Plataforma para la gestión de datos hidrogeológicos en entornos urbanos

Hace unos años se decidió descontaminar el embalse de Flix, afectado por vertidos de residuos por un empresa química durante todo el siglo pasado. Los residuos formaron 4 lóbulos de sedimentos en el río, con elevadas concentraciones de Mercurio, compuestos orgánicos volátiles (COV´s), residuos de producción de acetileno (Ca(OH)2) y pesticidas organoclorados. Se ha realizado un modelo 0D de transporte reactivo de la concentración en el agua conforme se excavan los sedimentos transitorio y explícito en excel, calibrado hasta Septiembre 2014 con datos semanales de la empresa extractora FCC. El modelo concluía dos graves problemas al terminar la excavación: Elevada concentración de Hg y pH (12.4), equilibrado con portlandita Desde Marzo de 2015 se observó un acusado descenso de pH y Hg. Nuestro objetivo ha sido encontrar la causa de estos descensos, para ello se han realizado simulaciones, muestreos y experimentos de laboratorio.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

CONSTRUCCIÓN DEL PLANO DE ENTORNOS DE TRABAJO CERRADOS UTILIZANDO EL ROBOT KOALA

Resumen En el presente trabajo de investigación se analizó, diseñó e implementó un control vía software adaptado específicamente para un robot móvil de ruedas (RMR): el robot Koala de la empresa K-Team, el cual sirvió como plataforma experimental para manipular –inicialmente- e incrementar posteriormente de forma paulatina y definitiva la autonomía del robot.El software de control inicia con el análisis y documentación de la estructura física y lógica del Koala, su comportamiento, capacidades y limitantes. Se analizó la cinemática del RMR, propiedades de componentes y dispositivos de comunicación como sensores y puertos. En la etapa de diseño, se trabajó con la información alimentada del exterior por el robot, estructurando la misma en: las decisiones, reconocimiento del entorno (obstáculos, espacios), estrategias de referencia, ubicación y desplazamiento, tiempos y movimientos entre otros, que dieron forma en gran medida al control y autonomía del robot. Se implementó en lenguaje C/C++ Borland.Palabras clave: Robots móviles, trayectorias, cinemático, sensores. CONSTRUCTION OF THE PLAN OF CLOSED WORK ENVIRONMENTS USING THE KOALA ROBOT Abstract In the folllowing research it was analyzed, designed and implemented a control by software specifically adapted to a movil robot of wheels (RMR): the Koala robot of the K-Team enterprice, which was utilized as experimental platform to manipulate -to beginning- and eventually increase of a paulatine form the robot autonomy.The control software starts with the analize and documentation of physical structure and logical of the Koala, it behaviour, capacities and limitations. It was analized the RMR kinematics, properties of components and comunication devices such as ports and sensors. In the design stage, it was worked with the obtained information of outdoors by the robot, structuring the same in: the decisions, recognition of the environment (obstacles, outdoors), referency strategies, location and displacement, times and movements between others,that made it possible mainly to the control and robot autonomy. It was implemented through C/C## Borland language.Keywords: Mobile robots, Paths, Kinematics, Sensors

Neofobia Gustativa, Inhibición Latente de la Aversión Gustativa y Memoria de Reconocimiento de Objetos en Ratas Adolescentes

This research was supported by project PID2020-v114269GB-I00 of the research project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, Junta de Andalucía (B.SEJ.514.UGR20. Spain) and a predoctoral fellowship to A. Navarro-Expósito of the Ministerio de Educación y Deportes (BES-2015-072307).Background: Adolescence in mammals is a period marked by increased novelty-seeking and enhanced responsiveness to the stressful properties of novel stimuli. Despite the need to taste potentially toxic novel foods during the adolescent growth spurt, there has been little study of taste neophobia and its attenuation. Method: Four experiments were carried out to compare taste neophobia and related memory processes in male and female adolescent (PND28) and adult (PND70) Wistar rats. Experiments 1 and 2 evaluated attenuation of taste neophobia to cider vinegar (3%) and sodium saccharin (0.1%) solutions were evaluated. Additionally, to test the role of memory in neophobia during adolescence, latent inhibition of taste aversion and object recognition memory were assessed in Experiment 3 and Experiment 4, respectively. Results: Adolescent and adult rats exhibited taste neophobia to the saccharin solution but adolescent rats required more exposure trials than adults to recognize the vinegar solution as safe. Both groups exhibited similar latent inhibition of taste aversion and object recognition memory. No sex effect was significant. Conclusions: Contrary to the accepted view associating adolescence with reduced neophobia, adolescent rats exhibited taste neophobia which even increased when sour tastes were encountered.Antecedentes: La adolescencia está marcada por búsqueda de la novedad y acentuada sensibilidad a las propiedades estresantes de los estímulos novedosos. A pesar de la necesidad de probar nuevos alimentos potencialmente tóxicos durante el periodo de crecimiento adolescente, la neofobia gustativa y su atenuación durante este periodo apenas ha sido estudiada. Método: Se evaluaron la neofobia gustativa y los procesos de memoria relacionados en ratas Wistar macho y hembra adolescentes (PND28) y adultas (PND70). En los Experimentos 1 y 2 Se exploró la atenuación de la neofobia gustativa a soluciones de vinagre de sidra (3%) y sacarina sódica (0,1%), respectivamente. En los experimentos 3 y 4, se evaluó también la inhibición latente de aversiones gustativas y la memoria de reconocimiento de objetos. Resultados: Adolescentes y adultos mostraron neofobia gustativa a la sacarina, pero las ratas adolescentes requirieron más exposiciones a la solución de vinagre para reconocerla como segura. No hubo diferencias entre los grupos en los Experimentos 3 and 4. No se hallaron efectos significativos del sexo. Conclusiones: A pesar de la ampliamente aceptada asociación entre adolescencia y reducida neofobia, las ratas adolescentes muestran neofobia al sabor que resulta incluso incrementada cuando se trata de sabores ácidos.MCIN/AEI/10.13039/50110001103: PID2020-v114269GB-I00Junta de Andalucía (B.SEJ.514.UGR20. Spain)Ministerio de Educación y Deportes (BES-2015-072307

