An overview on periodontal changes and dental movements

Only in recent times has been enhanced the importance of gingival crevicular fluid in periodontal health and in particular in maintaining the integrity of periodontium during application of orthodontic forces. The aim of this short review is to evaluate the importance of substances as valid biomarkers of periodontal health during orthodontic movements. A search on PubMed and Cochrane database was performed considering the literature from 2003 to 2014, using the following key words: gingival crevicular fluid, biomarkers of periodontal tissue, orthodontic movements. After abstracts screening, the full-texts of selected papers were analyzed and the papers found from the reference lists were also considered. The search focused on clinical applications documented in studies in the English language: levels of evidence included in the literature analysis were I, II and III. Literature analysis showed 28 papers that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The conclusion is that GCF is a powerful vehicle for clinical diagnostics, since it contains different biochemical and cellular arrays in relation to different clinical situations indicative of the state of periodontal health during orthodontic treatment

Helicobacter pylory and oral diseases

Sin financiación1.711 JCR (2020) Q4, 132/146 Endocrinology & Metabolism0.284 SJR (2020) Q3, 167/232 Endocrinology, Diabetes and MetabolismNo data IDR 2020UE

Two-way relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease: a reality or a paradigm?

Diabetes mellitus (DM) and periodontal disease (PD) are both chronic diseases. From one side, DM have an adverse effect on PD, and on the other side PD may influence DM. Systemic therapy of DM with glycaemic control, affects the progress of PD. Reversely treatment of PD combined with the administration of systemic antibiotics seems to have a double effect on diabetic patients reducing the periodontal infection and improving the glycaemic control. Inflammation, altered host responses, altered tissue homeostasis are common characteristic of both DM and PD. The potential common pathophysiologic pathways of direct or reverse relationship of DM and PD are still unknown and further in vitro and in vivo studies are needed to explore this relationship

Why patients with cardiovascular risks go to dentists. Is there sufficient evidence of influence of periodontal therapy on cardiovascular disease?

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a common cause of death, representing 29% of the mortality all over the word. Estimates for 2006 show that CVD is one of the world's main cause of death, with 17.1 million death per year. More than 70 million Americans have been diagnosed with various forms of CVD, including high blood pressure, coronary artery disease (acute myocardial infarction and angina pectoris), disorders of peripheral arteries etc. There is strong evidence that periodontal disease (PD) is associated with an increased risk of CVD. In addiction many patients with CVD are also affected by PD, which can be mild or severe. The aim of this manuscript is to investigate the effects of periodontal therapy on the management of CVD. 34 randomised controlled trials and reviews were included in this manuscript to test the effects of different periodontal therapies for patients with CVD. In conclusion, we may affirm that there is some lack of knowledge on relations between PD and CVD, however there is sufficient evidence to justify a periodontal treatment to prevent CVD, in fact PD is very prevalent in middle-aged population and can have a significant impact on the cardiovascular function

Periodontitis and cerebrovascular disease: A new novel in medicine

The aim of this review is to determine if there is a relationship between periodontal disease and stroke. The included case-control and cohort studies mediate the incidence of stroke and periodontal disease by analyzing different parameters. A literature review was carried out in PubMed, Scopus and Embase databases using the key word “stroke” AND “periodontal disease”. An amount of 932 articles came out from our research on these three databases. These articles were selected according to PRISMA criteria. The following inclusion criteria were established: studies conducted in humans, articles published in English and published in the last ten years. Exclusion criteria were: experimental studies on animals, articles published more than 10 years ago, non-English language articles, articles of nonindexed journals, and articles not directly related to the association between stroke and periodontitis. These criteria reduced the number of articles from 932 to 399. At the end, articles that appeared to be repeated in different databases have been eliminated: 254 articles remained. All these articles titles were reviewed by the authors, who decided whether or not to include them in the review. We selected an amount of 43 articles. These studies were reviewed by reading the titles and abstracts, and by finally selecting the ones with the same topic of this review. When titles or abstracts were not clear, the complete article was read. At the end 7 articles were selected. In addition, 2 systematic reviews and 1 article, cited in the discussion, and regarding the protocol used in patients suffering from cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis, were selected. The quality of these articles was evaluated through the JADAD system. In conclusion, patients with stroke have a higher prevalence of periodontitis