues related to the position of the pioneering lexicographers Ivar Aasen (1813-1896) and Hans Ross (1831-1912) in the description of Nynorsk, as shown in more recent lexicographical works, and in particular in two school dictionaries from 1954 and 1970 which border on being spellers.publishedVersio