Comparison of Urdu version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and the Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL) amongst primary school children in Karachi

OBJECTIVE: To compare CBCL (Child Behaviour Check Llist) Urdu, with the validated Urdu version of Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) used as gold standard among school children in Karachi, Pakistan, and to develop local cutoffs for CBCL using SDQ as a gold standard. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional study. PLACE AND DURATION OF STUDY: Schools of Karachi metropolitan area from January to December 2006. METHODOLOGY: The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and Child Behaviour Check List (CBCL) was completed by parents of 5-11 years old primary school children in Karachi. Appropriate cutoff points for total problem, internalizing and externalizing scales were obtained for CBCL. RESULTS: A total of 556 parents filled out both the SDQ Urdu version as well as CBCL. Scores from the parent rated total SDQ scores were highly correlated with the total CBCL scores (r=0.589). The local cutoffs derived for CBCL were considerably lower than USA norms. Slightly higher cutoff for males was found as compared to females for the total CBCL scores. CONCLUSION: Like the original English version, the Urdu version of CBCL and SDQ are both equally valid assessment tools to be used for both clinical and research purpose in Pakistani settings, where Urdu is widely spoken and understood

10-year pattern of admissions in psychiatric unit at a tertiary care hospital in pakistan.

To identify the pattern of psychiatric morbidity in hospitalized patients of a tertiary care unit.Design; Details of patient’s admissions from the case register of psychiatric unit were recorded retrospectively.The study was conducted in Dept. of Psychiatry Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre JPMC Karachi and included data of ten years. RESULTS;- TA total of 5527 patients were hospitalized during period of ten years (1995 – 2004). Among them 62.612% (n = 3461) were males and 37.38 (n = 2066) were females. The majority of patients were in the age range of 15 – 44 years. On the basis of ICD classification, mood disorders (F 30 – F 39) (42.42%) were most frequent diagnosis made, followed by schizophrenia, schizotypal and delusional disorders (F20-F29) (26.50%), mental and behavioural disorders due to psychoactive substance use (9.5%).CONCLUSION; Pattern of inpatients psychiatric disorders is slightly different from outpatient population and comprised of mostly patients with un-manageable acute psychiatric disorder. This measure of assessment of needs will help in allocation of resources

Insect Infestation on Bt. and Non-Bt. Cotton Cultivars

A field study was carried out to examine the resistance potential of promising cotton cultivars to insect pest infestation, during the year 2012. Five cotton varieties were examined for their resistance against insect pests including Hari Dost, Shahbaz-95, NIAB-78, Sindh-1 and Bt Cotton. The insect pests monitored in this study included thrips, jassid, whitefly and bollworms. The experimental process for monitoring the insect pests was initiated on 15th June 2012 and lasted on 12th October, 2012. The results showed that thrips population was significantly (P<0.01) lowest (6.28/plant) on Haridost, against 9.22/plant on NIAB-78, 13.79/plant on Bt cotton 14.89/plant on Sindh-1. while the highest thrips population (15.21/plant) was recorded on  Shahbaz-95. The peak thrips population was noted on 12th July observation on all three verities while on Bt cotton, the peak thrips population was recorded on 19th July. Bt Cotton. The peak activities of jassid was recorded in the month of August. Overall mean showed that the signifactly highest (P<0.01) population of jassid was recorded as (3.59/leaf) on Sindh1 followed by Bt cotton (2.81/leaf), Shahbaz (2.80/leaf), Niab -78 (2.19/leaf) and Hari dost (1.63/leaf). Similarly, whitefly was found active in month of July and Augest. Significantly, more population (P<0.01) was recorded on Sindh-1 (3.20/leaf) and minimum on Haridost (1.40/leaf). Bollworms infestation was significantly lowest (P<0.01), (2.04/plant) on Bt cotton against 2.56/plant on NIAB-78, 3.04/plant on Haridost, 3.22/plant on Sindh-1; while the highest bollworms population (3.36/plant) was observed on cotton variety Shahbaz-95. Bt cotton variety showed considerable resistance against bollworm complex, while NIAB-78 also showed some resistance against sucking. The infestation of sucking insect pests on haridost. Shahbaz and Sindh-1 as compared to Bt cotton. The infestation of thrips, and whitefly was  peaked in the month of July. While Jassid was found most active in August. Bollworms appeared in first week of July and remained active in the field in relatively higher population upto the mid of September and later decreased to negligible level. Keywords: Cultivar Resistance, Insect Infestatio

