1,372 research outputs found
Performance Study of Diesel Engine by using Mahua Methyl Ester (biodiesel) and its Blends with Diesel Fuel
The results of the performance of a compression ignition engine (direct injected, 4-stroke 2-cylinder engine) by using mahua methyl ester from non-edible vegetable oil (Madhuca indica) and its blends with diesel fuel have been presented in this paper. Short-term engine performance tests were conducted using four different blends of mahua methyl ester oil with diesel fuel from 20% to 100% by volume at three fuel temperatures (30, 50 and 700-C) and at two injection pressures (17640 kPa and 24010 kPa). The engine performance parameters studied were power output, brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC), brake thermal efficiency (BThE) and exhaust gas temperature (ExGT) by using diesel fuel alone and the above mentioned blend fuels. The performance of engine with blend fuel (20% mahua methyl ester and 80% diesel) was found to be better than the other blend fuels. But the values of power output, BSFC, BThE and ExGT in case of blend fuel B20 (20% mahua methyl ester and 80% diesel) were observed to be respectively 3% more, 9% more, 12%more and 0.5% less than the diesel fuel at 700-C temperature and 24010 kPa pressure. The mahua methyl ester (blends of B20) can be used as an alternative diesel fuel replacement with little sacrifice in brake specific fuel consumption
Evaluation of Novel Imidazotetrazine Analogues Designed to Overcome Temozolomide Resistance and Glioblastoma Regrowth
The cellular responses to two new temozolomide (TMZ) analogues, DP68 and DP86, acting against glioblastoma multi- forme (GBM) cell lines and primary culture models are reported. Doseâresponse analysis of cultured GBM cells revealed that DP68 is more potent than DP86 and TMZ and that DP68 was effective even in cell lines resistant to TMZ. On the basis of a serial neurosphere assay, DP68 inhibits repop- ulation of these cultures at low concentrations. The efficacy of these compounds was independent of MGMT and MMR func- tions. DP68-induced interstrand DNA cross-links were dem- onstrated with H2O2-treated cells. Furthermore, DP68 induced a distinct cellâcycle arrest with accumulation of cells in S phase that is not observed for TMZ. Consistent with this biologic response, DP68 induces a strong DNA damage response, including phosphorylation of ATM, Chk1 and Chk2 kinases, KAP1, and histone variant H2AX. Suppression of FANCD2 expression or ATR expression/kinase activity enhanced anti- glioblastoma effects of DP68. Initial pharmacokinetic analysis revealed rapid elimination of these drugs from serum. Collec- tively, these data demonstrate that DP68 is a novel and potent antiglioblastoma compound that circumvents TMZ resistance, likely as a result of its independence from MGMT and mismatch repair and its capacity to cross-link strands of DN
Sovereign debt restructuring : the judge, the vultures and creditor rights
What role did the US courts play in the Argentine debt swap of 2005? What implications does this have for the future of creditor rights in sovereign bond markets?
The judge in the Argentine case has, it appears, deftly exploited creditor heterogeneity â between holdouts seeking capital gains and institutional investors wanting a settlement â to promote a swap with a supermajority of creditors. Our analysis of Argentine debt litigation reveals a âjudge-mediatedâ sovereign debt restructuring, which resolves the key issues of Transition and Aggregation - two of the tasks envisaged for the IMFâs still-born Sovereign Debt Restructuring Mechanism.
For the future, we discuss how judge-mediated sovereign debt restructuring (together with creditor committees) could complement the alternative promoted by the US Treasury, namely collective action clauses in sovereign bond contracts
Lepton Flavor Violating Z Decays in the Zee Model
We calculate lepton flavor violating (LFV) Z decays Z \to {{e_i^\pm}}e_j^\mp
(i, j = e, \mu, \tau ; i\neq j) in the Zee model keeping in view the radiative
leptonic decays e_i\to e_j\gamma (i = \mu, \tau ; j = e, \mu ; i\neq j), \mu
decay and anomalous muon magnetic moment (\mu AMM). We investigate three
different cases of Zee f_{ij} coupling (A) f_{e\mu}^2 = f_{\mu\tau}^2= f_{\tau
e}^2, (B) f_{e\mu}^2 \gg f_{\tau e}^2 \gg f_{\mu\tau}^2, and (C) f_{\mu\tau}^2
\gg f_{e\mu}^2 \gg f_{\tau e}^2 subject to the neutrino phenomenology.
