Recording 2-D Nutation NQR Spectra by Random Sampling Method

The method of random sampling was introduced for the first time in the nutation nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectroscopy where the nutation spectra show characteristic singularities in the form of shoulders. The analytic formulae for complex two-dimensional (2-D) nutation NQR spectra (I = 3/2) were obtained and the condition for resolving the spectral singularities for small values of an asymmetry parameter η was determined. Our results show that the method of random sampling of a nutation interferogram allows significant reduction of time required to perform a 2-D nutation experiment and does not worsen the spectral resolution

New methods for determining the asymmetry parameter of electric field gradient tensor in NQR spectroscopy and their application to study disordered systems

Wydział FizykiOpracowano nowe metody badawcze pozwalające uzyskać więcej informacji ze spektroskopii jądrowego rezonansu kwadrupolowego (NQR) w badaniach asymetrii tensora gradientu pola elektrycznego EFG w strukturach nieuporządkowanych. Opracowana teoria odpowiedzi układu spinowego na wzbudzenie impulsowe w przypadku bardzo szerokich linii NQR po raz pierwszy posłużyła do zanalizowania osobliwości sygnałów echa spinowego przy częściowym wzbudzeniu linii. Opracowano metodę rejestracji dwuwymiarowych interferogramów nutacyjnych NQR w oparciu o próbkowanie nieregularne i adaptacyjne plików, która pozwala znacznie zmniejszyć czas trwania eksperymentu bez utraty rozdzielczości widm. Po raz pierwszy zbadano wzbudzenie układu spinowego polem wielkiej częstotliwości (w.cz.) z polaryzacją eliptyczną dla zwiększenia rozdzielczości osobliwości częstotliwości widm nutacyjnych i selektywnego wzbudzenia podukładów spinowych. Rozwinięto teorię niecyklicznej fazy geometrycznej w NQR oraz zaproponowano alternatywny eksperyment nutacyjny w celu wyznaczenia parametru asymetrii η poprzez znajdowanie położenia osobliwości częstotliwości nutacyjnego widma fazowego dla jąder ze spinem I=3/2 w związkach w postaci proszku.Te nowe metody zostały testowane eksperymentalnie i zastosowane do badania asymetrii tensora EFG dla niektórych struktur nieuporządkowanych (chalkogenidkowych półprzewodników szklistych (CSP)). Zbadano struktury nieuporządkowanych chalkogenidkowych półprzewodników szklistych nowych związków o składzie Ge-As-Se i As-Sb-Se metodą NQR.A new approach has been developed to get more information from nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) spectroscopy applied to study asymmetry of electric field gradient (EFG) tensor in disordered systems. The new theory of the spin system response to impulse excitation for very broad NQR lines has been for the first time applied for analysis of singularities of spin echo signals upon partial NQR line excitation. A new method for the recording of two-dimensional NQR nutational interferograms based on irregular and adaptation sampling of files and allowing a substantial shortening of experiment duration without compromising the spectral resolution. For the first time the excitation of a spin system by high-frequency field with elliptic polarisation for increasing resolution of the nutation spectra frequency singularities and selective excitation of spin subsystems was studied. The theory of non-cyclic geometric phase in NQR has been developed and an alternative nutation experiment has been proposed to determine the asymmetry parameter η based on the search for the position of frequency singularity of the nutation phase spectrum for the nuclei with the spin I=3/2 in powder samples. The new approach to investigation of EFG tensor asymmetry has been experimentally verified for some disordered structures (semiconducting chalcogenide glass). Structures of disordered chalcogenide glass semiconductors (CGP) of new compounds composed of Ge-As-Se, As-Sb-Se have been studied by the NQR method

New types of flour confectionery products for preventive nutrition using Laminaria saccharina

Over the years, more and more attention has been paid in the food industry to the development and production of functional products, which include biological value-enhancing components, one of which is laminaria powder. Flour confectionery is a widely used mass consumption product that has been in growing demand in recent years, but has a low nutritional value, and is an excellent basis for creating functional products. Research objects: Laminaria saccharina powder, flour confectionery with the addition of Laminaria saccharina powder. A technology for the production of flour confectionery products was developed - the «Black Pearl» cupcake (with the addition of Laminaria saccharina powder). The indicators of quality and safety of the developed flour confectionery products were investigated; normative and technical documentation for new flour confectionery products was developed. An analysis of the economic efficiency of introducing a new product into production was carried out

Analysis of consequences of the relationship between man, nature and technology in the context of technogenesis intellectualization

The paper presents the results of the analysis of demographic and medico-social data characterizing the dynamics of morbidity and mortality from environmental diseases, in particular, diseases of the cardiovascular system. The trend of negative natural population growth was revealed, amounting to -6.9 per 1,000 persons by 2019. The number of patients with cardiovascular diseases was 13 817,4 persons, with the overwhelming majority of the working-age population (9020,2 persons). Ischemic heart disease had the largest share in the structure of the studied diseases (62,25 %). There was also a decrease in life expectancy over the past 30 years and an increase in mortality of young and middle-aged people

Development of new recipes for minced meat semi-finished products using Allium ursinum