GPRS PARA MEJORAR LA GEOLOCALIZACIÓN DE LAS UNIDADES DE TRANSPORTE (GPRS TO IMPROVE THE GEOLOCATION OF TRANSPORT UNITS)

Resumen El presente trabajo de investigación desarrolla una plataforma digital de geolocalización para unidades de transporte público que favorezca precisar la ubicación, velocidad, hora y fecha dentro de la ruta por medio de la tecnología .NET y GPRS; con ello, mejorar el control de ellas durante su recorrido y ofrecer un servicio seguro a los pasajeros. Palabras Clave: geolocalización, GPS, GPRS, plataforma digital. Abstract This research work develops a digital geolocation platform for public transport units that favors specifying the location, speed, time and date within the route using .NET and GPRS technology; With this, improve control of them during their journey and offer a safe service to passengers. Keywords: geolocation, GPS, GPRS, digital platform

Análisis espectral del régimen de explotación de Sistemas Geotérmicos Someros en el Acuífero Aluvial Urbano de Zaragoza

Actualmente la gestión de los sistemas geotérmicos someros se encuentra en fase de desarrollo. Se trata de una tecnología que, aunque ha sido utilizada desde hace mucho tiempo, la implementación masiva producida ha suscitado en los últimos años una mayor incertidumbre y preocupación. La recopilación y registro de los datos de explotación de los sistemas geotérmicos someros resultan necesarios para evaluar el buen funcionamiento y eficiencia de estos sistemas. En este trabajo se muestra un novedoso estudio realizado en 15 instalaciones de geotermia somera de la ciudad de Zaragoza mediante el cual se han podido conocer los regímenes de explotación y por tanto establecer pautas en el comportamiento de estos sistemas, que permitan desarrollar una mejor una gestión de los mismos. El ajuste llevado a cabo mediante análisis espectral y regresión sinusoidal ha demostrado la presencia en los regímenes de explotación de los sistemas, de ciclos de periodicidad basados tanto en eventos a pequeña escala, como puede ser una jornada laboral, como a gran escala con la estacionalidad, obteniendo ciclos de cadencia horaria y de cadencia mensual respectivamente

Gb-SAR interferometry displacement measurements during dewatering in construction works : case of La Sagrera railway station in Barcelona, Spain

The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2016.02.014Construction processes require monitoring to ensure safety and to control the new and existing structures. Traditional monitoring is based on land surveys and geotechnical instruments and only allows for point-like measurements. Ground-based synthetic aperture radar (GB-SAR) is a remote sensing radar installed in the ground that offers the possibility of acquiring measurements in 2D covering areas of up to a few square kilometers in a single acquisition. Because the GB-SAR technology measures phase shifts along the Line-of-Sight, it only allows for measurements in the longitudinal direction. Moreover, this technology requires coherence between subsequent acquisitions. These restrictions can be a limitation to the usage of GB-SAR for monitoring a construction process because in this context, the movements of soil and existing structures occur in any direction and at a very fast pace. This paper aims to test the GB-SAR suitability to measure movements during construction. To do so, an experiment was performed in the future railway station of La Sagrera, Barcelona (Spain), in which GB-SAR was used to accurately quantify wall displacements induced by dewatering and proved to be helpful to understand structural deformations and to identify vulnerable areas. The results were compared to traditional monitoring data and numerical models to confirm the reliability of the GB-SAR measurements.Postprint (published version

DISEÑO E IMPLEMENTACIÓN DE UN ROUTER CNC (DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF A CNC ROUTER)