GSU Event Portal

This is one of the Event portal web applications where it provides the registration facility for the organizations to register into it so that people can use the features or the tools which are present in this application. This application provides different features to the users like to create the events, to promote the events of the organizations, manage and sell out events of all types and sizes so that organizations can promote their organizations and make the organization to reach to the more number of customers. This application is a user-friendly application where people can easily navigate from one place of application to the other place, to use this application people does not need any kind of training. Any organization can create the event, they can upload the details of the events, post the photos, gives the information about the events, provide the facilities to book the tickets and allowing the user to purchase the tickets. It also maintains different types of users and every user is having their own user console to do the operations. By this kind of implementation, we can implement the access restrictions, and provides the information to the guests also. It also allows the user to post any similar type of the events which are conducted in those events. User will be allowed to search the events and they can know the information about the events which are conducted in the city or in the other places

Beyond sequencing: Re-visiting annotations for PJL as a test case

Objectives: Current developments in sequencing techniques have enabled rapid and high-throughput generation of sequence data. however, there is a growing gap between the generation of raw sequencing data and the extraction of meaningful biological information. variant annotation is a crucial step in the analysis of genome sequencing data. incorrect or incomplete annotations can cause researchers to dilute interesting variants in a pool of false positives. we require consistent, accurate and reliable annotation of variants for making diagnostic and treatment decisions. current annotation depends on the set of transcripts, and software used can be managed, with sufficient care, in the research context. careful thought needs to be given to the choice of transcript sets and software packages for variant annotation in sequencing studies. in this project, the main objective is to analyze the genetic variants observed in pakistani population data within the 1000 genomes project (1kgp).Results: We characterized only snvs and indels types of genetic variations, in total ~ 1.4 million variants. besides this, we also annotated the genetic variants with multiple annotations tools, annovar and snpeff and compared the differential results. our population-specific catalogue will enhance future studies on the functional impact at protein level

A Unified Integration Model and Database Management System for Genomic Data

Genomic databases are heterogeneous in nature. This means, they have different notations, formats and terminologies for the same kind of data. To overcome the problems due to the heterogeneous and disperse nature of these databases, two main data integration approaches are used i.e. Mediator-based approach and Data warehouse approach. Systems developed using these approaches allow biologists read-only access of data. At times, they need to submit their own generated data during experiments to databases which is not possible with existing systems. In this paper, we design and develop data warehouse based system which not only allows biologists and researchers to access data but also to submit data they generated during lab experiment

Assessment of prophetic foods consumption among lactating mothers: Combining quantitative & qualitative approaches

Introduction: The phrase ‘Prophetic food and medicine’ reflects the words and actions of the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) with the bearing of disease, treatment of disease, and care of patients. Among plants mentioned in the Al-Quran, Al-Hadith and Islamic literature are dates, pomegranates, figs, olive and black cumin seeds. These plants are widely used for medicinal purposes, as functional foods and industrial products. However, there are limited studies found regarding their effect on human milk quality and quantity. Thus, this paper aims to describe the methodology to assess knowledge, attitude, and practice of prophetic foods consumption among lactating mothers in Kuantan, Pahang. Methodology: Pregnant Malay mothers aged 18 to 40 years old, at a gestational duration of ≥ 32 weeks, are recruited. During the lactation period, their dietary intake (specifically the consumption of prophetic foods) are assessed using a quantitative method which is food frequency questionnaire. A subsample of these mothers is then interviewed using semi-structured interview method on the prophetic food consumption. Quantitative and qualitative data are analysed using SPSS and NVivo software, respectively. Result: Reports of positive effects of prophetic food consumption on lactation experience namely improving human milk production is anticipated from this study. In addition, it will provide a foundation for further exploration of the role of prophetic food consumption in the lactation process. Conclusion: This research is at the forefront to provide the data on potential practice and application of prophetic foods in positively influencing lactation experience and quality of human milk