This work considers the advantages of using Allium ursinum in the formulation of minced meat semi-finished products as the main source of high amounts of ascorbic acid, dietary fiber, as well as additional biologically active substances, such as vitamins, macro- and microelements. The analysis of the main directions in the field of improving the assortment and quality of meat semi-finished products is carried out. The influence of the addition of vegetable raw materials on the nutritional value of meat semi-finished products has been studied, and the choice of vegetable ingredients in the production of functional meat semi-finished products has been justified. The possibility of using Allium ursinum in the production of functional meat semi-finished products is substantiated. The physicochemical and biologically active parameters of Allium ursinum were studied, and the effect of the addition of Allium ursinum on the shelf life of meat semi-finished products was determined. Studies have been conducted in terms of determining the physico-chemical and organoleptic parameters of semi-finished minced meat products, including those with the addition of Allium ursinum, as well as the nutritional value of the semi-finished products obtained

Modern comprehensive ideas about characteristics of the physiological state of stallions and improving the technology of their preparation for mating

The paper presents the results of studies of the physiological state of stallions and their reproductive function in respect of the season, and according to blood samples the mechanisms of their physiological processes are adjusted using the ultrafine metal-polymer composition “iron-copper-zinc”. According to such biochemical blood parameters of stallions as total protein and its fractions: lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and α-amylase, significant differences in the seasonal aspect were revealed. A number of features of blood morphology in connection with the season were noted. These were an increase in the concentration of erythrocytes, leucocytes, hemoglobin, eosinophils and lymphocytes in spring. An increase in the concentration of testosterone, the main populations of lymphocytes and subpopulations of T cells in the blood of stallions in the spring-summer period was established. The positive effect of the composition of nanosized metals on metabolic and enzymatic processes was revealed

The impact of tourism at the end of the 20th and the beginning of the 21 century on sustainable development of the South of Russia

Tourism plays a key role in the economy of the Republic of Crimea, determines the dynamics of development of the region as a whole and affects the prosperity of other industries, such as the food industry and agriculture. Natural conditions, warm climate and picturesque coastline of two seas with kilometres of beaches, as well as unique historical monuments, landscape complexes and cultural objects create ideal conditions for providing a comfortable holiday in Crimea. Nevertheless, there are several challenges faced by those wishing to vacation in the resorts of the peninsula, which require a solution, first of all, the issues of transport logistics. In order to understand the main problems faced by the tourism business in the region at present and to assess the prospects open to the Crimean economy in this area, the development of the industry in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods was analysed. Based on historical and statistical data, the reasons for the attractiveness of the peninsula as an object of tourism development in Russia are shown and the prospects opening up in this area are determined

PREPARATION AND PROPERTIES OF CHITOSAN FROM CRAB SHELL CONTAINING RAW MATERIAL BY ELECTROPHYSICAL PROCESSING

Traditional technologies of chitosan producing involve the use of hard alkali-acidtreatment of crab shell raw materials, which negatively affects the main qualityparameters of chitosan (molecular weight, the degree of deacetylation). Wepropose an alternative technical approach. It involves the useofelectrohydraulicshocks,whichuseextra-long bits.Theproposed approach has thefollowing advantages:the stages of grinding and deproteinizationof the rawmaterialsare combined,the additional use ofalkaliis excluded at the stage ofdeproteinization.For comparative characteristics of the structure of the polymer theIR-spectra of the samplesof chitosanwere removed. Chitosan, obtained usingelectrohydraulic treatment is not inferior in its physico-chemical parameters ofchitosan, obtained by using alkaline reagents. It is possible to organize the processof chitosan production on the base of the enterprises for shrimp processing.Specific requirements for physico-chemical and functional properties of chitosancontainingsubstances make the actual means and methods of control of the targetparameters, the key of which are qualitative identification and comprehensivedetermination of chitosan in the composition of film-forming compositions andfilms coatings. As the chromophore to measure the surface potential of the chitosansubstances, we used 1-aniline-8-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS). The maximumfluorescence of the dye in chitosan films is shifted to longer wavelengths comparedto chitosan gels, because of the increased polarity of the medium of films on theattitude to gel-like chitosan substances. The data obtained by thefluorimetricstudies can be used in the development of methods for the detection of chitosan

Virulent Properties of Russian Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus Strains in Experimentally Infected Calves

The results of experimental study of three noncytopathic and two cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) strains isolated from cattle in the Siberian region and belonging to the type 1 (subtypes 1a, 1b, and 1d) have been presented. All investigated strains caused the development of infectious process in the seronegative 4–6-month-old calves after aerosol challenge with the dose of 6 log10 TCID50. The greatest virulence had noncytopathic strain and cytopathic strain related to the subtypes 1d and 1b, respectively. All strains in infected calves caused some signs of moderate acute respiratory disease and diarrhea: depression 3–5 days postinfection (p.i.), refusal to food, severe hyperthermia to 41.9°С, serous exudate discharges from the nasal cavity and eyes, transient diarrhea with blood, leukopenia (up to 2700 cells/mm3), and macroscopic changes in the respiratory organs and intestine. The infected animals recovered from 12 to 15 days p.i. and in 90% cases formed humoral immune response 25 days p.i. (antibody titers to BVDV: 1 : 4–1 : 16). Our results confirmed the presence of virulent BVDV1 strains and showed the need for researches on the molecular epidemiology of the disease, development of more effective diagnostic systems, and optimization of control programs with use of vaccines