7,600 research outputs found
Chiral dynamics of hadrons in nuclei
In this talk I report on selected topics of hadron modification in the
nuclear medium using the chiral unitary approach to describe the dynamics of
the problems. I shall mention how antikaons, , and are modified in
the medium and will report upon different experiments done or planned to
measure the width in the medium.Comment: 10 pgs, 3 figs. Invited talk in the Workshop on in Medium Hadron
Physics, Giessen, Nov 200
Noise control by sonic crystal barriers made of recycled materials
A systematic study of noise barriers based on sonic crystals made of
cylinders that use recycled materials like absorbing component is here
reported. The barriers consist of only three rows of perforated metal shells
filled with rubber crumb. Measurements of reflectance and transmittance by
these barriers are reported. Their attenuation properties result from a
combination of sound absorption by the rubber crumb and reflection by the
periodic distribution of scatterers. It is concluded that porous cylinders can
be used as building blocks whose physical parameters can be optimized in order
to design efficient barriers adapted to different noisy environments
The synergetic effect from the combination of different adsorption resins in batch and semi-continuous cultivations of S. Cerevisiae cell factories to produce acetylated Taxanes precursors of the anticancer drug Taxol
In situ product recovery is an efficient way to intensify bioprocesses as it can perform adsorption of the desired natural products in the cultivation. However, it is common to use only one adsorbent (liquid or solid) to perform the product recovery. For this study, the use of an in situ product recovery method with three combined commercial resins (HP-20, XAD7HP, and HP-2MG) with different chemical properties was performed. A new yeast strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae was engineered using CRISPR Cas9 (strain EJ2) to deliver heterologous expression of oxygenated acetylated taxanes that are precursors of the anticancer drug Taxol ® (paclitaxel). Microscale cultivations using a definitive screening design (DSD) were set to get the best resin combinations and concentrations to retrieve high taxane titers. Once the best resin treatment was selected by the DSD, semi-continuous cultivation in high throughput microscale was performed to increase the total taxanes yield up to 783 ± 33 mg/L. The best T5α-yl Acetate yield obtained was up to 95 ± 4 mg/L, the highest titer of this compound ever reported by a heterologous expression. It was also observed that by using a combination of the resins in the cultivation, 8 additional uncharacterized taxanes were found in the gas chromatograms compared to the dodecane overlay method. Lastly, the cell-waste reactive oxygen species concentrations from the yeast were 1.5-fold lower in the resin's treatment compared to the control with no adsorbent aid. The possible future implications of this method could be critical for bioprocess intensification, allowing the transition to a semi-continuous flow bioprocess. Further, this new methodology broadens the use of different organisms for natural product synthesis/discovery benefiting from clear bioprocess intensification advantages
Reflection of electrons from a domain wall in magnetic nanojunctions
Electronic transport through thin and laterally constrained domain walls in
ferromagnetic nanojunctions is analyzed theoretically. The description is
formulated in the basis of scattering states. The resistance of the domain wall
is calculated in the regime of strong electron reflection from the wall. It is
shown that the corresponding magnetoresistance can be large, which is in a
qualitative agreement with recent experimental observations. We also calculate
the spin current flowing through the wall and the spin polarization of electron
gas due to reflections from the domain wall.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
Ballistic and diffuse transport through a ferromagnetic domain wall
We study transport through ballistic and diffuse ferromagnetic domain walls
in a two-band Stoner model with a rotating magnetization direction. For a
ballistic domain wall, the change in the conductance due to the domain wall
scattering is obtained from an adiabatic approximation valid when the length of
the domain wall is much longer than the Fermi wavelength. In diffuse systems,
the change in the resistivity is calculated using a diagrammatic technique to
the lowest order in the domain wall scattering and taking into account
spin-dependent scattering lifetimes and screening of the domain wall potential.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev.
Domain Wall Resistance based on Landauer's Formula
The scattering of the electron by a domain wall in a nano-wire is calculated
perturbatively to the lowest order. The resistance is calculated by use of
Landauer's formula. The result is shown to agree with the result of the linear
response theory if the equilibrium is assumed in the four-terminal case
Electrons in a ferromagnetic metal with a domain wall
We present theoretical description of conduction electrons interacting with a
domain wall in ferromagnetic metals. The description takes into account
interaction between electrons. Within the semiclassical approximation we
calculate the spin and charge distributions, particularly their modification by
the domain wall. In the same approximation we calculate local transport
characteristics, including relaxation times and charge and spin conductivities.
It is shown that these parameters are significantly modified near the wall and
this modification depends on electron-electron interaction.Comment: 10 pages with 4 figure
Chiral dynamics of baryon resonances and hadrons in a nuclear medium
In these lectures I make an introduction to chiral unitary theory applied to
the meson baryon interaction and show how several well known resonances are
dynamically generated, and others are predicted. Two very recent experiments
are analyzed, one of them showing the existence of two
states and the other one providing support for the
resonance as a quasibound state of . The
use of chiral Lagrangians to account for the hadronic interaction at the
elementary level introduces a new approach to deal with the modification of
meson and baryon properties in a nuclear medium. Examples of it for ,
and modification in the nuclear medium are presented.Comment: Lectures given in the Workshop on Hadron Physics, Puri (India), march
200
Effects of pseudoscalar-baryon channels in the dynamically generated vector-baryon resonances
We study the interaction of vector mesons with the octet of stable baryons in
the framework of the local hidden gauge formalism using a coupled channels
unitary approach, including also the pseudoscalar-baryon channels which couple
to the same quantum numbers. We examine the scattering amplitudes and their
poles, which can be associated to known baryon resonances,
and determine the role of the pseudoscalar-baryon channels, changing the width
and eventually the mass of the resonances generated with only the basis of
vector-baryon states
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