En el presente trabajo se describe la implementación del mecanismo denominado Router CNC, mediante el cual se pueden realizar diseño y ejecución de piezas, de distinto ámbito, en materiales tales como: aluminio, madera, acrílico, entre otros. El maquinado de elementos en 3D forma parte de las funciones del mismo. Gracias a los sistemas que integran al Router CNC: sistema de movimientos de direcciones responsable de los desplazamientos de la cabeza de corte, el sistema electrónico es el cableado y conjunto de tarjetas electrónicas encargadas del control y comunicaciones entre los sistemas. Se utilizó el software Universal Gcode Sender como interface entre el usuario y Router, el cual permitió la operación manual. Todo este embalaje hacen del Router CNC un mecanismo útil y versátil de acuerdo con el enfoque que se asigne: empresa, comercio, educación. Dirigido a los estudiantes del instituto Tecnológico de Tláhuac como una herramienta para el diseño y ejecución de sus proyectos en electrónica, control, programación, diseño entre otras, que les dé la oportunidad de materializarlos y fortalecer los conocimientos de manera práctica y despertar su interés para crear más proyectos útiles en su aprendizaje.Palabras clave: CNC, motor paso a paso, automatización. AbstractThis paper describes the implementation of the mechanism called CNC Router, through which you can perform design and execution of parts, of different scope, in materials such as: aluminum, wood, acrylic, among others. The machining of 3D elements is part of the functions of it. Thanks to the systems that integrate the CNC Router: system of movement of directions responsible for the displacements of the cutting head, the electronic system is the wiring and set of electronic boards responsible for control and communications between systems. The Universal Gcode Sender software was used as an interface between the user and the Router, which allowed manual operation. All this packaging make the CNC Router a useful and versatile mechanism according to the approach that is assigned: business, commerce, education. Directed to the students of the Technological Institute of Tláhuac as a tool for the design and execution of their projects in electronics, control, programming, design, among others, which gives them the opportunity to materialize them and strengthen knowledge in a practical way and arouse their interest to create more useful projects in their learning.Keywords: CNC, stepper motor, automation

Model of monthly electricity consumption of healthcare buildings based on climatological variables using PCA and linear regression

[EN] At this time, due to the global pandemic that has occurred, public administrations want to optimize resources and reduce greenhouse gases with more interest than before. It is the case of the Energy Regional Entity of the Junta de Castilla y León (Spain) that pursues the optimization of the energy consumption in particular of healthcare sector buildings. For this purpose, this work focuses on estimating electricity consumption for each month, for which different scenarios will be generated and the corresponding model is obtained for each scenario. This model has been developed considering the historical monthly data of consumption and climatic variables for the last 3 years. Electricity consumption in public sanitary buildings is related to their climatology, due to the use of air conditioning to adjust the indoor temperature. Subsequently, from the models obtained, the results will be analyzed. Significant differences have been observed in the estimation of electricity consumption with respect to the real data provided by the Junta de Castilla y León. The results obtained show how the availability of climatic variables increases the accuracy of the model obtained by about 30%.S

Evaluation of the gut microbiota after metformin intervention in children with obesity: A metagenomic study of a randomized controlled trial

Background: Metformin, a first-line oral antidiabetic agent that has shown promising results in terms of treating childhood and adolescent obesity, might influence the composition of the gut microbiota. We aimed to evaluate whether the gut microbiota of non-diabetic children with obesity changes after a metformin intervention. Methods: The study was a multicenter and double-blind randomized controlled trial in 160 children with obesity. Children were randomly assigned to receive either metformin (1 g/day) or placebo for 6 months in combination with healthy lifestyle recommendations in both groups. Then, we conducted a metagenomic analysis in a subsample obtained from 33 children (15 metformin, 18 placebo). A linear mixed-effects model (LMM) was used to determine the abundance changes from baseline to six months according to treatment. To analyze the data by clusters, a principal component analysis was performed to understand whether lifestyle habits have a different influence on the microbiota depending on the treatment group. Results: Actinobacteria abundance was higher after placebo treatment compared with metformin. However, the interaction time x treatment just showed a trend to be significant (4.6% to 8.1% after placebo vs. 3.8 % to 2.6 % after metformin treatment, p = 0.055). At genus level, only the abundance of Bacillus was significantly higher after the placebo intervention compared with metformin (2.5% to 5.7% after placebo vs. 1.5 % to 0.8 % after metformin treatment, p = 0.044). Furthermore, different ensembles formed by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Verrucomicrobia were found according to the interventions under a similar food consumptionSpanish Ministry of Health, Social and Equality, General Department for Pharmacy and Health ProductsInstituto de Salud Carlos III-Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (FONDOS FEDER), Redes temáticas de investigación cooperativa RETIC Red SAMID RD12/0026/001