AN EVALUATION OF EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON SMOKING EDUCATION IN SCHOOLS

Bağımlılık yapan maddeler günümüzde önemli sağlık sorunlarının temelini oluşturmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı okullarda yapılan sigara eğitimine yönelik deneysel araştırmaları inceleyerek, konu hakkında Türkiye ve farklı kıtalardan seçilen örnek ülkelerde ulaşılan noktayı görebilmektir. Araştırmaların sistematik olarak bir araya getirilmesi önemli bir bilgi birikimini oluşturacağı ve deneysel çalışmaların yapılmasına ışık tutarak mevcut boşluğu dolduracağı düşünülmektedir. Türkiye'de MEB'e bağlı ilk ve ortaöğretim okullarında sigaraya yönelik yapılan deneysel araştırmaya rastlanmamıştır. Buna karşın ABD, Almanya ve G. Kore'de konuyla ilgili etkili deneysel çalışmalar vardır. Günümüzde 7 yaşına kadar düşen sigara kullanma yaşı, eğitim kurumları olan okullarda sigara eğitimine yönelik deneysel ve uzun süreli programların yapılmasını zorunlu hale getirmektedir. ABSTRACT : Substances that are harmful for health and cause addiction are among basic health care problems. The aim of this study is to see reached the point in regard to the smoking in schools by examining the empirical research in Turkey and also, in selected examples of different countries. Bringing together research as an important systematic knowledge and experimental work is done will create a holding light is thought to fill existing gaps. Connected to the primary and secondary education levels in Turkey MoNE towards experimental research on smoking in schools has not been found. Despite this, in the US, Germany and South Korea, there are issues related to effective experimental studies. Today, up to the age of 7 years of declining cigarette use, smoking in schools with educational institutions to carry out experimental and long-term program to make compulsory are needed

Biyoloji Eğitimi Öğretmen Adaylarının Öğretiminde Öz-Yeterlik İnançları

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen adaylarının biyoloji öğretimi öz-yeterlik inancı düzeylerini belirlemek ve çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelemektir. Betimsel yapıda olan araştırmada Enochs ve Riggs (1990) tarafından geliştirilen ve Bıkmaz tarafından 2002 yılında Türkiye koşullarına uyarlanan “Fen Öğretiminde Öz-yeterlik İnancı Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Çalışma grubunu 2003-2004 öğretim yılında Hacettepe Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi, Biyoloji Eğitimi Ana Bilimdalı’nda okuyan 159 öğretmen adayı oluşturmaktadır. Verilerin analizi ortalama, ANOVA ve t testi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, öğretmen adaylarının biyoloji öğretiminde özyeterlik inançlarının yüksek (X = 3.75) düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Sınıflara ve meslek tercih nedenine göre biyoloji öğretmen adaylarının öz-yeterlik inancı puanları arasında .05 düzeyinde anlamlı bir fark bulunmuştur. Öğretmen adaylarının cinsiyet, yaş, mezun olunan lise türü, yerleşim birimi, aylık gelir ve başarı öz-yeterlik inançları arasında anlamlı bir farklılık bulunamamıştır

High School Students’ Cognitive Structures and Views: What is a Genetically Modified Organism?

This research aims to demonstrate high school students’ cognitive structures and views about GMOs. This research employs Phenomenology- one of the qualitative research methods. The research group was composed of 205 students attending various high schools chosen through purposeful sampling. A 3-part form was used as the data collection tool. Part one contained a word association test while part two contained views and part three contained a section for drawings. The data were evaluated with content analysis. Consequently, it was found that the participating students’ 1024 concepts about GMOs were divided into 5 categories and their 156 drawings were divided into 5 categories. It was found that conceptual framework in relation to GMO had not been formed completely in the participants. On examining the drawings, it was found that students made drawings about the harm of GMOs to health most

Modelling the Subjects of Skeletal and Muscular System: Mobile Applications

The existence of applications for such subjects as skeletal and muscular system in biology- where visual learning is important- is a necessity for teaching. This research basically aims to analyse applications for skeletal and muscular systems available in Apple, Google Play and Amazon virtual stores. This research employs document analysis- one of the qualitative research method. Applications available in virtual stores for skeletal and muscular system were reviewed in this research. The data collected were analysed through content analysis. Consequently, 35 applications in total were found for use with smart phones in relation to skeletal and muscular system. The results showed that the applications concerning skeletal and muscular system could be divided into 5 categories (Game, entertainment, animation, 2D and 3D visual based applications). Applications concerning skeletal and muscular system can be used in teaching so as to make diffarence for education and to increase permanence in learning