The prophetic foods consumption among exclusively breastfeeding mothers in Kuantan, Pahang: An exploratory study

The World Health Organization (WHO) and United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF) strongly advocate exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months after birth as the optimal way of feeding infants. Nutritional inadequacy during breastfeeding period may lead to breastfeeding problems such as inadequate milk production which is a common reason to early breastfeeding termination. Galactagogue is one of the solutions seek by breastfeeding mothers to overcome this problem. Within the topic of prophetic medicine, scholars discussed the foods consumed by Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H) and their health benefits. Among the plants mentioned in Islamic literature are F.carica (figs), O.europea (olive), P.granatum (pomegranate) and N.sativa (habbatussauda). Studies on prophetic foods consumption among lactating mothers is limited in the literature. Thus, the aims of this study to explore on prophetic food consumption, among Malay mothers during exclusive breastfeeding period. Ten subjects are interviewed by in-depth semistructured interview guide. Inclusion criteria include Malay mothers aged 18 to 40 years, deliver full term babies and were exclusively breastfeeding. Audio-recorded interviews were transcribed verbatim in Malay and translated into English. Translated transcripts were then analysed thematically with the help of NVivo software. Thematic analysis revealed three themes that represents participants’ knowledge, attitude and practice on prophetic foods consumption. The themes were 1) prophetic diet is related to Prophet Muhammad (P.B.U.H)’s practice on foods and eating manners, 2) perceived benefits and effectiveness of prophetic foods consumption, and 3) Practice of prophetic foods consumption during exclusive breastfeeding period. This study provides an insight to the understanding and perception on prophetic foods consumption during exclusive breastfeeding period among breastfeeding mothers. It is acknowledged that prophetic foods, particularly dates may have lactogenic function. Further studies should be carried out to investigate the relationship between prophetic foods consumption and lactogenic activity

Validity and reliability analysis of the 'SayangKU' (MyLove) in intervention for addressing adolescents involved in free sex

A module entitled ‘SayangKU’ (MyLove), based on the Islamic perspective, was developed as an instrument to assist adolescents that involved in premarital sexual activity. The module comprises four phases: Love of God (Allah), Love of the Prophet, Love of Oneself, and Love of the Ummah (world). From analysis of Rasch, the value of item reliability was.80 and an individual reliability was.95. Dimensionality value was more than 40 % variance explained by measures, and level of agreement among experts was 86.88 %. The posttest shows the better result from pretest and proves the effectiveness of the module

E-hailing services: antitrust implications of uber and grab`s merger in Southeast Asia

Uber-Grab’s merger had attracted antitrust scrutiny by competition authorities in Southeast-Asia. The merger between the two had created a large giant company that provides various services through a platform such as ridesharing and food delivery services. According to the deal, Grab will take over Uber’s assets (ridesharing and food delivery service), and in return, Uber will take a 27.5 percent stake in Grab. Although Grab claimed that the merger would create a cost-efficient platform in Southeast Asia and put it in a better position to serve consumers, there was a genuine concern that the merger will reduce competition in the market and provide incentives to Grab to engage in anti-competitive behaviour such as increasing the price of its services. This article aims to analyse how different countries in Southeast Asia responded to the Uber-Grab’s merger and measures taken to address competitive concerns ex-ante and ex-post-merger. Unlike other competition jurisdictions in Southeast-Asia, the Malaysia Competition Act 2010 contains no merger control provision, which empowers the Malaysian competition authority to block any merger that has the effect of substantially lessening competition. The studies on how other countries evaluated the Uber-Grab merger could assist Malaysia’s competition authority to regulate the future behaviour of the big digital platform in the Malaysian market. This article was written based on research that relies on both primary and secondary sources. Primary sources include statutory provisions on competition, decision, proposed decision, interim measures, and others. while secondary sources include journal articles, news, internet resources, and others. The article also adopts a comparative approach in order to analyse the approaches and measures taken by the various merger control regimes in Southeast Asia in dealing with the Uber-Grab’s merger