Interestingly, we find that, although the case (C) satisfies the large excess
value of \mu AMM, however, it is unable to explain the solar neutrino
experimental result, whereas the case (B) satisfies the bi-maximal neutrino
mixing scenario, but confronts with the result of \mu AMM experiment. We also
find that among all the three cases, only the case (C) gives rise to largest
contribution to the ratio B(Z\to e^\pm\tau^\mp)/B(Z\to \mu^\pm \mu^\mp) \simeq
{10}^{-8} which is still two order less than the accessible value to be probed
by the future linear colliders, whereas for the other two cases, this ratio is
too low to be observed even in the near future for all possible LFV Z decay
modes.Comment: 12 pages, RevTex, 2 figures, 3 Tables, typos corrected, reference
added, version to appear in Phys. Rev.
A Mild and Efficient Method for the Syntheses and Regioselective Ring-Opening of Aziridines
We have developed a new synthetic method for the synthesis of aziridines using Chloramine-T as an effective reagent in the presence of NH2OH center dot HCl and NaIO4. We found that the same combination of NH2OH center dot HCl and NaIO4 is also very effective for nucleophilic ring opening of aziridines.This research was funded by the Russian Science Foundation, grant number 18-19-00090
Griffiths effects and quantum critical points in dirty superconductors without spin-rotation invariance: One-dimensional examples
We introduce a strong-disorder renormalization group (RG) approach suitable
for investigating the quasiparticle excitations of disordered superconductors
in which the quasiparticle spin is not conserved. We analyze one-dimensional
models with this RG and with elementary transfer matrix methods. We find that
such models with broken spin rotation invariance {\it generically} lie in one
of two topologically distinct localized phases. Close enough to the critical
point separating the two phases, the system has a power-law divergent
low-energy density of states (with a non-universal continuously varying
power-law) in either phase, due to quantum Griffiths singularities. This
critical point belongs to the same infinite-disorder universality class as the
one dimensional particle-hole symmetric Anderson localization problem, while
the Griffiths phases in the vicinity of the transition are controlled by lines
of strong (but not infinite) disorder fixed points terminating in the critical
point.Comment: 14 pages (two-column PRB format), 9 eps figure
Optical and Thermal-Transport Properties of an Inhomogeneous d-Wave Superconductor
We calculate transport properties of disordered 2D d-wave superconductors
from solutions of the Bogoliubov-de Gennes equations, and show that weak
localization effects give rise to a finite frequency peak in the optical
conductivity similar to that observed in experiments on disordered cuprates. At
low energies, order parameter inhomogeneities induce linear and quadratic
temperature dependencies in microwave and thermal conductivities respectively,
and appear to drive the system towards a quasiparticle insulating phase.Comment: 5 pages,3 figure
Can the Zee Model Explain the Observed Neutrino Data?
The eigenvalues and mixing angles in the Zee model are investigated
parameter-independently. When we require |\Delta m^2_{12}/\Delta m^2_{23}| \ll
1 in order to understand the solar and atmospheric data simultaneously, the
only solution is one which gives bi-maximal mixing. It is pointed out that the
observed values \sin^2 2\theta_{solar} \simeq 0.66 in the MSW LMA solution
cannot be explained within the framework of the Zee model, because we derive a
severe constraint on the value of \sin^2 2 \theta_{solar}, \sin^2 2
\theta_{solar} \geq 1 -(1/16)(\Delta m^2_{solar}/\Delta m^2_{atm})^2.Comment: Latex file, 10 pages, 1 figure, explanations and references added,
typos corrected, to be published in Phys.Rev.
'Mu-Tau' symmetry, tribimaximal mixing and four zero neutrino Yukawa textures
Within the type-I seesaw framework with three heavy right chiral neutrinos
and in the basis where the latter and the charged leptons are mass diagonal, a
near `mu-tau' symmetry in the neutrino sector is strongly suggested by the
neutrino oscillation data. There is further evidence for a close to the
tribimaximal mixing pattern which subsumes `mu-tau' symmetry. On the other
hand, the assumption of a (maximally allowed) four zero texture in the Yukawa
coupling matrix Y_nu in the same basis leads to a highly constrained and
predictive theoretical scheme. We show that the requirement of an exact
`mu-tau' symmetry, coupled with observational constraints, reduces the `seventy
two' allowed textures in such a `Y_nu' to 'only four' corresponding to just two
different forms of the light neutrino mass matrix `m_nu'. The effect of each of
these on measurable quantities can be described, apart from an overall factor
of the neutrino mass scale, in terms of two real parameters and a phase angle
all of which are within very constrained ranges. The additional input of a
tribimaximal mixing reduces these three parameters to `only one' with a very
nearly fixed value. Implications for both flavored and unflavored leptogenesis
as well as radiative lepton flavor violating decays are discussed. We also
investigate the stability of these conclusions under small deviations due to
renormalization group running from a high scale where the four zero texture as
well as `mu-tau' symmetry or the tribimaximal mixing pattern are imposed.Comment: Typographical changes,accepted for publication in JHE
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