Modelling the Subjects of Skeletal and Muscular System: Mobile Applications

The existence of applications for such subjects as skeletal and muscular system in biology- where visual learning is important- is a necessity for teaching. This research basically aims to analyse applications for skeletal and muscular systems available in Apple, Google Play and Amazon virtual stores. This research employs document analysis- one of the qualitative research method. Applications available in virtual stores for skeletal and muscular system were reviewed in this research. The data collected were analysed through content analysis. Consequently, 35 applications in total were found for use with smart phones in relation to skeletal and muscular system. The results showed that the applications concerning skeletal and muscular system could be divided into 5 categories (Game, entertainment, animation, 2D and 3D visual based applications). Applications concerning skeletal and muscular system can be used in teaching so as to make diffarence for education and to increase permanence in learning

High School Students’ Cognitive Structures and Views: What is a Genetically Modified Organism?

This research aims to demonstrate high school students’ cognitive structures and views about GMOs. This research employs Phenomenology- one of the qualitative research methods. The research group was composed of 205 students attending various high schools chosen through purposeful sampling. A 3-part form was used as the data collection tool. Part one contained a word association test while part two contained views and part three contained a section for drawings. The data were evaluated with content analysis. Consequently, it was found that the participating students’ 1024 concepts about GMOs were divided into 5 categories and their 156 drawings were divided into 5 categories. It was found that conceptual framework in relation to GMO had not been formed completely in the participants. On examining the drawings, it was found that students made drawings about the harm of GMOs to health most

Kaskat bağli çok seviyeli çevirgeç temelli iletim STATKOM’u sistemlerinde trafo çekirdek satürasyonunun giderilmesi.

This research work is devoted to the description of coupling transformer core saturation phenomenon and its elimination by modulated firing algorithms in Cascaded Multilevel Converter (CMC) based T-STATCOM systems. Transmission- type Static Synchronous Compensator (T-STATCOM) is connected to the transmission voltage level (≥110kV) via a coupling transformer. The coupling transformer may be an existing Medium Voltage (MV) to High Voltage (HV) or Extra High Voltage (EHV), or a specially designed transformer. This thesis work deals with coupling transformer core saturation problem in Cascaded Multilevel Converter (CMC) based T-STATCOM systems. The effects of nonlinear characteristics of the coupling transformer and CMCs on the core saturation phenomenon are investigated, and the associated mechanisms are described. İmbalance in positive and negative cycles of the converter output voltage waveform, 2nd harmonic voltage at the ac primary side, and low operation flux density of the vi transformer may lead to asymmetric saturation of the coupling transformer core. Transformer core saturation results in significant increase in not only in dc current but also in the 2nd harmonic current and hence voltage component at the ac side of the converter. Furthermore, the 2nd harmonic voltage component will be reflected to the dc side of the converter in the form of ac voltage component at supply frequency. Dc current components in the coupling transformer secondary lines are eliminated by modulating one or more than one voltage steps of staircase CMC voltage waveforms via the electronic gating circuitry. The proposed dc current elimination method is implemented on a 154-kV, ±50-MVAr CMC based T-STATCOM system, which is operating either in inter-area oscillation damping or terminal voltage regulation modes at any time in a 400/154-kV transformer substation since March 2010. The effectiveness of recommended dc current elimination method is verified in the field.Ph.D. - Doctoral Progra

C tipi 2inci harmonik güç filtresinin geçici rejim ve filtreleme performansının yarı-iletken anahtarlar kullanılarak optimize edilmesi.

In this research work, the performance of a C-type, 2nd harmonic power filter is optimized by the use of a thyristor switched damping resistor. In the design of conventional C-type, 2nd harmonic filters; the resistance of permanently connected damping resistor is to be optimized for minimization of voltage stresses on filter elements arising from switchings in transient state and for maximization of filtering effectiveness in the steady-state. Transformer inrush current during energization of power transformers and connection of filter bank to the supply are the major causes of voltage stresses arising on filter elements in transient state. These can be minimized by designing a highly damped C-type filter (low damping resistor) at the expense of inadequate filtering performance and high losses in the steady-state. On the other hand, higher damping resistance (high quality factor) is to be chosen in the design of C-type filter for satisfactory filtering of 2nd harmonic current component at the expense of higher voltage rating for capacitor bank and hence a more costly filter bank design. This drawback of conventional C-type 2nd harmonic filter circuit can be eliminated by subdividing damping resistor into two parallel parts; one is permanently connected while the other is connected to and disconnected from the circuit by back-to-back connected thyristor assemblies. The use of light triggered thyristors provides isolation between power stage and control circuit, and hence allows outdoor installation.M.S. - Master of Scienc